Nginx study notes --- Services cluster

A cluster

1. What is a cluster

   Clustered server architecture: Responsive large concurrent multiple servers, and high-volume data access architecture system.

   Features:

   (1) high cost

   (2) the pressure can be reduced to a single server, using the average flow rate distribution to multiple servers

   (3) make the site more secure and stable services architecture

2. What is a server

   Server concept: to provide some kind of service or more features or a machine (computer)

3. Server Software

   Provide http / https protocol servers, websites, web access functionality

   The Apache : a veteran of the server software, multi-function cutting stability, support a variety of configurations, lamp

   nginx : simple installation compact, high concurrency, web server, proxy server, mail server, lnmp, domestic taobao customized version (tengine)

   IIS : Microsoft, ASP scripts, php can be used by fast-cgi (Network Interface service) way

   lighttpd : degiuo development software, compact, provide web services support

4. database

   Relational database (RDBMS): mysql, oracle (large commercial databases), mariadb (a branch of mysql), postgresql (University of California, Berkeley), sqlserver (Microsoft database), DB2 (IBM company), sqllite3 (mobile terminal --ios Andrews and use)

   Non-relational databases:

   memcached，Redis，MongoDB

5. Load Balancing

6. Server load balancing, distribute requests to different servers, the average flow rate distribution; referred to as a server crashes down

7. Static resource server storage resources, css, js, images, videos, usually the service will be hard (ssd, solid) fast read and write bandwidth greater

8. Reverse Proxy

   Proxy:

   For example, a need to access c, but not a direct access to c;

   (1) b can be accessed c, a B can be accessed;

   (2) a tell b, help access c, c the data back to a

9. High availability server

   High availability server for monitoring server load balancing, load balancing if once down, will take over the work load balancing servers, work continued distribution network

10. CDN content distribution

11. LAMP and LNMP

    lamp stands linux + apache + mysql + php

    lnmp stands for linux + nginx + mysql + php (referred to as the foreign like LEMP, search for information in English need to search LEMP)