How to solve Python web page request timeout

When working on a web crawler project, we often need to send a large number of requests to obtain the required data. However, due to the instability of the network environment, the request may fail due to timeout. Request timeout may result in incomplete data acquisition, affecting the efficiency and accuracy of the crawler. In addition, frequent request timeouts may be considered malicious behavior by the target website, resulting in IP bans or other restrictions. To ensure data integrity and accuracy, we need to handle these timeouts.
In order to solve the timeout problem when retrying the request, we can take the following solutions:

1. Set an appropriate timeout: When sending a request, set a reasonable timeout to avoid waiting too long.
2. Use the retry mechanism: When the request times out, we can use the retry mechanism to resend the request to ensure data integrity.
3. Use a proxy: By using a proxy server, we can change the exit IP of the request, thereby reducing the possibility of request timeout.

Case analysis and solutions: The following is a case analysis that shows how to deal with the timeout problem that occurs when retrying a request, and provides corresponding code examples: In Python's requests library, you can specify the timeout by setting the timeout
parameter time. For example, set the timeout to 5 seconds:

python

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import requests

url = "http://example.com"
response = requests.get(url, timeout=5)

Use Python's retrying library to implement the retry mechanism.

python

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from retrying import retry
import requests

@retry(stop_max_attempt_number=3, wait_fixed=2000)
def send_request(url):
    response = requests.get(url, timeout=5)
    return response

url = "http://example.com"
response = send_request(url)

How to use a proxy to reduce the possibility of request timeout, here we use Python's requests library to set the proxy. Here is a sample code:

python

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import requests
#代理参数由亿牛云提供
proxyHost = "u6205.5.tp.16yun.cn"
proxyPort = "5445"
proxyUser = "16QMSOML"
proxyPass = "280651"

proxies = {
    "http": f"http://{proxyUser}:{proxyPass}@{proxyHost}:{proxyPort}",
    "https": f"https://{proxyUser}:{proxyPass}@{proxyHost}:{proxyPort}"
}

url = "http://example.com"
response = requests.get(url, proxies=proxies, timeout=5)

Solving the request timeout problem through the above solution can ensure that the crawled data is completely protected from data loss or errors, which can improve the efficiency of the crawler, reduce waiting time, and obtain the required data faster. It can improve the user experience and ensure that users can smoothly obtain the data they need.