Next, I will share articles about 3D modeling knowledge in the three.js column. If you study three friends and want to understand and learn 3D modeling, please pay attention to this column. About the installation of this 3D modeling software blender, I am in The previous article has already explained it. If you don’t know it, you can go to the archeology test: How does the modeling software load external 3D models? ok, let us officially enter the world of 3D modeling! ! !
Table of contents
Blender interface introduction
Object deletion, grabbing and copying
Blender interface introduction
When we open Blender for the first time, a welcome interface like the following will pop up on the page, we can click on the normal
When you first entered the page, there was a default cube in the 3D visible area, and its general main page is introduced as follows:
So how do we complete the basic operations of rotating, zooming, and panning the view? Here is a brief introduction:
Rotate view : There is a navigator on the screen, we can click on an axis and hold down the left mouse button to rotate the view
Shortcut key : hold down the middle button to rotate
Pan view : Several operation menus below the navigator, press and hold the left mouse button to move the view to perform pan operations
Shortcut key : Shift + hold middle button to pan
Zoom view : Several operation menus below the navigator, press and hold the left mouse button and slide the mouse forward and backward to perform panning operations
Shortcut key : slide the mouse wheel to zoom the view
Of course, if you feel that you are not used to the shortcut keys for rotation, pan, and zoom operations, you can also modify them accordingly. It is nothing more than finding the Edit -> Preferences -> Key Mapping -> 3D View in the navigation bar to perform corresponding adjustments. Revise.
3D view manipulation
In 3D modeling, we often use four views to view the viewing angle. The related views and their shortcut keys are as follows:
perspective
Top View: Number 7 Keys
Front view: number 1 key
Right view: number 3 key
Note that these shortcut keys must be realized by the small keyboard on the left side of the keyboard. Clicking the number keys in the letter area has no effect:
Unfortunately, the blogger's own keyboard does not have a small keyboard, but we can also use other methods, as follows:
Method 1 : ~ + number, in this way, the ~ key is under the esc key, click this key, a row of options will appear in the 3D view area for you to rotate:
Method 2 : Configure it, open the editor's preferences, find the depth, and then check the simulate number keyboard, so that you can click the number in the letter area to switch the view:
Method 3 : This method is the most simple and rude, directly click the relevant coordinate button of the navigator to switch the view:
Of course, if you want to view the four-grid view, click the shortcut key: crtl + alt + q to operate:
object movement operation
The movement of the object is very simple. You only need to click the move button in the context tool on the left, and you will find that an xyz coordinate axis appears on the object you selected. When we click on the coordinate axis, we can drag the object to it.
There are three ways to move the coordinate axes, but it is not recommended to use the white circle method, because if you use this method, it is difficult to judge the position of the object with the naked eye, and there will be visual errors. All we usually use to move along the coordinate axis or along the coordinate plane.
Of course, to specifically adjust the position of the object, we can also press the n key to open the sidebar Sidebar, also known as the n panel, which records the relevant information of the current object, and we can manually make precise modifications through numbers:
Of course, we can also use the fine-tuning panel to make precise adjustments to your previous move operation. For example, I made a move by dragging the y-axis in the previous step, and clicked the fine-tuning panel of the movement name in the lower left corner to perform a data The exact modification on:
Of course, this fine-tuning panel is not just the jump position. When we add a new object, we can also set the size of the problem, as follows:
Object rotation and scaling
The rotation of the object is very simple, we can click the context tool on the left and select the question we want to rotate, the object will appear circles in all directions, we can press and hold the corresponding circle and slide the mouse to realize the rotation of the object :
Of course, for the accuracy of the data, we can also press the n key to open the n panel to manually adjust a data. The fine-tuning panel is also applicable here, so I won’t go into details here:
The zoom operation is the same as the rotation operation. It is also to find the zoom button of the context tool, and then click on the object to be zoomed. The corresponding object will show the xyz coordinate axis. Here is the same as the operation of moving. Drag the coordinate axis to zoom Operated:
When we are zooming, we can also open the n panel to monitor the data, or manually modify the data:
Regarding the size option at the bottom of the n panel, this size refers to the bounding box of the object, that is, the size of a cuboid that occupies the space. Here we can visualize the bounding box through the object properties, and we can see our monkey head A visible border range appears, but we do not allow this border to be displayed by default. Here is a brief understanding of the meaning of the size in the n panel:
Give up the operation : When you find that the model is horribly messed up by you after a fierce operation, you can operate as follows
Note : first select the object you want to modify and then perform the following zeroing operation
alt + G: Return coordinates to zero (G stands for Grab/Move)
alt + R: Rotate to zero (R stands for Rotate)
alt + S: Zoom to zero (S stands for Scale)
Object deletion, grabbing and copying
The naming of the object name, here we directly select the problem, and then double-click the corresponding object in the outline window to modify it
The deletion of objects is very simple . After selecting an object, right-click the menu to find the delete button and click delete. Of course, you can use shortcut keys here. For example, directly click the Delete key to delete directly, and click the x key to confirm the deletion. It depends on personal choice. This piece:
Grab and move the object, select an object, press the g key to enter the grab mode, you can move freely at this time, of course, we can also perform the following operations to move:
Press x again to lock the movement along the x axis
Press y again to lock the movement along the y axis
Press z again to lock the movement along the z axis
The copying of objects is also very simple : the copying of objects is very simple, and can be done as follows:
ctrl + c / crtl + v for in-place copy
The copied objects are just overlapping each other. Here we select the object we want to move through the outline window and then move it:
shift + d , duplicate the object and enter the Grab (Grad) mode
Ok, let’s arrange a small exercise for everyone. After completing the following interface, you can learn the knowledge used in this article today:
