Table of contents
Current status of Linux enterprise applications
Nowadays, computers have been used in all aspects of our lives. The laptops we use daily are a type of computer that can solve many problems we encounter in our lives. We can run our computers and get our answers just by performing simple operations. of
What is the secret behind this operation? This has to start with the birth of the computer
The product of World War II military industry - the first modern electronic digital computer ENIAC (ENIAC)
The idea of developing an electronic computer arose during the Second World War. At that time, fierce fighting was going on, and the weapons and equipment of various countries were still very poor. The main strategic weapons were aircraft and cannons. Therefore, it was very necessary and urgent to develop new cannons and missiles. To this end, the U.S. Army Ordnance established the "Ballistic Research Laboratory" in Aberdeen, Maryland.
The U.S. military requires the laboratory to provide the Army Artillery Force with 6 launch tables every day for technical evaluation of missile development. In fact, hundreds of ballistics need to be calculated for each shot table, and the mathematical model of each ballistic is a very complex set of nonlinear equations. There is no way to find exact solutions to these equations, so numerical methods can only be used to calculate them approximately.
However, even using numerical methods to approximate the solution is not an easy task! According to the calculation tools at that time, even if the laboratory hired more than 200 calculators to work overtime, it would take more than two months to calculate a radiograph. In the war era where "time is victory", how could such a slow speed be possible? I'm afraid that even before advanced weapons are developed, defeat is already certain.
In order to change this unfavorable situation, John Mauchly, who was then working at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania, proposed the initial idea of trial-producing the first electronic computer in 1942 - "a high-speed tube computing device". Using", it is expected to replace relays with electronic tubes to increase the calculation speed of the machine.
Until the birth of the computer was announced in the United States on February 14, 1946. At the beginning of its birth, the computer simply used hardware switches to perform data input and output calculations. Therefore, in order to operate the computer more conveniently, people developed the software to control the computer - the operating system. The mainstream operating system is Unix.
Unix
The father of Linux-Ken Thompson and the father of C language-Dennis Ritchie
Unix was completed in one month by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie using assembly language. As time went by, Dennis Ritchie invented the C language. Since the two were friends, they completed Unix in C language. Until the beginning of computers, we were doing numerical calculations. However, because computers were very expensive, they were used in military industry or academic research. At that time, computers were used in some prestigious universities.
Linus Benedict Torvalds, a graduate student at the University of Helsinki , felt that he could write it after being exposed to the Unix operating system at school. Because computers were very expensive at the time, the operating system There will also be a charge
I wanted to design a free operating system, so I used C language to write my own operating system - Linux (Linux is not Unix) and open sourced it. So Linux is an open source operating system written in C language.
The father of Linux - Linus Benedikt Torvalds
Linux
Because it is free and open source, it has been quickly applied to various industries. With the development of the times, various electronic products such as computers, mobile phones, TVs, etc. have emerged, and many operating systems have emerged, such as: Windows, mac, but these operating systems are all It is closed source and has shortcomings such as relative instability, relative insecurity, and relatively poor maintenance. It is difficult to be widely used. Because Linux is open source and maintained by top engineers from all over the world, it is relatively safe, relatively stable, and relatively well maintained. , is widely used in various industries and enterprises. For example, the kernel of the Android operating system we are familiar with is Linux. Until now, many large enterprises also use the Linux operating system. These large enterprises may be where we work in the future, so this is also Why should we learn the Linux operating system.
Current status of Linux enterprise applications
The Development of Linux in the Server Field
As open source software becomes more and more influential around the world, the Linux server operating system occupies an increasing share of the entire server operating system market and has formed a large-scale market application situation. . And maintain a rapid growth rate. Especially in key national fields such as government, finance, agriculture, transportation, and telecommunications. In addition, considering the rapid growth of Linux and the support of relevant national policies, Linux server products will definitely be able to impact the larger server market. According to statistics from authoritative departments, Linux currently occupies 75% of the market share in the server field. At the same time, the rapid rise of Linux in the server market has attracted great attention from the global IT industry and has become the backbone of the server operating system field with strong momentum. strength.
The Development of Linux in the Desktop Field
In recent years, especially in the domestic market, the development trend of Linux desktop operating systems has been very rapid.
The Linux desktop operating system launched by domestic system software manufacturers such as Kirin Linux, Hongqi Linux, and Deepin Linux has been widely used in government, enterprises, OEM and other fields. In addition, SUSE and Ubuntu have also launched Linux-based desktop systems, especially Ubuntu Linux, which has accumulated a large number of community users. However, from the perspective of the overall function and performance of the system, there is still a certain gap between the Linux desktop system and the Windows series, mainly in terms of system ease of use, system management, software and hardware compatibility, and software richness.
The Development of Linux in the Mobile Embedded Field
Linux's low cost, powerful customization capabilities, and good portability have made Linux widely used in embedded systems. Currently, Linux is widely used in mobile phones, tablets, routers, TVs, and Electronic game consoles and other fields. The Android operating system widely used on mobile devices is built on the Linux kernel. At present, Android has become the most popular smartphone operating system in the world. According to the latest statistics from authoritative departments in 2015, the global market share of Android operating system has reached 84.6%.
In addition, Cisco also uses customized Linux in network firewalls and routers, and Alibaba Cloud has also developed a Linux-based
operating system "YunOS", which can be used for smartphones, tablets, and Internet TVs; common digital video recorders, stage Lighting control systems are gradually being implemented using customized versions of Linux, and all this is due to the power of Linux and open source.
The development of Linux in the field of cloud computing/big data
The rapid development of the Internet industry has promoted the formation and rapid development of cloud computing and big data industries. As a platform based on open source software, cloud computing and big data occupy the core advantage; according to Linux According to the foundation's research, 86% of enterprises have used Linux operating systems to build cloud computing and big data platforms. Currently, Linux has begun to replace Unix as the most popular operating system for cloud computing and big data platforms.
This article about the birth of Linux ends here. In the next article, I will show you how to build a Linux system, so stay tuned! !