One: Create a blank form that can be closed
#Import required modules
import sys
import pygame
# Define a general game management class
class GameManage:
def __init__(self):
# 初始化
pygame.init()
# 建立一个大小为600*600的屏幕（大小根据需求设置）
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((600, 600))# 定义一个check_eventMethod is used to block events and close the window when a "QUIT" event is detected
def check_event(self):
# 阻塞事件
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
# 关闭窗体
pygame.quit()
# 退出系统
sys.exit()# runThe method is the main loop of the game. It continuously calls the check_event method, plus flip(). Every time a new function is added, the canvas can be updated
def run(self):
while True:
self.check_event()
# 更新画布
pygame.display.flip()
# Call gm instance
# 调用实例
gm = GameManage()
gm.run()At this point, we can make a blank black form, as shown below.
Next, add a background to the black form.
2. Use sprite pictures to display the background and loop the background infinitely
# First define a basic elf class to manage all elves, and define a background elf class below.
class BaseSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self,name):
super().__init__()
self.image = pygame.image.load(name)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()# Define a background sprite class
class BGSprite(BaseSprite):
def __init__(self,name,top_left):
super().__init__(name)
self.rect.topleft = top_left
# The background class defines an update method for updating the background sprite
def update(self):
self.rect.top += 1
if self.rect.top >= 700:
self.rect.top = -700# Define a background management class for adding background sprite pictures
class BGManage:
def __init__(self,gm):
# 调用GameManage的实例
self.gm = gm
# 建一个背景精灵组
self.bg_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
BGSprite("images/img.png",(0,0)).add(self.bg_group)
BGSprite("images/img.png",(0,-700)).add(self.bg_group)# Add an update method below the background management class to update and add the sprite picture group to the screen.
def update(self):
self.bg_group.update()
self.bg_group.draw(self.gm.screen)# Add an instance of the background management class under the def__init__ method of the game general management class for easy calling
self.bg_manage = BGManage(self)# Add self.bg_manage.update() below the run method of GameManage to update the background
self.bg_manage.update()# The picture below shows the running effect. You can see that the background screen is continuously updated in a loop.
# Since the frame rate is too fast, we can set the frame rate with it
# Call the frame rate setting under def __init__ of GameManage
# 设置帧频
self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()# And set the frame rate size under run of GameManage
self.clock.tick(200)3. Use sprite pictures to set up players, players can move
#Set the player sprite class
class PlayerSprite(BaseSprite):
def __init__(self,name,center,gm):
super().__init__(name)
self.rect.center = center
# 定义玩家速度
self.speed = 1
self.gm = gm
def update(self):
# 定义上下左右移动按键
key_pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
# and 后面设置边界
if key_pressed[pygame.K_LEFT] and self.rect.left > 0:
self.rect.left -= self.speed
if key_pressed[pygame.K_RIGHT] and self.rect.right < 480:
self.rect.right += self.speed
if key_pressed[pygame.K_UP] and self.rect.top > 0:
self.rect.top -= self.speed
if key_pressed[pygame.K_DOWN] and self.rect.bottom < 700:
self.rect.bottom += self.speed#Set player management class
class PlayerManage:
def __init__(self,gm):
self.gm = gm
self.player_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
# 导入玩家图片
self.player = PlayerSprite("images/me1.png",(240,650),self.gm)
self.player.add(self.player_group)
def update(self):
self.player_group.update()
self.player_group.draw(self.gm.screen)# Add an instance of the player management class under the def__init__ method of the game general management class for easy calling
self.player_manage = PlayerManage(self)# Add self.bg_manage.update() below the run method of GameManage to update the background
self.player_manage.update()# Player aircraft is implemented as shown in the figure
4. Use elves to display props, and detect collisions between players and props
# Define prop class
class PropSprite(BaseSprite):
def __init__(self,name,speed,type):
super().__init__(name)
self.rect.left = random.randint(0,480 - self.rect.width)
self.rect.bottom = 0
self.speed = 1
self.type = type
def update(self):
self.rect.top += self.speed
if self.rect.top > 700:
self.kill()#Define prop management class
class PropManage:
def __init__(self,gm):
self.gm = gm
self.prop_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.time_count = 5
def generate(self):
value = random.random()
if value > 0.7:
PropSprite("images/bomb_supply.png", 8, 1).add(self.prop_group)
elif value > 0.4:
PropSprite("images/bullet_supply.png", 8, 2).add(self.prop_group)
else:
PropSprite("images/life.png", 8, 3).add(self.prop_group)
def update(self):
self.time_count -= 0.1
if self.time_count <= 0:
self.time_count = 5
self.generate()
self.prop_group.update()
self.prop_group.draw(self.gm.screen)# Add an instance of the prop management class under the def__init__ method of the game general management class for easy calling
self.prop_manage = PropManage(self)#Add self.prop_manage.update() below the run method of GameManage to update the background
self.prop_manage.update()# At this time, the prop class can appear on the screen, and then the collision between the player and the prop can be realized
# Define a check_collider method under game management to realize collision between players and props
def check_collider(self):
player_prop_collider = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(self.player_manage.player_group, self.prop_manage.prop_group,
False, True)# Remember to call the check_collider function below run
self.check_collider()5. Usage of UI (fonts, mouse click detection)
#Define a detection event
class Util:
@staticmethod
def click_check(sprite):
"""
精灵的点击检测
"""
if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0]:
if sprite.rect.collidepoint(pygame.mouse.get_pos()):
return True
return False# Define a UI wizard class
class UISprite(BaseSprite):
"""
UI精灵类
"""
def __init__(self, name, center):
super().__init__(name)
self.rect.center = center#Define a UI management class
class UIManage:
def __init__(self, gm):
self.gm = gm
# UI字体
self.font = pygame.font.Font("font/font.ttf", 32)
# 开始前UI元素
self.ready_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.begin_btn = UISprite("images/resume_nor.png", (300, 300))
self.begin_btn.add(self.ready_group)
# 游戏中UI元素
self.score_surface = self.font.render(f"Score:{0}", True, "#FF4500")
# 游戏结束UI元素
self.end_group = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.replay_btn = UISprite("images/again.png", (300, 300))
self.replay_btn.add(self.end_group)
def update(self):
if self.gm.state == "ready":
# print("更新未开始游戏UI")
self.ready_group.draw(self.gm.screen)
if Util.click_check(self.begin_btn):
self.gm.state = "gaming"
elif self.gm.state == "gaming":
# print("更新游戏中UI")
self.gm.screen.blit(self.score_surface, (350, 20))
elif self.gm.state == "end":
# print("更新游戏结束UI")
self.end_group.draw(self.gm.screen)
self.gm.prop_manage.prop_group.empty()
if Util.click_check(self.replay_btn):
self.gm.state = "gaming"
self.gm.player_manage.birth()# Add status in GameManage
# 定义初始化状态
self.state = "ready"#Add state after collision
def check_collider(self):
player_prop_collider = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(self.player_manage.player_group, self.prop_manage.prop_group,
True, False)
if player_prop_collider:
self.state = 'end'# If status, update and draw
if self.state == 'gaming':
self.player_manage.update()
self.prop_manage.update()# The game state is realized as shown in the figure
The above are some processes for making simple games in pygame. More functions can be achieved by adding classes.