JsonPathis a simple way to extract JSONparts of a given document;
JsonPathSupports multiple programming languages such as Javascript, Java, Pythonand PHP.
2 official examples
Below is an official JSON example data to facilitate subsequent analysis:
{
"store":{
"book":[{
"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{
"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{
"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{
"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}],"bicycle":{
"color":"red","price":19.95}}}
3 JsonPath and XPath syntax comparison
Xpath
JsonPath
describe
/
$
root node
.
@
current node
/
. 或 []
Get child node
…
none
Get the parent node, Jsonpathnot supported
@
none
Access based on attributes Jsonpathis not supported because Jsonit is a Key-valuerecursive structure and does not support attribute access.
*
*
Match all element nodes
[]
[]
Iterator label (you can do simple iteration operations in it, such as array subscripting, selecting values based on content, etc.)
vertical line
[,]
Supports multiple selections in iterators. The join operator XPathcombines other sets of nodes in the result. JsonpathAllows nameor array indexing.
[]
?()
Support filtering operations
none
[start: end: step]
The array splitting operation is borrowed from ES4
none
()
Script expressions, using the underlying script engine. Support expression calculation
()
none
XpathGrouping; JsonPathnot supported
4 Examples to illustrate JsonPath and XPath syntax
Through the official example in step 2, let’s briefly look at the difference JsonPathwith XPaththe syntax:
XPath
JsonPath
describe
/store/book/author
$.store.book[*].author
Get the authors of all books in the store
//author
$..author
Get all authors
/store/*
$.store.*
Get storeall elements. all bookandbicycle
/store//price
$.store..price
Get storethe price of everything inside
//book[3]
$..book[2]
Get all the information on book three
//book[last()]
$..book[(@.length-1)] 或$..book[-1:]
Get all the information about the last book
//book[position()<3]
$..book[0,1] 或 $..book[:2]
Get all the information from the previous two books
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-# 作者：虫无涯# 日期：2023/7/31 # 文件名称：json_path.py# 作用：jsonpath# 联系：VX(NoamaNelson)# 博客：https://blog.csdn.net/NoamaNelsonimport jsonpath as jp
data ={
"store":{
"book":[{
"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{
"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{
"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{
"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}],"bicycle":{
"color":"red","price":19.95}}}
# 获取店内所有书籍的作者
author = jp.jsonpath(data,'$.store.book[*].author')print(author)# 输出['Nigel Rees','Evelyn Waugh','Herman Melville','J. R. R. Tolkien']
# 获取所有作者
all_aythor = jp.jsonpath(data,'$..author')print(all_aythor)# 输出['Nigel Rees','Evelyn Waugh','Herman Melville','J. R. R. Tolkien']
# 获取store的所有元素
book_bicycle = jp.jsonpath(data,'$.store.*')print(book_bicycle)# 输出[[{
'category':'reference','author':'Nigel Rees','title':'Sayings of the Century','price':8.95},{
'category':'fiction','author':'Evelyn Waugh','title':'Sword of Honour','price':12.99},{
'category':'fiction','author':'Herman Melville','title':'Moby Dick','isbn':'0-553-21311-3','price':8.99},{
'category':'fiction','author':'J. R. R. Tolkien','title':'The Lord of the Rings','isbn':'0-395-19395-8','price':22.99}],{
'color':'red','price':19.95}]
# 获取最后一本书的所有信息
last_book = jp.jsonpath(data,'$.store..book[-1:]')print(last_book)# 输出：[{
'category':'fiction','author':'J. R. R. Tolkien','title':'The Lord of the Rings','isbn':'0-395-19395-8','price':22.99}]
# 过滤出价格低于10的书
p = jp.jsonpath(data,'$.store..book[?(@.price<10)]')print(p)# 输出：[{
'category':'reference','author':'Nigel Rees','title':'Sayings of the Century','price':8.95},{
'category':'fiction','author':'Herman Melville','title':'Moby Dick','isbn':'0-553-21311-3','price':8.99}]
