Simply put, Linux operating system is a UNIX operating system clone system, which was born in 1991, October 5 (this is the first official announcement of out time). And Microsoft windows, Apple mac os, Andrews on the phone is the same. Linux system with respect to ordinary people may be unfamiliar, mostly likely understand the Windows system. Because the Windows graphical user interface operation more simple, more easy to use, Windows occupy more of the market, while Linux is a command-line operating system is mainly for professional requirements are relatively high.
Linux system is stable, safe, strong concurrent processing capability, it is widely used in server applications, professional point of almost all Linux server systems. Linux is open source, free, and everyone can see Linux source code is free to use Linux, but Linux kernel dapper, even after some streamlining the size of only a few hundred K, so large national self-developed PC super computer operating system, as small as automotive systems, smart devices, internet of basic use of the Linux kernel, such as with Android is the Linux kernel.
The birth of Linux systems, the development and growth process is always dependent on what five pillars: UNIX system, MINIX system, GUN plan, POSIX standards and the Internet.
He said first have to say the origin of Linux systems UNIX systems.
UNIX operating system is the United States Bell Labs Ken.Thompson and Dennis Ritchie on a time-sharing operating system developed in the summer of 1969 on a DEC PDP-7 minicomputer. BCPL was using language, then use the C language was rewritten so that UNIX system has been widely used.
GNU Project was launched in 1984, made by the famous hacker Richard Stallman, GNU obtain the Free Software Foundation (FSF for Free Software Foundation) support, which is the main source of funding GNU purpose is to create a free UNIX system, the basic principle is that the source code sharing and idea sharing, create a completely free operating system, in addition to something other than hardware, like the operating system kernel, the kernel of the operating Shell, and then on top of all kinds of software should be free.
GUN Project need a free open-source operating system kernel, its writers is Linus Torvalds, Linux by Linus Torvalds released in October 1991 at the University of Helsinki in Finland, Linux can be said to be a clone of the UNIX operating system.
Many companies or associations kernel source code and related applications organization to form a complete operating system, so the average user can easily install and use Linux, which is called the release. For example, we often say that the REDHAT.
Linux distributions:
strictly speaking, Linux is only the kernel name, constantly organized and personal with a variety of system software and application software on the basis of the kernel, then release it for a variety of distributions, such as Ubuntu, Redhat, CentOS, Fedora, red Flag Linux, deepin and so on. Ubuntu which are graphically do better, CentOS in the server application is very wide. In addition, redhat are derived from Red Hat and CentOS, redhat is a fee-based version, Red Hat and CentOS is a contribution to the open source community to maintain version.
Features:
1.Linux free system, many programmers essence of the world, and continues to grow.
2. Multi-user, multi-tasking system. Affected each other.
3. A good user interface, text and graphical interfaces.
4. Supports multiple file systems.
The variety of network functions.
6. reliable security system.
7. good portability.
TA: Madina
Reprinted: http://www.ie-lab.cn/