HarmonyOS architecture
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1. Hongmeng system positioning
HarmonyOS is a brand new distributed operating system for the era of Internet of Everything.
Based on the traditional single-device system capabilities, HarmonyOS proposes a distributed concept based on the same system capabilities and adapted to multiple terminal forms. It can support mobile phones, tablets, smart wearables, smart screens, cars, PCs, smart speakers, A variety of terminal devices such as headsets and AR/VR glasses provide business capabilities in all scenarios (mobile office, sports and health, social communication, media entertainment, etc.).
System functions are expanded step by step according to "System > Subsystem > Function/Module". In a multi-device deployment scenario, some non-essential subsystems or functions/modules are supported according to actual needs.
2. The overall architecture complies with layered design
HarmonyOS adopts a layered hierarchical design as a whole, from bottom to top: kernel layer, system service layer, framework layer and application layer.
The technical architecture of HarmonyOS is as follows:
- Kernel layer: Hongmeng system is divided into kernel subsystem and Drive subsystem. In the kernel subsystem, Hongmeng system adopts a multi-core design to support the selection of appropriate OS kernels for different resource-limited devices; the Hongmeng system driver framework is the basis for the openness of the Hongmeng system hardware ecosystem. It provides unified peripheral access capabilities and driver development and management. frame.
Kernel subsystem: HarmonyOS adopts multi-kernel design to support the selection of appropriate OS kernels for different resource-constrained devices.
Kernel Abstract Layer (KAL, Kernel Abstract Layer) provides basic kernel capabilities to the upper layer by shielding multi-core differences, including process/thread management, memory management, file system, network management and peripheral management, etc.
Driver subsystem: Hardware Driver Framework (HDF) is the foundation of the open hardware ecosystem of HarmonyOS, providing unified peripheral access capabilities and driver development and management frameworks.
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System service layer: The system service layer is the core capability set of Hongmeng system, which provides services to applications through the framework layer. It includes four parts: the system's basic capability subsystem set, basic software service subsystem set, enhanced software service subsystem set, and hardware service subsystem set.
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Application framework layer: The framework layer provides multi-language user program frameworks and Ability frameworks such as Java/C/C++/JS, as well as various software and hardware services for Hongmeng system applications. The open multi-language framework API also provides C/C++/JS and other multi-language framework APIs for electronic devices equipped with Hongmeng system.
Bold style -
Application layer: The application layer includes system applications and third-party non-system applications. Hongmeng system applications are composed of one or more FA or PA.
3. Technical features of HarmonyOS
- Distributed architecture is used in terminal OS for the first time, achieving seamless collaborative experience across terminals
Harmony OS’s “distributed OS architecture” features distributed soft bus, distributed data management, Four major capabilities, including distributed task scheduling and virtual peripherals, shield application developers from the implementation difficulties of the underlying technology of corresponding distributed applications, allowing developers to focus on their own business logic and develop the same Develop cross-terminal distributed applications as well as terminals, allowing end consumers to enjoy the seamless experience brought by powerful cross-terminal business collaboration capabilities for various usage scenarios. - The deterministic delay engine and high-performance IPC technology realize the natural smoothness of the system
The deterministic delay engine can assign the task execution priority and time limit in the system for scheduling processing before task execution, giving priority to High-level task resources will be prioritized for scheduling, and application response latency will be reduced by 25.7%. The compact structure of Hongmeng microkernel greatly improves IPC (inter-process communication) performance, and process communication efficiency is increased by 5 times compared with existing systems. - Reshaping the trusted security of terminal devices based on microkernel architecture
For an introduction to microkernel architecture, please refer to: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41273999/article/details/ 133957987
Harmony OS adopts a new microkernel design, with stronger security features and low latency.
The system security of the Harmony OS architecture is mainly reflected in the distributed terminals equipped with HarmonyOS, which can ensure that "the right people, through the right devices, use the data correctly." Here, the "correct person" is ensured through "distributed multi-terminal collaborative identity authentication", the "correct device" is ensured through "building a trusted operating environment on distributed terminals", and the "process of distributed data flowing across terminals" "Category and hierarchical management of data" to ensure "correct use of data." - Support one-time development and multi-terminal deployment through a unified IDE to achieve cross-terminal ecological sharing
4. HarmonyOS has three major features
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Devices equipped with this operating system are integrated at the system level to form a super terminal, so that the hardware capabilities of the device can be flexibly expanded, enabling hardware mutual assistance and resource sharing between devices.
For consumers, HarmonyOS can integrate the capabilities of various terminals in life scenarios, achieve rapid connection, mutual assistance, and resource sharing between different terminal devices, and match appropriate devices, Provide a smooth full-scenario experience. -
is for developers, enabling one-time development and multi-deployment.
For application developers, HarmonyOS uses a variety of distributed technologies to make application development independent of the differences in the form of different terminal devices, allowing developers to focus on upper-level business logic, making it more convenient and Develop applications efficiently. -
A set of operating systems can meet the needs of devices with different capabilities, achieving unified OS and flexible deployment.
For device developers, HarmonyOS adopts a component-based design solution that can be flexibly tailored according to the resource capabilities and business characteristics of the device to meet the operating system requirements of different types of terminal devices.
Postscript: What is the meaning of the name Hongmeng?
According to Chinese myths and legends, before Pangu created the world, the world was a mass of chaotic vitality. This natural vitality was called Hongmeng.
In Zhuangzi's "You", "Hongmeng" is an immortal, an ancient god who created the vitality of heaven and earth. But in other myths and legends, the word "Hongmeng" has richer connotations. In the myths and legends of later generations, the word "Hongmeng" was extended to an ancient period, or the chaotic period before the creation of heaven and earth. From this we can see Huawei’s pursuit when applying for this trademark.
Therefore, from the perspective of entire history, "Hongmeng" can be said to be the beginning of heaven and earth and the beginning of the world's Taiyuan. Hongmeng nurtures everything, is the beginning of all good things, and is the source of creation. Therefore, Huawei named its operating system "Hongmeng", which symbolizes its beautiful belief in independent research and development, creating a new era, and becoming the source.
Huawei dares to be the first in the world and dare to open up the world. With "Hongmeng" and their own beliefs and innovative spirit, they have become leaders in the technology industry. Of course, Huawei's "Hongmeng" is more than just a name. It contains the company's philosophy and culture, and represents Huawei's progress and innovation in the field of technology. It can be said that "Hongmeng" is not only Huawei's operating system, but also a symbol and a symbol of an era. It represents Huawei's spirit of not being afraid of difficulties and being brave in innovation, and also represents the rise and growth of Chinese technology companies.
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Column:System Architect