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cp
Copy a source file or directory into a destination file or directory
Supplementary Note
cpThe command is used to copy one or more source files or directories to the specified destination files or directories. It can copy a single source file into a specific file with a specified filename or an existing directory. cpThe command also supports copying multiple files at the same time. When copying multiple files at a time, the target file parameter must be an existing directory, otherwise an error will occur.
grammar
cp [选项] [参数]
options
-a: The effect of this parameter-dpRis the same as specifying the parameter at the same time;-d: When copying a symbolic link, create the target file or directory as a symbolic link, and point to the original file or directory linked to the source file or directory;-f: Forcibly copy a file or directory, regardless of whether the target file or directory already exists;-i: Ask the user before overwriting existing files;-l: establish a hard link to the source file instead of copying the file;-p: preserve the attributes of the source file or directory;-R/r: Recursive processing, processing all files and subdirectories under the specified directory together;-s: Create a symbolic link to the source file instead of copying the file;-u: After using this parameter, the file will be copied only when the change time of the source file is newer than that of the target file or when the target file with the corresponding name does not exist;-S: When backing up files, use the specified suffix "SUFFIX" instead of the default suffix of the file;-b: Back up the target file before overwriting the existing file target;-v: Detailed display of the operations performed by the command.
parameter
源文件: Specify a list of source files. By default,cpthe command cannot copy directories, if you want to copy directories, you must use-Rthe option;目标文件: Specify the target file. When源文件is multiple files, it is required目标文件to be the specified directory.
example
The first line below is cpthe command and specific parameters ( -rit is "recursive", -uit is "update", -vit is "detailed"). The next three lines display information about the copied files, and the last line displays the command line prompt. This way, only new files are copied to my storage device, and I use cpthe "Update" and "Detailed" options.
In general, parameters -rare also available in a more verbose style --recursive. But in a short way, it can also be used like this -ruv.
cp -r -u -v /usr/men/tmp ~/men/tmp
The version backup --backup=numberedparameter means "I want to make a backup, and it is a serial backup with numbers". So one backup is number 1, the second is number 2, and so on.
$ cp --force --backup=numbered test1.py test1.py
$ ls
test1.py test1.py.~1~ test1.py.~2~
If a file is copied into a destination file, and the destination file already exists, then the contents of the destination file will be destroyed. All parameters in this command can be either absolute path names or relative path names. .Usually the dot or dot form is used ... For example, the following command copies the specified file to the current directory:
cp ../mary/homework/assign .
All directories specified by the object file must already exist, cpthe command cannot create a directory. If you do not have permission to copy files, the system will display an error message.
Copy the file fileto the directory /usr/men/tmpand rename it to file1:
cp file /usr/men/tmp/file1
/usr/menCopy all files under directory and its subdirectories into directory /usr/zh:
cp -r /usr/men /usr/zh
Interactively copy all files /usr/menstarting with in directory to directory :m.c/usr/zh
cp -i /usr/men m*.c /usr/zh
When using the command to copy files under Linux cp, sometimes you need to overwrite some files with the same name. When overwriting files, there will be a prompt: you need to keep pressing Yto confirm the execution of overwriting. It’s okay that there are not many files, but if there are hundreds of files, it is estimated that you Ywill vomit blood, so after a long time, I summed up a method:
cp aaa/* /bbb
# 复制目录 aaa 下所有到 bbb 目录下，这时如果 bbb 目录下有和 aaa 同名的文件，需要按 Y 来确认并且会略过 aaa 目录下的子目录。
cp -r aaa/* /bbb
# 这次依然需要按 Y 来确认操作，但是没有忽略子目录。
cp -r -a aaa/* /bbb
# 依然需要按 Y 来确认操作，并且把 aaa 目录以及子目录和文件属性也传递到了 bbb。
\cp -r -a aaa/* /bbb
# 成功，没有提示按 Y、传递了目录属性、没有略过目录。
Recursively force copy directories into the specified directory overwriting existing files:
cp -rfb ./* ../backup
# 将当前目录下所有文件，复制到当前目录的兄弟目录 backup 文件夹中
Copy the hidden files in the directory such as .babelrc:
cp -r aaa/.* ./bbb
# 将 aaa 目录下的，所有`.`开头的文件，复制到 bbb 目录中。
cp -a aaa ./bbb/
# 记住后面目录最好的 `/` 带上 `-a` 参数
Copy to current directory:
cp aaa.conf ./
# 将 aaa.conf 复制到当前目录
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