Foreword
The need to work and study in the use of centos7, also need to create a virtual host, will often use vagrant management tools to create a virtual host, wrote this summary recap.
Special Note: In case if you just want to succeed in this environment quickly installed, please read the full text after the operation, some of which did not depend on me to install, thank you!
1, preparation
1）vagrant
Vagrant is a Ruby-based tool for creating and deploying virtualized development environment. It uses Oracle's open source VirtualBox virtualization system, use Chef to create automated virtual environment. (Cited Baidu Encyclopedia https://baike.baidu.com/item/Vagrant/1321946?fr=aladdin)
Detailed instructions, consult the official website of documentation, software download address: https://www.vagrantup.com/
2）VirtualBox
VirtualBox is a powerful x86 and AMD64/Intel64 virtualization product for enterprise as well as home use. Not only is VirtualBox an extremely feature rich, high performance product for enterprise customers, it is also the only professional solution that is freely available as Open Source Software under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2.（官网说明）
Software Download: https://www.virtualbox.org/
What we need here is the official website to download and install the rpm package installed, of course, you can use yum install VirtualBox, below I will put yum source (backward looking oh).
3) Check the computer's bios virtualization is not opened, the computer models are more, please Baidu own. View virtualization centos command as follows:
See if cpu support # grep -E ' SVM | VMX ' / proc / cpuinfo - VMX IS for Intel Processors - SVM IS for AMD Processors
4) yum source configuration of VirtualBox (official address: https: //www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads, most bottom of the page)
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/vbox.repo [virtualbox] name=Oracle Linux / RHEL / CentOS-$releasever / $basearch - VirtualBox baseurl=http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/el/$releasever/$basearch enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc
2, installation and deployment
1, when the upper side configuration or directly after completion of the software download, install command as follows:
[the root @ localhost ~] # RPM -ivh VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64.rpm Warning: VirtualBox - 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64.rpm: the DSA head V4 / SHAl the Signature, Key ID 98ab5139 : NOKEY error: dependent detection failure: libGL.so. . 1 (64bit) () is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64 need libICE.so. . 6 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- 1 .x86_64 need libsdl - 1.2 .so.0 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64 need libSM.so. . 6 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64 need libX11 -xcb.so. . 1 ( ) (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64 need libX11.so are. . 6 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64 required . libXcursor.so . 1 () (64bit) It is VirtualBox- 6.0- 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64 need libXext.so. . 6 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64 required . LibXmu.so . 6 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7 - . 1 .x86_64 need libXrender.so. . 1 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64 required . libXt.so . 6 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1.x86_64 need libfontconfig.so. 1 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- 1 .x86_64 needs . libopus.so 0 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- 1 .x86_64 need libpng15 . .so 15 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- 1 .x86_64 needs . libpng15.so 15 (PNG15_0) (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- 1 .x86_64 need libvpx.so. 1() (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- 1 .x86_64 need libxcb.so. 1 () (64bit) is VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- 1 .x86_64 need
When using the rpm package, on top of the error occurs, the lack of dependence, which is characteristic of linux, below we install dependencies:
yum -Y the install libGL libICE libsm libXcursor libXmu libxrender libXt the libpng the SDL libvpx the fontconfig Opus dependent libraries
Then you can directly install vbox (the abbreviated here) a
[the root @ localhost ~] # RPM -ivh VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64.rpm Warning: VirtualBox - 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 .x86_64.rpm: the DSA head V4 / SHAl the Signature, Key ID 98ab5139 : NOKEY preparation ################################# ... [ 100 % ] being upgraded / installation .. . . 1 : VirtualBox- 6.0 - 6.0 .8_130520_el7- . 1 ################################# [ 100 % ] Creating Group ' the vboxusers '. VM users must be member of that group! This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules. Please install the gcc make perl packages from your distribution. Please install the Linux kernel "header" files matching the current kernel for adding new hardware support to the system. The distribution packages containing the headers are probably: kernel-devel kernel-devel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules. Please install the gcc make perl packages from your distribution. Please install the Linux kernel "header" files matching the current kernel for adding new hardware support to the system. The distribution packages containing the headers are probably: kernel-devel kernel-devel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 There were problems setting up VirtualBox. To re-start the set-up process, run /sbin/vboxconfig as root. If your system is using EFI Secure Boot you may need to sign the kernel modules (vboxdrv, vboxnetflt, vboxnetadp, vboxpci) before you can load them. Please see your Linux system's documentation for more information.
Here, or the lack of something, reminds us that we support the linux kernel corresponding virtualization module is not added, but the addition of these modules has a corresponding dependence, resolve dependencies as follows:
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ kernel-devel
After installation is complete, run the following command to re-load the appropriate kernel module
[root@localhost ~]# vboxconfig vboxdrv.sh: Stopping VirtualBox services. vboxdrv.sh: Starting VirtualBox services. vboxdrv.sh: Building VirtualBox kernel modules.
In fact, when loading the appropriate module, I also see such a command on the official website of the tutorial, it is also possible.
rcvboxdrv setup
system core load the appropriate virtualization module, the specific cause of reference vbox official website of the manual.
2, install vagrant, this installation is not so much a question of directly execute the following command.
[root @ localhost ~] # RPM -ivh vagrant_2. 2 .5_x86_64.rpm preparation ... ############################ ##### [ 100 % ] being upgraded / installed ... . 1 : vagrant- . 1 : 2.2 . . 5 - . 1 ####################### ########## [ 100 %],
3, on the use of vagrant
Our help documentation
[root@localhost ~]# vagrant --help Usage: vagrant [options] <command> [<args>] -v, --version Print the version and exit. -h, --help Print this help. Common commands: box manages boxes: installation, removal, etc. cloud manages everything related to Vagrant Cloud destroy stops and deletes all traces of the vagrant machine global-status outputs status Vagrant environments for this user halt stops the vagrant machine help shows the help for a subcommand init initializes a new Vagrant environment by creating a Vagrantfile login package packages a running vagrant environment into a box plugin manages plugins: install, uninstall, update, etc. port displays information about guest port mappings powershell connects to machine via powershell remoting provision provisions the vagrant machine push deploys code in this environment to a configured destination rdp connects to machine via RDP reload restarts vagrant machine, loads new Vagrantfile configuration resume resume a suspended vagrant machine snapshot manages snapshots: saving, restoring, etc. ssh connects to machine via SSH ssh-config outputs OpenSSH valid configuration to connect to the machine status outputs status of the vagrant machine suspend suspends the machine up starts and provisions the vagrant environment upload upload to machine via communicator validate validates the Vagrantfile version prints current and latest Vagrant version winrm executes commands on a machine via WinRM winrm-config outputs WinRM configuration to connect to the machine For help on any individual command run `vagrant COMMAND -h` Additional subcommands are available, but are either more advanced or not commonly used. To see all subcommands, run the command `vagrant list-commands`.
The most commonly used command sequence:
vagrant box [url] download mirrors * .box
vagrant init box-name VM initialization, file creation vagrantfile
vagrant up the virtual machine
vagrant ssh remote connection virtual machine
vagrant halt off the virtual machine
vagrant destory delete a virtual machine
As the foreign box image download too difficult to use, often leads to the download fails, it is recommended Tsinghua source, the command is as follows:
the Add box HTTPS Vagrant: // mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-cloud-images/bionic/current/bionic-server-cloudimg-amd64-vagrant.box --name Ubuntu / Bionic download box virtual images
the init Ubuntu Vagrant / Bionic initialization image vagrant up the virtual machine Vagrant SSH connection virtual machine SSH Vagrant HALT off the virtual machine
Note: After the fact, here if you do not have the source of the box, it can also be downloaded through the browser to complete, copied to the centos, the initialization in the init, is also possible.
Here the basic installation is over.