1. Background introduction and difficulty analysis
As the most important and basic part of data resources, master data is the entry point for Beijing Gas to realize data resource management. For Beijing Gas, the centralized and unified management of master data is also a solution to the "information island" phenomenon in the group's informatization construction. It is one of the most urgent content to realize system integration and business collaboration needs. However, before Beijing Gas started master data management and built a data resource management system, the situation was not optimistic:
⚫ Lack of unified data standards, master data quality is not guaranteed: each business management department and information system establish data standards separately, decentralized maintenance, data inconsistency and non-standard phenomenon are serious;
⚫ Data management responsibilities and processes are not clear: no data accountability system and corresponding management processes have been established, and each unit of the group manages and maintains data according to their own methods;
⚫ There is no management tool as a starting point, and the management work remains on paper: Although some data standards and management processes have been formulated, it is difficult to implement standardized management methods effectively because of manual maintenance;
⚫ Low data sharing rate and out-of-sync data: decentralized management of data makes it difficult to share, and part of the data that achieves unified management, due to manual data distribution, the efficiency is low and error-prone, and synchronous updates in various information systems cannot be realized .
2. Construction process
In order to realize the standardized management of master data, Beijing Gas, on the basis of referring to the best master data management practices of IT companies at home and abroad, adopts scientific methods to identify the core master data of the enterprise from a large amount of complicated data, and conducts a comprehensive Analyze and sort out, so as to formulate a Beijing Gas master data map, sort out the generation system and consumption system of various master data, the flow direction of master data, and which business data of other systems will be affected by changes in a certain type of master data, etc. The group has a comprehensive grasp of the distribution and usage of master data.
At the same time, Beijing Gas has completed the construction of the master data management module of the data resource management system, realizing unified and full-life cycle management of more than ten types of master data, and adopting different management modes according to the business conditions of each master data. For data without a source, a centralized management model is adopted, and the master data is created, modified, frozen, and thawed in the master data management module; for data with a source, a shared management model is adopted, and the master data is maintained in the source system. Maintenance, which is collected by the data resource management system and then published, so as to ensure the sharing and synchronous update of various master data.
In order to ensure the effective implementation of master data management, Beijing Gas has unified the data standards, management responsibility units, and management processes of various master data within the group, and strictly reviewed the business content and data standardization of master data. Beijing Gas has established a good master data management system through the collaborative work of management organization, management standards, management processes and management systems, laying the foundation for the group's information construction and providing an important guarantee for the group's business collaboration and standardized management.
(1) Unified information classification and coding
Since 2011, Beijing Gas has been committed to unifying information classification and coding data within the enterprise. By 2014, more than 10 categories of coding standards, including materials, equipment, users, contracts, projects, enterprise security, human resources, and organizations, have been formulated and coded data unified management has been completed. At the same time, some standards and data such as equipment classification and fault codes, equipment technical parameters and menu values, materials, equipment and asset classification correspondence, and contract classification codes have also become valuable business knowledge bases for enterprises.
(2) Implement master data management
In 2015, Beijing Gas began to formulate master data standards, build a data resource management system to realize centralized, unified management and synchronous update of master data, and establish corresponding master data management processes within the enterprise.
⚫ Analyze and determine the data subject domain and master data distribution map. Through in-depth research, the team designed data themes according to the business relationship between data and business subject domains, determined the business associations involved in the business operation and management process, sorted out master data standards and specific data, system support and organizational levels covered, and data Distribution in business systems and departments.
⚫Evaluate master data quality. Beijing Gas starts with master data governance, analyzes various existing master data quality problems, and designs based on business points, and refines the four major evaluation indicators of data quality management into several specific evaluation indicators. Analyze and evaluate the quality of master data in the system from the two dimensions of time and management unit, automatically locate data problems and generate a data quality analysis report, which is provided to the business supervisory unit and data responsible unit as the basis for data governance.
(3) Realize system support
The data resource management system is the core part of the overall data resource management solution and the basis of enterprise data applications. In terms of function, it can manage the collection, organization, storage, formulation of data standards, and supervision of quality of data; in terms of content, it includes the management of the core of the enterprise and the most needed shared master data, as well as the management of metadata. At the same time, it is responsible for formulating the release of enterprise master data standards, monitoring data quality, and dealing with data quality issues.
⚫ System module division. Beijing Gas inspected and evaluated the overall status of the company's data management in terms of data standards, data quality, data security, data platform construction, data integration, and comprehensive applications, and identified and diagnosed the problems faced by the system construction and the challenges of data management , and propose a construction strategy. Beijing Gas data resource management system consists of master data management subsystem, metadata management subsystem, data quality management subsystem, data standard management subsystem, and data security management subsystem.
⚫ Master data management subsystem. Based on the 14 business data subject areas of Beijing Gas (involving strategy, planning, planning, materials, equipment, production operations, finance, investment, marketing services, projects, human resources, safety, scientific research, and integration) and core business systems that need to be integrated The master data management subsystem summarized and extracted more than ten types of master data applicable to Beijing Gas, and carried out the data flow analysis of each master data and each core information system.
⚫ Data quality management subsystem. The construction goal of this subsystem is to "deepen data quality management capabilities and build a business system linkage mechanism". The detailed functions of the subsystem include: analysis of the impact of business system changes; realization of business system data audit, data entity inspection, processing process inspection and key indicator inspection ; Evaluation of master data quality; Various information sorting, statistics and analysis.
3. Design the master data management system
The master data management system of Beijing Gas is to organically link data and its owners, management institutions, users, and management tools to form a complete mechanism for managing enterprise master data. Its overall structure includes organizational planning, systems, processes, and evaluations. Audit etc. In the management system, plan the positions/roles, responsibilities, and ability requirements of the management organization, and cooperate with the master data administrator to clarify the main work content, etc.; at the system construction level, directly write the master data management requirements into the management systems of each business system, and clarify the management process And realize it in the data resource management system and business system.
4. Construction achievements
(1) Improve the level of enterprise management. Through the establishment of a unified data management system in the enterprise, the standardization of master data and business data can be realized, the standardization of business processes can be promoted, and the only credible data assets can be formed. It also realizes the sharing of enterprise business data to support the coordination and integration of business at all levels of the group.
(2) Promote the development of enterprise information technology. It reduces the cost of data integration, standardization and master data management, and forms an enterprise standard interface to quickly realize the interconnection between systems. The master data management status of each business system has been optimized, making the data value of the master data more accurate and implementing real-time monitoring of the process. Through the extraction and distribution of the data resource management system, a unified and standardized data service is provided, and the coupling between various business systems is reduced.