转载自网络，具体链接不详，感谢作者。
A career development process technicians roughly like this:
Internship
Still in school, had never been involved in real projects or project by project code reading during the internship, bug fixes, etc. start to accumulate experience, every day felt a lot of their own harvest, lack of time;Graduating
Little experience, reference projects in other code modules, able to complete small functional requirements, competent small module development, but also to maintain the project on behalf of;Work 2--5 years
Capable of performing any function module development, and start doing modular design and system design, design of what they can, but also do well perhaps to others;More than 5 years
Responsible for architecture design of the entire project, implemented a project basis and core modules.
The first three stages of thinking is to consider how their own, how to achieve the function, how to complete the task. The fourth stage, will begin to relate to the management related work, because, first of all, your stuff you no longer use a person, you need to explain and communicate with others; secondly, your architecture and the core modules came out you need the rational allocation of the remaining tasks to the appropriate members to develop.
I think the transition from technical positions to management positions, more than the ability to change, but to change the way of thinking and mentality. Technology managers are a class of managers, managers of the three core responsibilities are as follows:
1. establish team goals
regardless of project size, must have a goal, a goal can make everyone a clear direction and know the meaning of work every day where work is not close in a step by step toward the goal of the team. Executive thinking purely technical personnel should be switched to the macro-thinking, because personal success has not called success, team success is the success, how to make high-output performance of the team is what you should think about.
2. achieve this goal we are still missing from what resources
this is mainly related to the overall planning ability. Early in the project, you need to be very clear clearly know the current team's ability and resources you can deploy, so as to ensure that the latter will not be because of lack of resources led to the goal can not be reached.
3. How do we move toward the goal
of this interspersed throughout the process, is the most important, is what I saw two years and the deepest personal experience, which encompasses all aspects of technology management at the party playing team management.
If something a person needs to do m man-hours to complete, then n (n> 1) individual to do the required work theory is m / n, but the actual time must be better than this, the result is (m / n) * α (α> 1), α is the coordination cost. Technology managers need to do is to try to reduce the cost of collaboration, including the following:
Task assignment
before you a person gets things done well, now how to ensure the team a group of people to do it well? Assignments including how the rational allocation of tasks to the right people, to achieve the best results, that is, people's value to be reflected, output quality is also high. This requires managers to understand the depth of the task, the team's ability to understand each person should be accurate.
Global view
needs to focus upon technical personnel work, in turn, as a technical management personnel, to prevent excessive concentration. More to understand the progress and problems in all aspects of the project, any details of the project and team well aware of, any large and small problems can quickly locate and analyze and solve, will not lose focus on the technical details of global control.
Communication skills
every day and machine to communicate before, and people are now switching to communicate. Former rebellious and disdain because of technical ability, should now switch to a more patient, more attention to the tone and wording of communication. In addition, more initiative to identify problems and to solve problems through communication skills.
Coordinated scheduling capabilities
during the project will encounter some unexpected technical problems caused the project to be block, if the problem has been going on has not been resolved, then the need for timely scheduling the ability of people to participate resolve to prevent the project has been in a state of uncertainty. When multiple functions or projects in parallel, due to limited human resources, may need to continue to dynamically adjust the priority of each project to ensure that the overall project is progressing according to schedule. Priority scheduling and adjustment is a very complex process, but remember that we are always things that only the highest priority, the highest priority things done after the second thing priority will naturally be upgraded to the highest priority thing, in this upgrade process, we may also need products and other relevant departments to conduct a priority assessment or dynamically adjusted. This is also related to negative feedback project management, so that the results of each stage is fed back to a new stage, to ensure that the final result closer to our goal.
Time management
time management is each team a headache, directly reflected in the progress of the project. Time management seems difficult, actually very simple. Each task can be split must be fine enough quantization, or two or more tasks are unreasonable days. And the process requires strict control of each node quantify good time or a milestone, to ensure the quality and time of each node point is correct is the best way to ensure that the final result, any need to force a delay in time to find ways to remedy, avoid add up, so as to prevent the project can not be expected to last extension appears.
Decentralization and train
himself to solve specific technical problems, do code review to see what areas of code there is not standardized, and testers to discuss specific test case is reasonable, the work needs to be done now, but they are no longer the focus of your attention you should be more decentralized so that other people do, in the process need not necessarily do everything by yourself, on this basis, you should pay more attention to the training of members, develop their ability to learn, the ability to think and solve problems ability (the ability of these three are my basic requirements for technical personnel), allowing members to quickly progress and grow independently.
Listen
regardless of the previous technology more cattle, more than Shicai put Kuang and rebellious, as a manager, you need to bear the mission and performance of the team, so it should take the initiative to listen to the views of the core team members at any time, be a good listener. Listen there must be multidimensional listen to, and then analyze and make decisions