There are currently two pure test testing frameworks, pytest and unittest
unittest should be widely known, and it is also an old framework. Many people use it for automation, whether it is UI or interface
pytest is another more advanced and useful unit testing framework developed based on unittest

Why use Pytest

According to the official website of pytest, it has the following characteristics:

Very easy to use, easy to get started, rich in documentation, and there are many examples in the documentation for reference
Able to support simple unit tests and complex functional tests
Support parameterization
During the execution of the test, some tests can be skipped (skip), or some expected failure cases can be marked as failure
Support repeated execution (rerun) failure case
Support running test cases written by nose, unittest
Can generate html report
Convenient and continuous integration tool jenkins integration
Some use cases can be supported
Has many third-party plug-ins, and can be customized

Install pytest

cmd run


pip install -U pytest

pip3 install pytest -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

view version

pytest --version

the code

def func(x):
    return x + 1


def test_answer():
    assert func(3) == 5


class TestClass:
    def test_one(self):
        x = "this"
        assert "h" in x

    def test_two(self):
        x = "hello"
        assert hasattr(x, "check")

knowledge points

If only pytest is executed, it will search for the test_*.py or *_test.py file in the current directory and its subdirectories. After finding the file, find the function starting with test in the file and execute it
If you only want to execute a certain file, you can
- ```
pytest start.py 
```
Add -q to display simple results:
- ```
pytest -q start.py 
```

Design Principles of Pytest Use Cases

When writing test cases with Pytest, be sure to follow the rules below, otherwise test cases that do not conform to the rules will not be executed

Filenames start with test_*.py files and *_test.py
functions starting with test_
Classes beginning with Test cannot contain __init__ methods
Methods in classes starting with test_
All package packages must have __init__.py file

Pytest executes use case rules

Note that the following are all about executing pytest commands in cmd

1. All use cases in a certain directory


pytest

2. Execute the use case under a certain py file

pytest 脚本名称.py

3. Run a function in the start.py module, or a class, or a method in a class

You can add v or not add -v, if you add -v, the printed information will be more detailed

pytest -v 08_mark.py::TestClass::test_method

pytest 08_mark.py::TestClass::test_method

pytest start.py::test_answer

4. Run the start.py module to test a method in the class

pytest start.py::TestClass::test_two

5. -m mark expression (following explanation)

 pytest -m login

Will run all tests decorated with the @pytest.mark.login decorator, and we will expand on marking later

6. -q simple printing, only print the execution result of the test case

 pytest -q start.py

7. -s print in detail

pytest -s start.py

8. -x Stop the test when an error is encountered

pytest start.py -x

9. --maxfail=num, when the number of use case errors reaches the specified number, stop the test

pytest start.py --maxfail=1

10. -k matches the use case name

Execute all test cases whose test case name contains http

pytest -s -k http start.py

11. -k Exclude certain use cases based on the use case name

pytest -s -k "not http" start.py

12. -k matches different use case names at the same time

pytest -s -k "method or weibo" start.py

Pycharm runs Pytest

We usually write code in Pycharm, how can we use cmd to run the use cases all the time, now let's take a look at how to run Pytest in Pycharm

First of all, we first go to the settings to set the unit test framework as Pytest
If it is nosetests, right-click to run is run by a python script
If unittest is set, it will run with the unittest framework

Pytest usage, quick start and basic explanation