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foreword
- Both windows and linux are common operating systems. I believe that most people are more familiar with widows and a little less familiar with linux. But I believe that as a member of the big family of programmers, everyone is familiar with linu.
- Recently, the author just happened to be tossing the linux system, and by the way, I would like to share with you the latest gains.
linux&windows
Common system versions of both
Common Windows system versions:
- Windows 7: A very popular version of the desktop operating system, providing different versions, such as Home Edition, Professional Edition, Ultimate Edition, etc., and now the mainstream operating system in enterprises. However, due to the needs of business security, the system is slowly being replaced by win10
- Windows 10: The currently widely used version of the desktop operating system, which provides different editions, such as Home Edition, Professional Edition, Education Edition, etc.
- Windows 11: The latest version of the Windows operating system, offering a brand new interface and features for desktop users.
Common Linux distributions:
- Ubuntu: One of the most popular Linux distributions, focusing on ease of use and user-friendliness.
- CentOS: An enterprise-grade Linux distribution built on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) for server and enterprise environments.
- Fedora: A community-developed Linux distribution for desktops and servers that focuses on innovation and the introduction of new features.
- Debian: A free and open-source Linux distribution known for its stability and security, widely used in server environments.
- openSUSE: Community-supported Linux distribution built on SUSE Linux Enterprise, offering stability and reliability.
- Arch Linux: A rolling release distribution for Linux enthusiasts and power users with a focus on customization and flexibility.
- Kali Linux: A Linux distribution specially designed for network security and penetration testing, integrating many security tools.
- Linux Mint: A Linux distribution that focuses on ease of use and user experience, built on Ubuntu.
- Kylin (Kylin) operating system: Developed by China's Zhongbiao Software Co., Ltd. (CCS), it is a domestic Linux operating system mainly promoted by the Chinese government. It is based on Ubuntu and focuses on providing localized desktop and server solutions.
- Deepin operating system: Deepin operating system is also based on the Debian distribution, focusing on user experience and innovative design. Known for providing a clean, beautiful, and easy-to-use desktop environment.
- NeoKylin (New Kylin) Operating System: NeoKylin is based on Ubuntu and Debian, and is customized for the Chinese market, providing multi-language and security enhancements.
- Union Operating System (Union Operating System): Union Operating System is based on the Debian distribution and has been customized on the basis of it. It adopts the desktop environment and application software independently developed by Tongxin, and pays attention to Chinese localization support. Provides a series of applications and services specially designed for government, enterprise and individual users, including office suites, security management tools, cloud services, etc. Tongxin UOS has been widely used in Chinese government departments, enterprises and institutions, especially in government affairs office and information construction. It promotes the development and independent innovation of China's domestic software industry by providing localized solutions and support.
Add one more wonder:
- inuxFX: An Ubuntu-based Linux distribution designed to provide a user experience similar to Windows operating systems. It was developed by a team in Brazil to provide users with a familiar desktop environment and tools to make the transition to Linux easier.
- One of the main features of LinuxFX is its desktop environment, which is based on the Cinnamon desktop environment and customized and optimized to mimic the way Windows 10 looks and operates. It provides Windows-like taskbar, start menu and system tray, enabling Windows users to adapt and use LinuxFX more quickly.
System installation
- Differences and comparisons between Windows system and Linux system installation methods and difficulty:
| Windows system | Linux system | |
|---|---|---|
| installation method | Launch the installer from the installation disc or USB drive | Download installation media via disc, USB drive or network |
| difficulty | relatively simple | relatively complex |
| installation steps | 1. Download or obtain the installation media (ISO or CD image) | 1. Download or obtain the installation media (ISO or CD image) |
| 2. Insert the disc or USB drive | 2. Make a boot CD or USB drive | |
| 3. Start your computer and boot from the CD or USB drive | 3. Insert the disc or USB drive | |
| 4. Follow the installation wizard to install | 4. Start your computer and boot from the CD or USB drive | |
| 5. Select installation options and target drive | 5. Enter the installer interface, select the installation option and target drive | |
| 6. Install the operating system and necessary drivers | 6. Make partition and file system settings, install the operating system and necessary drivers | |
| 7. Complete the installation and make system settings | 7. Make system settings, choose to install the required software and configuration | |
| Supported Hardware and Drivers | Works with a wide range of hardware and drivers | Some hardware and drivers may require manual installation or configuration |
| Availability of software and applications | Wide range of commercial and free software and application support | Is supported by a large number of free and open source software and applications |
| User Interface | Use Windows desktop environment | You can choose a different desktop environment or window manager in most cases as a server to use the command |
| Maintenance and Updates | Updates and maintenance are usually provided by Microsoft | Updates and maintenance are usually provided by Linux distributions |
version selection
- Comparison of Windows and Linux in system version selection:
| Windows system | Linux system | |
|---|---|---|
| System version selection | There are multiple versions to choose from, such as Windows 10, Windows 11, etc. | There are several different Linux distributions to choose from such as Ubuntu, Fedora, etc. |
| Edition Features and Functionality | Each version provides different functions and features, such as professional version, home version, etc. | Each distribution provides different functions and features, such as desktop version, server version, etc. |
| commercial and personal use | Different editions available for commercial and personal use | Most distributions offer free personal and commercial use |
| Licenses and Fees | License purchase required, price varies by version | Most distributions are based on open source licenses and are free to use |
| support and updates | Provides official support and regular updates | Support and updates are provided by the individual distribution communities |
| compatibility | Wide range of hardware and software support | Compatibility depends on distribution and selected packages |
Summarize:
- There are many types of distribution versions of the linux system, the installation is difficult, and the customization is relatively high, which is not suitable for daily use and office work (of course, our localized operating systems deepin and Tongxin UOS are still available)
- The main version types of the window system are win7, win10, and win11, but there are still many specific versions to choose from. The home version, which is used by the mainstream daily, has low installation difficulty and diversified cracking methods, and its taste is not as good as that of macos. Our game is a good helper. Compatible with all games.
Experience with linux and windows
-
Terminal and command line:
- Linux: The terminal and the command line are very important tools, and many tasks can be done through the command line.
- Windows: Graphical interfaces are more common, and the use of the command line is not as common as it is on Linux.
-
Package management:
- Linux: A package manager is often used to install, update, and manage software. Install and upgrade software with simple commands, while automatically handling dependencies.
- Windows: Software installation usually requires manual download of the installer and a series of installation steps.
-
File system hierarchy:
- Linux: Following a standard file system hierarchy, the root directory, bin directory, home directory, etc. all have well-defined purposes.
- Windows: The file system structure is not as standardized as Linux, and sometimes it may take more navigation and finding to find the required files and directories.
-
Permissions and user management:
- Linux: Use a privilege-based user management and access control model. Every file and directory has specific permission settings that control who can read, write, or execute them.
- Windows: Rights management and user access control also exist, but are less intuitive than the fine-grained rights management on Linux.
-
Open source and free software:
- Linux: Known for its open source and free software ecosystem, users can freely acquire, use and modify a large number of open source software.
- Windows: Commercial and proprietary software is more mainstream, although some open source software is also available, but may be used differently and to a different extent.
Talk about tossing harvest
- I have been programming in windows system for a long time, just like running projects and writing codes in linux system. By the way, learn about the linux system. However, the virtual machine uses the real machine to install without feeling.
- Experience ubuntu first, the desktop operation is often stuck, and it is difficult to install software. It comes with useless software, and it can be slow to uninstall.
- Then experience deepin, fall in love with deepin, the page is smooth and silky, easy to operate, and can be used as a daily use.
- But in the process of using 1panel, some bugs appeared (probably an adaptation problem)
Linux system usage skills
- Install the linux system: I believe that most people will use the way to start the USB drive
- Recommend an easy-to-use U disk creation tool: multi-system boot U disk Ventoy supports win, linux
- See the new generation of multi-system boot U disk Ventoy user guide
- Selection recommendation of linux system
- centos8: suitable for beginners, learning basic commands; as a server to deploy java projects, docker service, nginx are all available; more suitable for command line use
- deepin: suitable for Linux desktop use, of course, it can also be used as a server in theory, but there may be some compatibility issues
- ubuntu: suitable for most people, with rich software and high popularity, most of the problems you encounter can be found on the Internet.
- System mirror download address: Recommended Alibaba Cloud mirror site
- personal suggestion:
- If you want to use the desktop version of linux, you also want to use it for daily use, such as watching videos, browsing the web, and even using QQ. It is recommended to use the deepin system (it is indeed good to provide an application warehouse. Under the same configuration, deepin is smoother and smoother than ubuntu. Personally, it is more troublesome to install any software on ubuntu.)
- Good download tool for linux system
- Free Download Manager
- Support win, mac, linux, android; the download speed is fast
- Deepin's app store can be directly searched