Table of contents
The difference between centOS and Ubuntu in Linux system
What is a system virtual machine
what is linux
Linux is an open source operating system. It can run on a variety of computer hardware and is widely used on servers, workstations, laptops, tablets, smartphones, and more. Linux has the advantages of stability, security, and high efficiency, and can be used, modified, and distributed freely.
The difference between centOS and Ubuntu in Linux system
CentOS and Ubuntu are two common Linux distributions with the following differences:
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Based on different distributions: CentOS is built on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) distribution while Ubuntu is built on Debian distribution. This means they may differ in things like package management, community support, and default configurations.
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Usage scenario: CentOS is mainly used in server environments, especially enterprise-level servers. It emphasizes stability and reliability and offers Long Term Support (LTS) releases. Ubuntu, on the other hand, is more suitable for desktop and personal users, and can also be used in server environments, providing a wide range of software libraries and ease of use.
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Package management: CentOS uses RPM (Red Hat Package Manager) as its package management system, while Ubuntu uses APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) as its package management system. The two tools have some differences in how they are used, but both allow easy installation, update, and uninstallation of packages.
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Community support: Ubuntu has a large community support and an active user base, which provides a wealth of documentation, forums, and professional support. CentOS, on the other hand, relies more on the commercial support and maintenance provided by the Red Hat company behind it.
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Default desktop environment: Ubuntu provides several different desktop environment options, including Unity, GNOME, KDE, etc., while CentOS uses the GNOME desktop environment by default.
In general, CentOS is more suitable for enterprise server environments, focusing on stability and long-term support; while Ubuntu is more suitable for individual users and desktop environments, focusing on ease of use and extensive software libraries. Which distribution you choose depends on your specific needs and preferences.
centOSAdvantages
As a Linux distribution, CentOS has the following advantages:
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Long Term Support (LTS): CentOS offers long term support releases, usually 7 years or more. This means that you can enjoy long-term stability and security support during use, without needing to frequently upgrade to new versions.
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Stability and reliability: CentOS takes stability and reliability as its core design goals. It uses well-tested and validated software packages to ensure stable operation of the system and provide updates and fixes over time.
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Enterprise-level support: CentOS is built on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), so you can enjoy RHEL-like enterprise-level support and maintenance. This includes security patches, technical support and documentation resources, and more.
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Security: CentOS has taken many security measures, including kernel security modules, mandatory access control, security hardening tools, etc., to provide higher system security.
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Community support: CentOS has a huge community support and an active user group. You can get help, exchange experiences, and get support from the open source community on the community forum.
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Compatibility: Since CentOS is built on RHEL, it is very compatible with RHEL. This allows CentOS to seamlessly integrate with RHEL software and solutions, while also being able to use a large number of third-party software and tools.
Overall, the strengths of CentOS lie in its long-term support, stability, reliability, enterprise-level support, security, and compatibility. This makes it one of the go-to Linux distributions chosen by many businesses and organizations.
Advantages of Ubuntu
As a Linux distribution, Ubuntu has the following advantages:
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User-friendliness: Ubuntu focuses on user-friendliness, providing an intuitive user interface and easy-to-use tools. Its desktop environment such as GNOME or Unity provides an intuitive way of operation, making it easy for beginners and ordinary users to get started.
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Extensive software repositories: Ubuntu has a huge software repositories, you can easily install and update various software applications. Whether it is office software, graphics and image processing tools, multimedia players or development tools, you can find the applications you need in Ubuntu's software library.
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Community support: Ubuntu has a huge community support and an active user base. You can get help, exchange experiences, and get support from the open source community on the community forums. The community also provides updates, security patches, technical support, and more.
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Free and Open Source: Ubuntu is a free and open source operating system, you can use, modify and distribute it freely. This means that you can customize and customize the Ubuntu system according to your needs without paying high licensing fees.
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Security: Ubuntu focuses on security, protecting the system from threats with regular updates and bug fixes. It also provides a series of security tools and functions, such as firewall, encrypted file system, etc., to enhance the security of the system.
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Long-Term Support (LTS): Ubuntu offers long-term support releases, usually for 5 years or more. This means that you can enjoy long-term stability and security support during use, without needing to frequently upgrade to new versions.
Overall, Ubuntu's strengths lie in its user-friendliness, rich software library, community support, free and open source, security, and long-term support. This makes it one of the go-to Linux distributions chosen by many individual users, developers, and businesses.
What is a system virtual machine
A system virtual machine is a software or hardware platform that simulates a complete computer system, including processors, memory, storage, and other devices. It allows multiple independent operating system instances to run concurrently on a physical computer and isolates them so that they appear to be running on separate computers.
The main goal of the system virtual machine is to provide resource isolation and multi-tenancy capabilities. It allows multiple virtual machines to run concurrently on the same physical computer, each of which can run a different operating system and applications, isolated from each other. This isolation allows multiple users or applications to share the same physical computer without interfering with each other.
System virtual machines can be used for a variety of purposes, including server virtualization, creation of development and test environments, application isolation and deployment, resource management, and more. Common system virtualization software includes VMware, VirtualBox, KVM, and Hyper-V.
To sum up, a system virtual machine is a software or hardware platform that provides resource isolation and multi-tenancy functions. It simulates a complete computer system and allows multiple independent operating system instances to run simultaneously on the same physical computer.
Introduction to VMware
VMware is a world-leading provider of virtualization and cloud computing software. The company provides a series of virtualization products and solutions to help users create and manage virtual environments on physical hardware.
VMware's main products include:
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VMware vSphere: vSphere is a virtualization platform that allows users to run multiple virtual machines on a single physical server. It provides powerful management tools and features such as resource scheduling, load balancing, high availability, and automation.
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VMware Workstation and VMware Fusion: These products are solutions for desktop virtualization. They allow users to create and run multiple virtual machines on a personal computer to run different operating systems or applications on the same machine.
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VMware NSX: NSX is a software-defined networking (SDN) solution that integrates network functions with virtualized environments. It provides functions such as network virtualization, security and automation, making network management easier and more flexible.
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VMware vSAN: vSAN is a software-defined storage solution that leverages server hardware to build high-performance shared storage. It provides high reliability, scalability, and flexibility for virtualized environments and cloud computing deployments.
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VMware Horizon: Horizon is a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) solution that allows users to access virtual desktops and applications over the network. It provides centralized management, security and flexibility, and is suitable for scenarios such as remote office and mobile office.
VMware's products are widely used in fields such as enterprises, educational institutions and cloud service providers. Its virtualization technology improves server utilization, simplifies management, reduces costs, and provides a more flexible IT infrastructure.
Introduction to VirtualBox
VirtualBox is a free and open source virtualization software developed and maintained by Oracle Corporation. It can create and manage multiple virtual machines on the host operating system, and each virtual machine can run an independent operating system and applications.
VirtualBox supports multiple operating systems as host systems, such as Windows, macOS, Linux, and Solaris. At the same time, it can also be used as a host system of a virtual machine, supporting various operating systems such as Windows, Linux, macOS, Solaris, and BSD.
VirtualBox provides the following main functions and features:
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Virtualization platform: VirtualBox allows multiple virtual machine instances to run on a single physical computer and isolates them so that they appear to be running on separate computers.
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Cross-platform support: VirtualBox can run on different operating systems, allowing users to create and manage virtual machines on different host operating systems.
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Hardware virtualization support: VirtualBox supports hardware accelerated virtualization technologies such as Intel VT-x and AMD-V, which can provide better performance and efficiency.
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Snapshot and rollback: VirtualBox allows users to create snapshots of virtual machines so that they can be rolled back to the previous state at any time when needed, which is convenient for testing and experimentation.
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Network configuration: VirtualBox provides flexible network configuration options, including bridge mode, NAT mode, and host-only mode, etc., to meet different network requirements.
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Virtual device support: VirtualBox supports the addition and configuration of virtual devices, such as virtual hard disks, virtual CD-ROM drives, virtual USB devices, and virtual network adapters.
The ease of use and rich features of VirtualBox make it a popular software in the field of virtualization, and it is widely used in the creation of development and testing environments, application isolation and deployment, education and training, and other fields.
Introduction to KVM
KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is an open source virtualization solution that is part of the Linux kernel. KVM utilizes the virtualization function of the Linux kernel to transform a physical server into a virtualization host capable of running multiple virtual machines at the same time.
KVM is based on hardware virtualization technologies such as Intel VT-x and AMD-V, which allow the creation and management of multiple virtual machines on the host operating system. Each virtual machine can run an independent operating system and applications, isolated from other virtual machines for security and performance.
KVM provides the ability to interact directly with hardware, thus enabling virtualization with near-native performance. It supports multiple operating systems as guest operating systems for virtual machines, including Linux, Windows, macOS, and more.
KVM also provides a set of management tools, such as libvirt and QEMU, for creating, configuring and monitoring virtual machines. It also supports advanced features such as dynamically adding and removing virtual hardware devices, snapshots and migrations.
Since KVM is based on open source technology, it has good scalability and customizability, and can be customized and extended according to specific needs. It is widely used in data centers, cloud computing, server virtualization, and the creation of development and test environments.
Introduction to Hyper-V
Hyper-V is a virtualization technology and virtualization platform developed by Microsoft. It is part of the Windows Server operating system and is also available on some Windows client operating systems.
Hyper-V allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical server, each of which can run an independent operating system and applications. It implements virtualization by providing an abstraction layer between physical hardware and virtual machines, and provides each virtual machine with independent computing resources such as processors, memory, storage, and networking.
Using Hyper-V, you can create, configure, manage and monitor virtual machines, and implement advanced functions such as virtual machine migration, snapshot and failover. It also provides a set of management tools, such as Hyper-V Manager and PowerShell cmdlets, to simplify the management and automation of virtual machines.
Hyper-V supports multiple operating systems as guest operating systems for virtual machines, including Windows, Linux and other mainstream operating systems. It also supports hardware-assisted virtualization technologies such as Intel VT-x and AMD-V for higher performance and security.
Hyper-V is widely used in data centers, cloud computing, server virtualization, and the creation of development and testing environments. It is an important virtualization solution on the Windows platform, which can provide powerful virtualization capabilities and flexibility.