A memory card , also known as a flash memory card or a flash card , is a solid-state electronic flash memory data storage device , mostly in the shape of a card or a block. It generally uses Flash ( flash memory ) chips as storage media. Mainly used in digital cameras , PDAs , notebook computers , music players, handheld game consoles , smart phones and other electronic devices . It can provide a form of storage that can be read and written repeatedly and does not require an external power source. There are also non-solid state memory cards.
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32MB Canon CompactFlash Type I card
Flash memory cards were once seen as a replacement for floppy disks , but that role was taken over by flash drives . The flash disk can be connected to any computer through the USB port.
Memory cards come in many formats and are commonly found in digital cameras, handheld game consoles, mobile phones , and other devices. PC card (PCMCIA) became the first memory card format put into commercial production in the 1990s, but at present it is mainly used in industrial equipment or undertakes input and output functions as a connection standard for equipment. Also in the 1990s, other smaller card formats emerged, including CF, SM, and Mini. Devices such as mobile phones and handheld game consoles begin to use some unique micro-embedded memory cards (SID), while PDAs , digital music players, etc. tend to use mobile memory cards.
From the late 1990s to the early 2000s, new formats emerged, such as SD / MMC , Memory Stick , xD Picture Card , and other derivative formats, which were essential to the ever-shrinking size of mobile phones, PDAs, digital cameras , etc. The need for smaller memory cards has become stronger, making previously "small" cards appear large. SM cards and CF cards used to be very successful on digital cameras. In 2001, the SM card alone accounted for 50% of the market share , and CF was also invincible in the field of professional digital cameras. But by 2005, SD/MMC card had replaced the position of SM card, and its opponent was no longer CD card, but XD card, memory stick and other formats. In the industrial sector, the former king, the PC card, is still alive; in mobile phones and PDAs, the memory card market is already a battleground.
At present, many new personal computers have built-in multi-function card readers .
Memory Card Format Information Sheet
| name | acronym | Dimensions | Digital Rights Management |
| CompactFlash I | CF-I | 43 × 36 × 3.3 mm | |
| CompactFlash II | CF-II | 43 × 36 × 5 mm | |
| SmartMedia Card | SMC | 45 × 37 × 0.76 mm | |
| Memory Stick | MS | 50.0 × 21.5 × 2.8 mm | MagicGate |
| Memory Stick Duo | MS Duo | 31.0 × 20.0 × 1.6 mm | MagicGate |
| Memory Stick Micro M2 | 15.0 × 12.5 × 1.2 mm | MagicGate | |
| Multi Media Card | MMC | 32 × 24 × 1.5 mm | |
| Reduced Size Multi Media Card | RS-MMC | 16 × 24 × 1.5 mm | |
| MMCmicro Card | MMCmicro | 12 × 14 × 1.1 mm | |
| Secure Digital Card | SD | 32 × 24 × 2.1 mm | CPRM |
| miniSD Card | miniSD | 21.5 × 20 × 1.4 mm | CPRM |
| microSD Card | microSD | 11 × 15 × 1 mm | CPRM |
| xD-Picture Card | xD | 20 × 25 × 1.7 mm | not support |
Most EEPROM devices have a certain limit on the number of writes, and some cards have implemented a wear leveling algorithm to reduce the wear that may occur in frequently written locations. In the memory card market, the price is getting cheaper and cheaper, but the capacities of different brands are competing to increase. In 2019, 32GB is a common capacity on the market, and 512GB and 1TB memory cards have appeared.
Overview of memory card types
Comparison of various memory cards
Left: PS, Right: PS2
- PCMCIA ATA Type I Flash Memory Card（PC Card ATA Type I）(max 8 GB (8 GiB) flash as of 2005）
- PCMCIA Linear Flash Cards, SRAM cards等。
- PCMCIA Type II, Type III cards
- CompactFlash Card (Type I), CompactFlash High-Speed（max 32 GB as of 2008）
- CompactFlash Type II, CF+(CF2.0), CF3.0
- Microdrive（max 6 GB as of 2005）
- MiniCard（Miniature Card）（max 64 MB (64 MiB)）
- SmartMedia Card (SSFDC) (max 128 MB, 3.3 V, 5 V)
- xD-Picture Card, xD-Picture Card型M
- Memory Stick, MagicGate Memory Stick (max 128 MB); Memory Stick Select, MagicGate Memory Stick Select（"Select" means: 2x128 MB with A/B switch）
- SecureMMC
- Secure Digital (SD Card), Secure Digital High-Speed, Secure Digital Plus/Xtra/etc（SD with USB connector）
- miniSD Card
- microSD Card（aka Transflash, T-Flash）
- SDHC
- MU-Flash（Mu-Card，Mu-Card Alliance of OMIA）
- C-Flash
- SIM card (Subscriber Identity Module)
- Smart card（ISO 7810 Card Standard , ISO 7816 Card Standard等.）
- UFC (USB FlashCard) (using USB )
- FISH Universal Transportable Memory Card Standard（使用USB）
- Disk memory cards:
- Clik!（PocketZip），（40 MB PocketZip）
- Floppy disk（LS120, 2-inch, 3.5-inch,等.）
- Intelligent Stick（iStick, a USB-based flash memory card with MMS）
MicroSD (left) and SDHC memory card (right)
SxS (S-by-S) memory card, a new memory card specification developed by Sandisk and Sony . SxS complies to the ExpressCard industry standard. ( page archive backup , stored in)- Nexflash Winbond Serial Flash Moduel (SFM) cards, size range 1 mb, 2 mb and 4 mb.
see
- memory card comparison
- flash drive (flash drive)
- List of digital camera brands
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