" Block chain 2.0 " series of articles discusses since 2008-bit encryption coins and other monetary advent of technology development block chain. This article will explore the future development of the block chain. Block chain 3.0 The new DLT (Distributed books classification technology Distributed Ledger Technology) will answer questions the evolution of the wave of the current block chain faces (every problem will be summarized here). The next version of the technology standard will also bring new applications and use cases. At the end of this article, we will look at some of the cases currently using these principles.
Here are a few drawbacks of the prior block chain platform, and gives recommendations for solutions to these shortcomings.
Question 1: Scalability
This problem [1] it is considered the first major obstacle to widespread adoption of the technology. As previously discussed, many factors limit the ability to block chain to handle a large number of transactions. Such as Ethernet Square, like the existing network can be 10-15 per transaction (TPS), while the mainstream network like Visa can be used by more than 2,000 transactions per second. Scalability is plagued by problems of all modern database systems. As we have seen here, improved consensus algorithm and better block chain architecture are improving it.
Solve scalability
It has been made more streamlined, more effective consensus algorithm to solve the scalability problem, and will not affect the main structure of the block chain. While most encryption currency and block chain platform to generate block PoW use resource-intensive algorithms (for example, Bitcoin and Ethernet Square), but there is a newer DPoS and PoET algorithm to solve this problem. DPoS and PoET algorithm (and some under development) requires fewer resources to maintain the block chain, and has been shown to have a throughput of up to 1000 TPS, comparable with popular non-block chain system.
Scalability issues a second solution is to completely change the block chain structures and functions. We will not detail it, but have been proposed, such as directed acyclic graph Directed alternative architectures Acyclic Graph (DAG) and the like to deal with this problem. In essence, the working assumption that not all network nodes need to copy the entire block chain to make the block chain to work, or not all participants need to benefit from DLT system. The system does not require all participants to verify the transaction, the transaction need only occur in a common frame of reference and linked to each other.
Bitcoin system used in the lightning network Lightning network to achieve the DAG, and Ethernet Square using their slice Sharding protocol to achieve DAG. Essentially, from a technical perspective DAG not realize block chain. It is more like a complex maze, but still retains the point and distributed database attributes block chain. We'll explore the DAG and Tangle network in another article.
Question 2: Interoperability
Interoperability [2] [3] is referred to as inter-chain access, refers to substantially communicate with one another to exchange between different block chains and index information. Because there are countless number of platforms, the company offers a variety of different proprietary systems for various applications, interoperability between platforms is crucial. For example, people currently have a digital identity on a platform other platforms can not take advantage of features offered, because each block chain are unaware of each other, can not communicate. This is due to the lack of reliable verification issues related to token exchange still exist. If you can not communicate with each other, between the global launch platform for smart contract it is not feasible.
To solve interoperability
There are a number of protocols and platforms designed for interoperability and design. The platform of the atomic exchange protocol, and to provide different opening scene block chain system for communication and exchange of information between them. "0x (ZRX)" is an example of them, it will be described later.
Question 3: Governance
Public governance in the chain [4] itself is not a limitation, but rather like a community of moral compass, consider everyone's opinion in the operation of the block chain. Combine the look and scale, we could have foreseen such a problem that either the protocol change too frequently, or have the most token protocol is "central" authority under the spur of the moment changes. But this is not the most common block chain is currently trying to avoid the issue because of its operational scale and nature of operations do not need tighter regulation.
Addressing governance issues
Complex framework or DAG mentioned above can almost eliminate the need and use of the (platform range) of global governance regulations. Instead, the program can automatically Oversight Services and user types, and legal decisions need to be performed.
Question 4: Sustainability
Sustainability is based on the scalability problem again. The current block chain and encryption currency due to the long-term sustainability and the times were not criticized, because still need a lot of supervision, and require a lot of resources to keep the system running. If you've read recently, "digging encryption currency" reports have not such a big profit, you know, "mining" profit is its true colors. The amount of resources needed to maintain the existing platform to run simply not practical in terms of scope and global mainstream use.
Solve the problem of unsustainability
From a resource or economic point of view, the sustainability of answers with similar scalability. However, to implement this system, laws and regulations on a global scale must be recognized. However, this depends on governments around the world. Favorable initiatives from the US and European governments have renewed hope in this regard.
Question 5: user adoption
At present, widely used to prevent consumers [5] Based on an obstacle to the application of the block chain of consumer technology and its underlying platform are not familiar with. In fact, most applications require some sort of technology and computing background to figure out how they work, this does not help in this regard. Third Wave block chain development aimed at bridging the gap between consumer knowledge and platform availability.
Solve the problem of user adoption
Internet took a long time to develop into what it is today. Over the years, a lot of people in the development of Internet technology stack standardization work, the Web can operate this way as they are now. Developers are developing a user-facing front end of distributed applications, these applications should as a layer over the prior art Web 3.0, while the following block chain and open protocol support. Such distributed applications will allow users more familiar with the underlying technology to increase mainstream adoption.
In the current scenario of the application
We have discussed a solution to the above problem in theory, now we will continue to demonstrate the application of these methods in the current scene.
- 0x - is a decentralized token exchange, users on different platforms can exchange token without the need for a central authority review. Their breakthrough lies in how they design the system so that only the records in the transaction before settlement and review of data blocks, instead of the usual conduct (To verify the context, will usually verify the data block before the transaction) between transactions. This makes the online digital asset could be exchanged more quickly.
- Cardano - created by one of the co-founder of the Ethernet Square, Cardano truly a self-proclaimed "scientific" platforms, and uses a strict protocol, code and algorithms developed for a number of review. All content Cardano are mathematically possible optimized. Their consensus algorithm called the Ouroboros , is an improved proof of interest Proof of Stake (PoS) algorithm. Cardano is haskell developed intelligent engine contract haskell use of derivatives plutus operate. Both of which are functional programming languages, you can ensure secure transactions without compromising efficiency.
- EOS - We have in this article are described in EOS.
- COTI - a little-known architecture, COTI does not require mining, but also approaches zero power consumption during operation. It will also assets stored in an offline wallet on the local user equipment, rather than stored on a pure peer network. They also follow a DAG-based architecture, and claims processing throughput of up to 10000 TPS. Their platform allows enterprises to establish their own currency encryption and digital currency wallet without the use of block chain.
via: www.ostechnix.com/welcoming-b…
Author: SK topics: lujun9972 Translator: murphyzhao proofread: wxy
This article from the LCTT original compiler, Linux China is proud
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