OpenStack introductory science, it is enough to see this one!

OpenStack introductory science, it is enough to see this one!

From https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/35598437

 

Hello everyone, I am a king jujube.

In recent years, OpenStack word began to appear frequently, attracted more and more attention.

 

For most people, this is a very strange word, I do not know what it is in the end, come from, what's the use, and their work have anything to do.

 

Some people may know it and now cloud computing has a lot of very fire. Together emerged with it, there are many new words, such as NFV, Nova, Neutron, Horizon and so on, more people foggy.

 

In order to eliminate all the doubts, today jujube monarch came a "Big Secret" - through this science easy to understand text, help you ease of entry "OpenStack."

 

 

OpenStack of origin

 

Let's say it originated OpenStack.

 

In 2002, the famous American electricity supplier company Amazon (Amazon) did a "proper job" thing. They launched a new business customers - including storage, computing power and other resources services Web Service. This is the famous AWS (Amazon Web Service).

 

To put it plainly, this Web Service service, is to provide "remote computer" for everyone. You can remotely control it, hard disk, CPU, a memory of what there is. You configure your various services in the above, then give your users, such as Web sites, FTP and so on.

 

This is an early form of cloud computing.

Later, in 2006, Amazon launched Elastic Compute Cloud (Elastic Compute Cloud), also known as EC2.

EC2 configuration interface is simpler, easier to use, the key point, it began to have "flexibility"!

 

What is a "flexible"? Do not worry Ha, so will we explain.

 

Also in 2006, 9 August, Google CEO Eric Schmidt first proposed the "cloud computing" (Cloud Computing) concept in search engine conference. Since then, cloud computing has entered a stage of rapid development.

cloud computing

By 2010, when there is a company called Rackspace, Amazon and they have been doing the same cloud hosting and cloud storage services, but always dry, but Amazon, ranking second. They angrily, simply put their cloud storage services to open source.

Shajiao open source (Open Source)? Open source is open source, the code of the program are disclosed, free for everyone to see and use.

 

And together they open source, there is a guy, that --NASA.

 

Well, another "job" guy.

 

NASA previously invested heavily in cloud computing, but later found that this thing seems to be a bottomless pit, burn up too. Moreover, they seem to have realized that they should not do. So, NASA and Rackspace together, choose open source.

 

* In fact, there is a reason: before NASA is using Eucalyptus cloud computing management platform, but the platform is divided into two versions, an open source version, a version of the fee. This leads to very unhappy NASA, contributed code to Eucalyptus, Eucalyptus think the results of this code and version conflicts charges, do not accept. NASA to not angry, so I chose to open source code.

 

Rackspace and NASA is not simply a code that threw the bin, but to work together to set up an open source project. The project is OpenStack.

 

 

 

OpenStack version

 

Play open source projects, and internal R & D is completely different.

 

Open source project, anyone can think that this project contribute their efforts, the results can be used to develop this project on Earth. In other words, "All for one, one for all."

Open source (Open Source)

However, in order to ensure that the project can be standardized and orderly manner down, or need someone to "take the lead" and "odd jobs" are.

 

OpenStack as an open source project, it is by the open source community to be responsible for the promotion and maintenance.

 

The community is also not a mess, it has its own organizational form.

 

First, there is a OpenStack Foundation, set up a board of directors, the Technical Committee, the Commission user below. Foundation enjoys the right to speak, to boot goals and development.

Foundation members have three forms. The first is an independent entity, as OpenStack it in a personal capacity to contribute.

 

Followed by Platinum members. Primarily by the company to make an important commitment to OpenStack composition, they provide funding and resources.

Currently, OpenStack Foundation, there are seven Platinum members:

 

Finally, Gold member. By the same companies who sponsored funds and resources slightly less than platinum membership number.

Currently, OpenStack Foundation has 21 Gold Member:

 

From the date of birth 2010 project, OpenStack open source community every year, twice a Design Summit (Design Summit), released two official versions. To date, a total of 17 have been out version.

OpenStack Design Summit

Here I want to open the "Tucao" mode of. . .

 

The open source community to engage in a bunch rot female otaku technology, regardless of age, the heart is still a group of children. They usually work in the company more "Muji", this freedom in the community environment is a more than a "skin."

 

Where can I see it? In the "name" on - they even gave each version individually given a name. . . (But not the same as commercial software named in numerical sequence number)

 

Each version of the name as follows:

 

I do not know if you did not see it, these names are the "mystery" of!

First, a first version of the letter, starting at A and B, C, D ...

Secondly, every time when the names are from the Design Summit city selected a place, as the version name.

 

For example, the first version of Austin, is based Rackspace location of the company (also the first summit location) - the capital of Texas "Austin" determined.

There 9th edition, when the summit was held in Hong Kong, with the "Ice House Street" name.

 

A direct consequence of doing so is, memories and really hard to distinguish it easy to see faint. . .

 

 

 

OpenStack architecture

 

Next, we take a look at OpenStack architecture.

 

Said earlier, OpenStack from the beginning, is to cloud computing services. In simple terms, it is an operating system, a set of software, a set of IaaS software.

 

What is IaaS? Infrastructure as a Service, Infrastructure as a Service. (For more, see here: "cloud computing" )

Three cloud computing service models: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS

 

Management "infrastructure resources," user-friendly recall and use, is the primary task of OpenStack.

Infrastructure resources, mainly in three aspects: computing, storage, networking. He said the popular point is the CPU, hard disk, network card.

 

 

OpenStack management of resources, and to provide to the upper application or user to use as a service.

 

For example, in front of what we call "elasticity." It is precisely because resources can be flexibly called, so when the user uses resources, the cloud platform based on the user's needs, dynamic additions and substitutions resources, without interrupting users to use, even without a new application. This is the "elasticity."

 

So, in the end it is how to achieve it?

 

The answer is - through its many components.

 

 

In front of the high-energy warning ......

 

 

Learning OpenStack, the most painful thing, than to see its architecture.

Do not believe? Well, throw a map to show you:

OpenStack logical system architecture diagram

 

Urine scared of it. . .

 

This is not regarded as the most complex, and then throw one for you:

 

 

Well, well, do not throw the man had fled. . .

 

OpenStack has many components, working through collaborative between components, so it looks very complicated architecture.

 

I use a simple map it, to see more clearly some. as follows:

 

This figure inside colored blocks, is the most core components of OpenStack.

 

Speaking of names of these assemblies, I can not help but also Tucao bunch of programs ape, it is simply "named spree"! Not only do they get to each project version name alone, even openstack internal components could not escape their clutches. . .

Key components and action OpenStack

 

These components, I pick a few and then explain (read it does not matter, you can skip):

 

• Nova

Nova is a whole Openstack inside the core components. Rackspace and NASA had when contributing code, NASA contributions to that part of the code is the first Nova (Rackspace contributed code is Swift). Various actions required OpenStack cloud instances lifetime are handled by Nova and support, which is responsible for management of the entire cloud computing resources, network, and authorization measure.

 

• Keystone

Keystone provides authentication and access policies for all services OpenStack components, mainly (but not limited to) Swift, Glance, Nova and other authentication and authorization.

 

• Horizon

Horizon is to manage, control OpenStack services Web control panel. Users can view and manage the status of OpenStack through this interface.

With OpenStack Horizon Management

 

In other words, OpenStack components has its own functional orientation. In fact, each component can be regarded as a stand-alone program (Software).

 

 

Open to open meaning, Stack is piling up, that is a lot of Open Softwares be set and stuffing.

 

For technical details, we want to say it, say people had fled down an estimated friends. . .

 

 

 

Development of OpenStack

 

After eight years of efforts, today's OpenStack has shrunk.

 

Many businesses and individuals have joined Openstack the open source community, making it second only to the current LINUX world's second largest open source community.

 

According to the official website of the latest data, there are now more than 180 countries, 677 companies, 87 426 community members supported this project in various ways. The project code has more than 20 million lines.

 

More than half of the world's top 500 companies, have adopted the OpenStack technology. Moreover, according to the survey, more than 75% of companies plan to use this technology in the future.

OpenStack applications in various industries accounting (2017)

 

Jujube Wang Jun as a communication, in particular to emphasize here, although OpenStack cloud computing technology, mainly IT concept, but it is extremely important for the communications industry.

 

Communications network core network, has began the evolution of computing to virtualization and cloud. Before jujube on Jun introduced, now communications industry hot NFV technology, is based on virtualization, with a lot of ideas and design IT inside.

 

The core of the IT network, will be the first step in the communication system of IT.

 

Huawei and ZTE TECS FusionSphere platform platform, OpenStack is based on secondary development of business systems. These platforms have been adopted its own core network and cloud computing products, is currently in phase alternative to traditional platforms.

 

OpenStack was so popular, there are three main reasons:

 

The first is rapid. OpenStack installation time required to deploy small, and time is worth.

 

Second is flexible. OpenStack was broad support for the major leader, compatibility and strong applicability, ease of use and reliable.

 

Finally cheaper. As an open source project, OpenStack is relatively low cost, but also get a steady stream of updates, because the open source community vitality in contributions for the project.

 

All in all, Openstack has a very large potential for development, it is now in the rising period of rapid development. In the future for a long period of time, this trend will not change.

 

 

 

 

OpenStack learning

 

After the above description, surely we are excited to try it, right?

 

OpenStack so cattle breaking, in the end how to learn it? It looks so complicated, it will not be difficult to learn?

 

In fact, although the front to see the architecture is very complicated, but really want to learn OpenStack, then, I did not imagine so difficult.

 

Because OpenStack is an open source project, so the Internet-related study materials is very rich. Whether it is an official document, or unofficial data, they are numerous.

 

So, the problem is not lack of information, but too much data you endless ...

The official website a powerful database and technical support https://www.openstack.org/

 

There are many online documents and conduct hands-on video education, reference may be made convenient new study.

 

Recommended several large coffee, we can look at Baidu to find their blog: Chen Shaq, Heming Gui, Ling Yin, Cloudman.

 

With the official data, plus a large coffee blog, you only need a computer, you can start learning OpenStack - direct download, direct installation, configuration directly, directly, without any threshold requirement.

 

If you have problems, do not rush to find someone to ask, first try to find information to solve their own, will learn quickly whizzing.

 

 

However, although OpenStack entry is easy, but mastery will be very difficult. Take a long time continue to study and accumulation, but also requires a lot of practice to deploy, it is likely to become an expert.

 

OpenStack in the end what people need to learn it?

 

Jun jujube feel, there are three kinds of people most of it should begin learning immediately.

 

1, IT industry practitioners

It goes without saying, the future of the network is the cloud computing, big data world, as long as working in IT, and cloud will certainly deal, OpenStack cloud computing technology as a representative, is an appropriate starting point.

 

2, communications, electronics, computer science students

Cloud computing technology at present, most universities are not teaching the right planning, so college students should pay attention to learn of such technology trends ahead of time, is conducive to employment, but also to keep up with the rhythm of the times, select the appropriate direction of future studies.

 

3, the communications industry practitioners

And consequently do not say, people communicate quickly roll to learn it. . .

 

 

Well, on the introduction of OpenStack, on here, thank you for watching!