1: SOC chip
The Raspberry Pi uses the Broadcom BCM2711 chip as the SOC chip. The chip integrates CPU, GPU, DSP and SDRAM memory. The CPU and GPU share memory, and the memory ratio can be manually modified in the system. The 4th generation of Raspberry Pi made the memory optional.
2: Ethernet interface
The Ethernet interface allows the Raspberry Pi to be connected to the computer network in a wired manner, which allows us to easily access the Internet or log in to the Raspberry Pi remotely. The Ethernet interface of the Raspberry Pi is implemented using the USB bus. Data is transmitted through the USB bus. Most models of Raspberry Pi provide an Ethernet interface.
3: USB interface
The Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface is the most common interface on computers and can be used to connect keyboards, mice, USB flash drives, wireless network cards and other devices. When the number of USB interfaces is not enough, the number of USB interfaces can also be increased through a USB hub.
4: HDMI interface
High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is a fully digital video and sound transmission interface used to transmit uncompressed audio and video signals. By connecting it to a monitor (or TV) equipped with an HDMI interface, the content of the Raspberry Pi can be displayed. The HDMI interface can transmit video and audio signals at the same time, so we do not need to connect a speaker to the audio interface of the Raspberry Pi when using it. If we really need to play sound through the audio interface, we need to make corresponding modifications to the operating system configuration.
5: Audio and composite video interface
The audio interface (3.5mm headphone jack) can use the standard 3.5mm headphone jack speakers or headphones to play audio when the HDMI connection is not used. At the same time, this interface also integrates a composite video interface with composite audio and video output functions. It is generally used to connect older models of TVs and is rarely used nowadays.
6: DSI display interface
The LCD display can be connected to the Raspberry Pi, which is generally used for embedded product development. Usually, the HDMI interface can already meet the demand.
7: CSI camera interface
Using the CSI interface, the CSI camera can be connected to the Raspberry Pi through a cable, and video recording and image capture can be easily performed. Compared with USB camera, the performance of this camera module is better.
8: General Purpose Input Output (GPIO)
General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) is designed as a slot with two rows of pins on the Raspberry Pi motherboard. GPIO can be used to connect various peripheral electronic devices and sensors to control or monitor these devices through input/output level signals. For example, you can use GPIO to control the speed of a DC motor, or read the measurement distance of an ultrasonic sensor, etc. These functional characteristics of GPIO make Raspberry Pi different from ordinary computer motherboards, because it gives developers the freedom of manual operation. We will further introduce GPIO in subsequent articles and use them extensively.
9: SD card slot
The SD card slot is located on the back of the Raspberry Pi motherboard. SD/MicroSD card is a necessary storage component for Raspberry Pi, which is used to install the operating system and store data. The capacity of the SD card should be above 2GB. In order to have a better experience, it is recommended to equip your Raspberry Pi with a large-capacity (above 16G) high-speed (above Class10) SD card.
10: Micro USB power supply interface
The Micro USB power supply interface is one of the main power supply methods of the Raspberry Pi. The rated voltage is 5V. The standard current requirements of different versions of the Raspberry Pi are slightly different. For example, the 1B type only requires 700mA, while the 3B+ type requires 2.5A. Many Android The (Android) phone's charger can provide the necessary voltage and current for the Raspberry Pi. The current demand of the Raspberry Pi is also related to the external devices it is connected to. It is recommended that you should calculate it in advance when using it and choose a power supply with appropriate current (power) for the Raspberry Pi. When the external device has a large power, an independent power supply should be used. Provides power to external devices.
11: WiFi and Bluetooth module
The WiFi function allows the Raspberry Pi to wirelessly access the computer wireless network to achieve interconnection, and the Bluetooth function allows the Raspberry Pi to connect to devices with Bluetooth functions (such as mice, keyboards, handles, etc.). Currently, only model 3B, 3B+ and Zero W Raspberry Pi have built-in WiFi and Bluetooth functions (the two are integrated on one chip). For other models of Raspberry Pi, you can use an external USB WiFi (Bluetooth) adapter. . We will further introduce the use of WiFi and Bluetooth in subsequent chapters.
12: Power over Ethernet (PoE) interface
Active Ethernet (Power Over Ethernet, PoE) refers to a technology that utilizes Ethernet for power transmission. On the basis of the original Micro USB and GPIO power supply, Raspberry Pi 3B+ adds a new Ethernet power supply method. Users can use network cables to power the Raspberry Pi without the need to configure additional power supplies, which provides good solutions for certain application scenarios. A great convenience.
Let's take a look at this standard 40-pin interface?
