Table of contents:
- introduction
- Introduction to Qt
- 常见控件
3.1 QLabel
3.2 QLineEdit
3.3 QPushButton
3.4 QComboBox
3.5 QCheckBox
3.6 QRadioButton
3.7 QSlider
3.8 QProgressBar
3.9 QTextEdit
3.10 QTableView - Layout options
4.1 QVBoxLayout
4.2 QHBoxLayout
4.3 QGridLayout
4.4 QFormLayout
4.5 QStackedLayout
4.6 QTabWidget - Common properties
5.1 Set text properties
5.2 Set size properties
5.3 Set color properties
5.4 Set layout properties
5.5 Set event properties
5.6 Set style properties - in conclusion
1 Introduction
Introduction:
Qt is a powerful cross-platform application development framework that is widely used in graphical user interface (GUI) development. It provides a rich set of controls and layout options, as well as various properties and methods, allowing developers to easily create fully functional, easy-to-use applications.
In Qt design, controls are the basic elements for building user interfaces. They are used to display information, receive user input, trigger operations, etc. Qt provides many common controls, such as labels, buttons, text boxes, drop-down lists, etc. Each control has its own unique functions and properties.
In addition to controls, layout options are also an integral part of Qt design. Layout options are used to manage the position and size of controls, allowing the interface to automatically adapt to different window sizes and resolutions. Qt provides a variety of layout options, such as vertical layout, horizontal layout, grid layout, etc. Developers can choose the appropriate layout method according to their needs.
Properties are representations of the characteristics and behavior of controls and layouts, and they can be used to adjust appearance, size, style, and more. Qt provides various properties, such as text properties, size properties, color properties, layout properties, etc. Developers can customize the controls and layout according to their needs to achieve the required interface effects.
In this blog, we will introduce in detail the common controls, layout options and properties in Qt design. We will discuss the functions and usage of each control one by one, introduce the characteristics and applicable scenarios of various layout options, and how to set and use properties to personalize and optimize the interface. By learning and understanding these contents, readers will be able to better use the Qt framework for application design and development.
Next, let's deeply explore the common controls in Qt design, understand their characteristics and usage, and how to use layout options and properties to build a beautiful and flexible user interface.
2. Introduction to Qt
Qt is a cross-platform application development framework developed by Qt Company. It provides a rich set of tools and features for developing graphical user interface (GUI) applications. Qt is written in C++ and provides bindings for multiple languages, such as Python, Java, etc., allowing developers to use the same code on different operating systems. Qt's design philosophy is "write once, run anywhere", which means developers can deploy their applications on different platforms, including Windows, macOS, Linux, etc.
3. Common controls
In Qt, there are many common controls that can be used to build user interfaces. Here are some common controls and their functions:
3.1 QLabel
QLabel is a control used to display text or images. It can be used to display static text or used with other controls. Developers can set properties such as text, fonts, colors, etc., and can also display images by setting pictures.
3.2 QLineEdit
QLineEdit is a single-line text input box control used to receive user-entered text. It supports multiple input modes such as normal text, passwords, numbers, etc. Developers can set input restrictions, validators, prompt information and other attributes to meet different needs.
3.3 QPushButton
QPushButton is a common button control used to trigger actions or perform specific functions. By setting attributes such as text, icons, and shortcut keys, you can make buttons have richer expressions. Buttons can also respond to mouse click events, and developers can bind specific slot functions to buttons to implement customized behaviors.
3.4 QComboBox
QComboBox is a drop-down list control used to select a value from predefined options. Developers can add options, set default values, listen for selection changes, and more. QComboBox also supports custom models so that the content of options can be loaded dynamically.
3.5 QCheckBox
QCheckBox is a check box control used to represent a binary selection state. The user can check or uncheck the checkbox. Developers can set the initial state, listen for state change events, and execute corresponding logic based on the state.
3.6 QRadioButton
QRadioButton is a radio button control used to select one from a set of mutually exclusive options. Developers can put multiple QRadioButtons in the same group and only allow users to select one of them. Similar to QCheckBox, developers can listen to selection change events and process corresponding logic.
3.7 QSlider
QSlider is a slider control used to select a value within a range of values. Users can select a value by dragging the slider or click a location on the slider to make a quick selection. Developers can set the range and step size
and initial value, and listen for value change events.
3.8 QProgressBar
QProgressBar is a progress bar control used to display the progress of tasks. Developers can set minimum and maximum progress values and update the progress values through code. QProgressBar also supports animation effects to enhance user experience.
3.9 QTextEdit
QTextEdit is a multiline text editor control used to display and edit multiline text. Developers can set text content, fonts, styles and other attributes, and listen to text change events. QTextEdit also supports rich text formats such as bold, italics, underline, lists, etc.
3.10 QTableView
QTableView is a table view control used to display two-dimensional data. Developers can set attributes such as data model, table header, number of rows and columns, and customize the display method of cells. QTableView also supports sorting, filtering, editing and other functions, making the display and operation of data more flexible.
4. Layout options
In Qt, layouts are used to manage the position and size of controls. Some common layout options are described below:
4.1 QVBoxLayout
QVBoxLayout is a vertical layout that arranges controls vertically. Developers can use addLayout(), addWidget() and other methods to add controls to the layout, and can also set the alignment and stretchability of the controls.
4.2 QHBoxLayout
QHBoxLayout is a horizontal layout that arranges controls horizontally. Similar to QVBoxLayout, developers can use addLayout(), addWidget() and other methods to add controls to the layout and set the alignment and stretchability of the controls.
4.3 QGridLayout
QGridLayout is a grid layout that arranges controls in rows and columns. Developers can use the addWidget() method to add a widget to the layout and specify the row and column in which it is located. QGridLayout also supports functions such as merging cells and setting the stretchability of rows and columns.
4.4 QFormLayout
QFormLayout is a form layout used to display labels and corresponding input controls. Developers can use the addRow() method to add a combination of labels and controls and set their alignment. QFormLayout also supports automatic alignment of labels and controls, as well as automatic resizing.
4.5 QStackedLayout
QStackedLayout is a stacked layout used to display multiple controls in the same area, but only one control is visible. Developers can use the addWidget() method to add controls to the layout, and use the setCurrentWidget() method to set the currently visible controls.
4.6 QTabWidget
QTabWidget is a tab layout used to display different content in multiple tabs. Developers can add tabs using the addTab() method and place different controls in each tab. QTabWidget also supports tabs
of closing, dragging and reordering.
5. Common attributes
In Qt, controls and layouts have various properties that can be used to adjust their appearance and behavior. Some common properties are described below:
5.1 Set text properties
Text properties in controls and layouts include font, font size, color, alignment, etc. By setting these properties, you can adjust the style and presentation of text.
5.2 Set size attributes
Size properties are used to control the size and position of controls and layouts. Developers can set attributes such as width, height, minimum size, and maximum size to meet layout requirements and the aesthetics of the user interface.
5.3 Set color attributes
Color properties are used to control the background color, foreground color, etc. of controls and layouts. By setting these properties, you can implement color customization and theme switching of the interface.
5.4 Set layout properties
Layout properties are used to adjust the position and behavior of controls in the layout. Developers can set properties such as stretchability, alignment, and margins of controls to achieve flexible layout effects.
5.5 Set event properties
Event attributes are used to handle user interactions, such as mouse clicks, keyboard input, etc. By setting event properties, you can associate specific operations with controls or layouts and trigger corresponding response logic.
5.6 Set style attributes
Style properties are used to customize the appearance of controls and layouts. Qt provides a wealth of style options and style sheets, and developers can achieve customized interface styles by setting style attributes.
6 Conclusion
In this blog, we introduce in detail the common controls, layout options and properties in Qt design. These controls and layout options provide developers with a wealth of tools and features, making application development easier and more efficient. At the same time, understanding and flexibly using these attributes can also help developers implement more personalized and elegant user interfaces. I hope this blog can be helpful to readers’ practice and learning in Qt design.