Primary key id, Snowflake snow algorithm advantages: generating sequential id, to improve the performance of the database, as now most do not have primary keys uuid as irregular, one each insert data into the database has to be readjusted, so that database performance.
package com.example.demo.test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
public class SnowflakeIdFactory {
private final long twepoch = 1288834974657L;
private final long workerIdBits = 5L;
private final long datacenterIdBits = 5L;
private final long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits);
private final long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits);
private final long sequenceBits = 12L;
private final long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
private final long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
private final long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits;
private final long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits);
private long workerId;
private long datacenterId;
private long sequence = 0L;
private long lastTimestamp = -1L;
public SnowflakeIdFactory(long workerId, long datacenterId) {
if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
}
if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
}
this.workerId = workerId;
this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
}
public synchronized long nextId() {
long timestamp = timeGen();
if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
//服务器时钟被调整了,ID生成器停止服务.
throw new RuntimeException(String.format("Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp));
}
if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
if (sequence == 0) {
timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
}
} else {
sequence = 0L;
}
lastTimestamp = timestamp;
return ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) | (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift) | (workerId << workerIdShift) | sequence;
}
protected long tilNextMillis(long lastTimestamp) {
long timestamp = timeGen();
while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
timestamp = timeGen();
}
return timestamp;
}
protected long timeGen() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
public static void testProductIdByMoreThread(int dataCenterId, int workerId, int n) throws InterruptedException {
List<Thread> tlist = new ArrayList<>();
Set<Long> setAll = new HashSet<>();
CountDownLatch cdLatch = new CountDownLatch(10);
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
int threadNo = dataCenterId;
Map<String,SnowflakeIdFactory> idFactories = new HashMap<>();
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
//用线程名称做map key.
idFactories.put("snowflake"+i,new SnowflakeIdFactory(workerId, threadNo++));
}
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
Thread temp =new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Set<Long> setId = new HashSet<>();
SnowflakeIdFactory idWorker = idFactories.get(Thread.currentThread().getName());
for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
setId.add(idWorker.nextId());
}
synchronized (setAll){
setAll.addAll(setId);
//log.info("{}生产了{}个id,并成功加入到setAll中.",Thread.currentThread().getName(),n);
}
cdLatch.countDown();
}
},"snowflake"+i);
tlist.add(temp);
}
for(int j=0;j<10;j++){
tlist.get(j).start();
}
cdLatch.await();
long end1 = System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
//log.info("共耗时:{}毫秒,预期应该生产{}个id, 实际合并总计生成ID个数:{}",end1,10*n,setAll.size());
}
public static void testProductId(int dataCenterId, int workerId, int n){
SnowflakeIdFactory idWorker = new SnowflakeIdFactory(workerId, dataCenterId);
SnowflakeIdFactory idWorker2 = new SnowflakeIdFactory(workerId+1, dataCenterId);
Set<Long> setOne = new HashSet<>();
Set<Long> setTow = new HashSet<>();
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
setOne.add(idWorker.nextId());//加入set
}
long end1 = System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
//log.info("第一批ID预计生成{}个,实际生成{}个<<<<*>>>>共耗时:{}",n,setOne.size(),end1);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
setTow.add(idWorker2.nextId());//加入set
}
long end2 = System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
//log.info("第二批ID预计生成{}个,实际生成{}个<<<<*>>>>共耗时:{}",n,setTow.size(),end2);
setOne.addAll(setTow);
//log.info("合并总计生成ID个数:{}",setOne.size());
}
public static void testPerSecondProductIdNums(){
SnowflakeIdFactory idWorker = new SnowflakeIdFactory(1, 2);
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; System.currentTimeMillis()-start<1000; i++,count=i) {
/** 测试方法一: 此用法纯粹的生产ID,每秒生产ID个数为300w+ */
idWorker.nextId();
/** 测试方法二: 在log中打印,同时获取ID,此用法生产ID的能力受限于log.error()的吞吐能力.
* 每秒徘徊在10万左右. */
//log.error("{}",idWorker.nextId());
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis()-start;
System.out.println(end);
System.out.println(count);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
/** case1: 测试每秒生产id个数?
* 结论: 每秒生产id个数300w+ */
//testPerSecondProductIdNums();
/** case2: 单线程-测试多个生产者同时生产N个id,验证id是否有重复?
* 结论: 验证通过,没有重复. */
//testProductId(1,2,10000);//验证通过!
//testProductId(1,2,20000);//验证通过!
/** case3: 多线程-测试多个生产者同时生产N个id, 全部id在全局范围内是否会重复?
* 结论: 验证通过,没有重复. */
/*try {
testProductIdByMoreThread(1,2,100000);//单机测试此场景,性能损失至少折半!
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
*/
SnowflakeIdFactory factory = new SnowflakeIdFactory(1,2);
for(int i =0;i<10;i++){
System.out.println(factory.nextId());
}
}
}