Domestic audio Codec-related products have been using foreign IP technology before, and they need to pay patent fees to companies that set foreign standards. After the Sino-US trade war, that is, starting from 2019, domestic audio standards have been accelerating. By 2022, we already have self-developed audio codec standards, and they have been standardized in UWA and AVS standards organizations. The market for audio-related products is huge. The sales of Apple's airpods headphones alone will reach 100 billion RMB in 2021, so now is the best era in the domestic audio field. The following introduces the current top domestic and foreign standards organizations in the audio field, and provides a guide for those who like audio to find information.
MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group): There are five main MPEG standards: MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, MPEG-7, and MPEG-21. Founded in 1988, the expert is responsible for establishing video and audio standards for CDs, and its members are technical experts in the fields of video, audio and systems. Later, they successfully separated the recording of sound and video from the traditional analog method, established the ISO/IEC11172 compression coding standard, and formulated the MPEG-format, which brought the audio-visual communication into the digital age. Therefore, the MPEG-X version that everyone currently refers to is a video, audio, and data compression standard formulated and released by the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). The audio coding standards used by radio and television (that is, cable TV) are MP2 (MPGE1 LayerII) and Dolby. Official website: https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/
3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project 3rd Generation Partnership Project): The 3rd Generation Partnership Project 3GPP was established in December 1998, and several telecommunication standard organization partners signed the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Agreement. The initial scope of work of 3GPP is to develop globally applicable technical specifications and technical reports for the third generation mobile communication system. The third-generation mobile communication system is based on the developed GSM core network and the wireless access technologies they support, mainly UMTS. Subsequently, the scope of work of 3GPP has been improved, and the research and standard formulation of the UTRA long-term evolution system have been added. Currently, ETSI in Europe, ATIS in the United States, TTC and ARIB in Japan, TTA in South Korea, TSDSI in India, and CCSA in my country are seven organization partners (OPs) of 3GPP. At present, there are more than 550 independent members. In addition, 3GPP also has 13 market partners (MRP) such as TD-SCDMA Industry Alliance (TDIA), TD-SCDMA Forum, and CDMA Development Group (CDG). The mobile communication audio of the three major operators now uses the SA4#EVS standard under 3GPP. Official website: https://www.3gpp.org/
UWA (UHD World Association): The World Ultra HD Video Industry Alliance was established in Beijing on January 26, 2022. It is engaged in the manufacture of ultra-high-definition video products, video transmission, content production, applications and services from all over the world. It is an international, non-governmental, industry-based, non-profit social organization that is voluntarily formed by enterprises, institutions, scientific research institutes, professional institutions and other units to focus on promoting the development of the ultra-high-definition video industry. It is officially registered by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China An international social organization with the legal personality of a social group. Chairman Jiang Wenbo is currently a member of the editorial board of China Central Radio and Television, a professor-level senior engineer, and enjoys special government allowances from the State Council. He has successively served as the vice president and chief engineer of the China Radio, Film and Television Design and Research Institute, the president of the Radio and Television Planning Institute of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, and a member of the Party Group of CCTV. He has presided over the completion of a number of major national engineering design and scientific research projects, and won more than ten national, provincial and ministerial awards. Official website: http://theuwa.com/
AVS (Audio and Video Coding Standard digital audio and video codec technical standard): The digital audio and video codec technical standard working group was approved and established in June 2002 by the Science and Technology Department of the former Ministry of Information Industry. The task of the working group is: to meet the needs of my country's information industry, unite domestic enterprises and scientific research institutions, formulate (revise) common technical standards for digital audio and video compression, decompression, processing and presentation, and provide digital audio and video equipment and systems High-efficiency and economical codec technology serves major information industry applications such as high-resolution digital broadcasting, high-density laser digital storage media, wireless broadband multimedia communication, and Internet broadband streaming media. Since the establishment of the AVS working group in 2002, two generations of AVS standards have been formulated so far. Official website address; http://www.avs.org.cn/
Here is a supplementary introduction of a well-known private standard Dolby : DOLBY (Dolby Laboratories), a company established by Dr. Remilton Dolby in 1968, headquartered in San Francisco, in Los Angeles, Wootton Basset (UK), London, and Burby There are branches or liaison offices in Lisbane, New York, Tokyo, Shanghai, Beijing, Hong Kong and other places. Dolby Laboratories has developed a series of technologies: Type-C Noise Reduction, SR (Spectrum Recording), Type-S Noise Reduction, HX Pro, Dolby Stereo, Dolby Surround, Dolby Pro Logic, AC-1, AC-2, Dolby Digital (AC-3), Dolby E, EAC-3, Dolby Atmos. These technologies are widely used in professional and civilian audio equipment, film recording, theater playback equipment, digital broadcasting, etc. Now the speakers and film sources used in major theaters are all produced by Dolby. Official website address: https://www.dolby.com/zh-cn/
Finally, a well-known open source audio standard OPUS is added : Opus is a lossy sound coding format developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation and then standardized by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). The goal is to use a single format to contain sound and Voice, which replaces Speex and Vorbis, and is suitable for low-latency instant voice transmission on the network. The standard format is defined in the RFC 6716 document. The Opus format is an open format without any patents or restrictions on its use. We use the Opus format for video and audio chats on the Internet.