Ancient Greece ( Greece ), one of the sources of Western civilization, is the general term for the southern part of the ancient Balkan Peninsula, the Aegean Islands and the coast of Asia Minor. Ancient Greece is the most important and direct source of Western civilization.
Western recorded literature, technology, and art all began in ancient Greece. Ancient Greece is not the concept of a country, but the appellation of a region. Ancient Greece is located in the southeastern part of Europe and the northeastern part of the Mediterranean Sea, including the Greek peninsula, the archipelagos and islands in the Aegean Sea and the Ionian Sea, the southwestern coast of Turkey, the eastern part of Italy and the eastern coast of Sicily.
Ancient Greek history is divided into five periods
The entire history of ancient Greece can be divided into five major stages: Aegean Civilization (2000 BC - 1200 BC), Homeric Age (11th century BC - 9th century BC), period of slavery city-state formation (8th - 6th century BC) , the classical era (5th century BC - 4th century BC) and the era of the Alexander Empire of Macedonia (4th century BC - 2nd century AD).
1. Aegean culture era: From the 20th to the 12th century BC , the Aegean culture included the Cretan culture and the Mycenaean culture, which belonged to the city-state culture.
2. The Homer era: From the 11th to the 9th centuries BC , iron tools were used during this period, which belonged to the culture of military democracy.
3. Early Greek culture (or archaic) era: 8th to 6th centuries BC , this period was the period when Greek city-states were formed.
4. Classical era: 5th to early 4th centuries BC , this was the heyday of Greek slavery city-states.
5. The era of Macedonian rule: From the end of the 4th century BC to the middle of the 2nd century BC , the Greek slavery city-states declined and fell under the rule of Macedonia, and were finally destroyed by Rome.
Important Contributions to Ancient Greek Civilization
The Cretan civilization is centered on Knossos in the north of the island. As an ancient civilization, ancient Greece has made great contributions to science and technology, mathematics, medicine, philosophy, literature, drama, sculpture, painting, architecture, etc. The development of Roman civilization contributed a lot.
Greek civilization is a lost civilization. Its disappearance has gone to the era of our life for more than two thousand years. However, the majestic and grand cultural edifice built by the creator with his special rationality and wisdom still amazes the world.