Direction 1: Share your tips for interviewing IT companies
When interviewing for IT technical positions, it is very important to be well prepared and demonstrate your skills and abilities. Here are some tips to help you perform better in interviews:
1. Research the company and position: Before the interview, carefully understand the company background, culture and requirements of the position being recruited. This will help you better position your answers, as well as demonstrate your interest and knowledge of the company.
2. Review the basics: Make sure you have the basics relevant to the role. This might include data structures, algorithms, programming languages, etc. Interviews often touch on these basic concepts.
3. Prepare project cases: Around your project experience, prepare some specific cases to demonstrate your ability in actual work. Highlight your contributions to problem solving, teamwork and innovation.
4. Brush up questions and practice: for common programming questions and algorithm problems, do brush up questions and practice. This will help you to address similar questions more confidently in interviews.
5. Communication skills: In the interview, it is very important to clearly express your ideas and solutions. Practice explaining technical concepts in clear and concise language, avoiding overly technical jargon.
6. Emphasize problem-solving skills: The interviewer pays more attention to your thought process to solve the problem, not just the correct answer. When answering questions, show your thinking logic, how to analyze problems, disassemble them, and propose solutions.
7. The importance of the questioning session: The interviewer will usually ask you if you have any questions at the end of the interview. Take full advantage of this opportunity to ask questions about company culture, teamwork, career development, etc., and show your concern and thinking about the company.
8. Utilization of online resources: Utilize various online resources, such as LeetCode, HackerRank, GitHub, etc., to obtain interview preparation materials, question brushing platforms and open source projects. These resources can help you better prepare for interviews.
Direction 2: What are the common questions in IT technical interviews?
In IT technical interviews, there are some common questions that are often mentioned. Here are some problems you may encounter:
1. Self-introduction: Introduce yourself, emphasizing skills and experience relevant to the position.
2. Project experience: Talk about your role in past projects, the challenges you encountered, and how you solved them.
3. Data structure and algorithm: You may be asked questions about data structures such as arrays, linked lists, trees, and graphs, as well as algorithms such as sorting, searching, and recursion.
4. Programming language and tools: For the programming language you are familiar with, you may be asked about syntax, features, and how you use related tools.
5. System design: For intermediate and senior positions, you may need to design a system, application or solution to examine your architecture design capabilities.
6. Behavioral Interview Questions: Questions about your professional history, teamwork, conflict resolution, creativity, etc.
7. Technology trends: To examine your ability to learn and adapt to issues such as industry trends, new technologies, and frameworks.
8. Scenario questions: Provide a scenario, ask how you would respond in a similar situation, and examine your practical ability.
Direction 3: Share and summarize the interview questions you have encountered
Among the interview questions I encountered, here are some examples for your reference:
1. Reverse linked list: It is required to reverse a single linked list, which involves linked list operations and pointer operations.
2. Maximum subarray sum: Given an integer array, find the largest continuous subarray and investigate dynamic programming and greedy algorithms.
3. LRU cache design: Designing an LRU cache requires the implementation of insertion, deletion, and acquisition operations, and examines the data structure and system design.
4. System design - social media platform: It is required to design a social media platform, including user management, post management, follow system, etc., and examine system design and database design.
5. Project Experience - Dealing with Performance Problems: Describe a performance problem you encountered in a project, and how you analyzed and resolved it.
6. Programming language features: Ask about some features of programming languages you are familiar with, such as polymorphism, inheritance, interfaces, etc.
7. Code debugging and optimization: Given a piece of buggy code, you are asked to find out what the problem is and fix it, and then you may ask how to optimize it.
8. Technology trends and learnings: Ask how you track technology trends, and what new technologies or tools you have learned recently.
these interview questions
Sharing how I do it:
When I come across these interview questions, I try to answer them with a clear thought process and logic. Here's what I might do in a specific situation:
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Reverse linked list: For the reverse linked list, I will first understand the problem and clarify whether it is a one-way linked list or a two-way linked list that needs to be reversed. Then, I will use iterative or recursive methods to gradually change the direction of the pointer to realize the reverse order of the linked list.
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Maximum Subarray Sum: For the maximum subarray sum problem, I would use dynamic programming or a greedy algorithm. First, I will define a variable to track the sum of the current subarray. If the current sum is negative, it will restart from the next element; if the current sum is positive, it will continue to accumulate. I would keep the value of the max sum during the accumulation.
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LRU cache design: When designing LRU cache, I will use hash table and doubly linked list. The hash table is used to quickly find cache items, and the doubly linked list is used to maintain the access order of cache items. When inserting, I check to see if the cache is full, and if so delete the element at the end of the linked list. When fetching, I look up the cache entry from the hash table and move it to the head of the linked list.
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System Design - Social Media Platform: When designing a social media platform, I will first define core concepts such as users, posts, and follower relationships, and establish corresponding database tables. I will consider how to optimize query performance, how to handle multimedia content uploaded by users, and how to implement message communication between users and other functions.
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Project Experience - Dealing with Performance Issues: When describing a project experience dealing with a performance issue, I start by detailing the background and manifestation of the issue. Then, I describe how I located the root cause of the performance issue, which may involve database query optimization, code tuning, concurrency handling, etc. Finally, I will introduce the solutions I took and the optimized performance.
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Programming language features: When answering questions about programming language features, I will take the programming languages I am familiar with as examples to explain concepts such as polymorphism, inheritance, and interfaces. I'll use sample code to illustrate how these features are applied in real code, and how they facilitate code maintainability and extensibility.
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Code debugging and optimization: When encountering code debugging and optimization problems, I will first read the code carefully to understand its function and logic. Then, I step through the code execution to analyze variable values, possible edge cases, and potential bugs. If I find a problem, I will locate and fix it by adding logs, debugging line by line, or using debugging tools. In terms of optimization, I will consider algorithm complexity and memory usage, and try to use more efficient algorithms or data structures.
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Technology Trends and Learning: When talking about technology trends and learning, I mention how I keep track of the latest technology developments using resources such as online courses, blogs, community forums, etc. I'll also share a concrete example of what I've learned recently, including how to apply new technologies to solve real problems.
Clear communication and logical thinking skills are key during the interview process. I try to express complex concepts in simple language and demonstrate my deep understanding of the problem and the feasibility of the solution. At the same time, I will also demonstrate my teamwork spirit, ability to learn and commitment to continuous improvement.