Decentralized application (Dapp, Decentralized application) generally refers to an application that runs on a distributed network, the information of the participants is protected (or anonymous), and decentralized operations are performed by different people through network nodes . From the perspective of Ethereum, it is a transaction protocol, a contract or a group of contracts executed according to the conditions set on the blockchain.
definition
For different people, Dapp has different definitions.
general definition
The general definition of a Dapp is an application that runs on a distributed network, where participants' information is protected (maybe anonymously), and decentralized operations are performed through network nodes.
Ethereum definition
Ethereum defines Dapp as a transaction protocol, a contract or a group of contracts executed according to the conditions set on the blockchain .
Collaboration White Paper Definition
What they consider to be a stricter definition of a Dapp is provided in the collaboration white paper. In their view, a Dapp must have three characteristics:
1) The application must be open source, and most of the tokens issued by Dapp run autonomously rather than controlled by an entity, and all data and records must be encrypted and stored on an open and decentralized blockchain .
2) The application must generate tokens through a standard algorithm or a set of standards, and some or all of the tokens may be allocated at the beginning of the operation. These tokens must be used according to the needs of the application, and any user who contributes should be rewarded with tokens paid by the application.
3) The application can improve and adjust its protocol based on market feedback, but all changes must be unanimously agreed by a majority of its users. But in general, each blockchain project will have a somewhat different view of the exact technical aspects of what constitutes a decentralized application.
connect
Dapp (Decentralized application, decentralized application), DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization, decentralized autonomous organization), DAC (Decenlralized Autonomous Corporation, decentralized autonomous company), DAS (Decentralized Autonomous Society, decentralized autonomous society) essence The above set of concepts is due to increasingly complex and automatically executed smart contracts becoming entities capable of self-management, connected to the blockchain through pre-programmed, and eventually self-programmed operations.
In a sense, the entire blockchain 2.0 protocol itself is a Dapp (decentralized application), while for blockchain 1.0, the blockchain is a Dapp that maintains a public transaction ledger.
the case
Some cases are shown in the table below. Among them are OpenBazaar (similar to a decentralized Craigslist), LaZooz (similar to a decentralized Uber), Twister (similar to a decentralized Twitter), Bitmessage (similar to a decentralized SMS), and Storj (similar to a decentralized decentralized file storage).
Dapp profile
Reference: Decentralized Application_Baidu Encyclopedia
DApp (distributed application) is an application built on the basis of blockchain technology, which realizes the advantages of data security, transparency and decentralization through smart contracts and decentralized features . Different from traditional centralized applications, DApp does not have a single control agency, but is jointly maintained and managed by multiple nodes in the network.
The profit methods of DApp can vary according to its characteristics and application scenarios. The following are several common DApp profit methods:
Transaction fee : Many DApps are decentralized trading platforms based on blockchain, and users need to pay a certain fee when conducting transactions on the platform. These fees can become a source of income for DApps.
Token Issuance and Crowdfunding : Many DApps raise funds by issuing their own tokens, which can be used within the DApp or traded on exchanges. Through the issuance of tokens, DApp can obtain financial support for further development and operation.
Advertising and promotion : DApp can earn income by displaying advertisements on the application interface or cooperating with other enterprises for promotion. For example, in game DApps, it is possible to display in-game advertisements or cooperate with game-related brands for promotion.
Subscription and membership fees : Some DApps may provide advanced features or unique services, and users may be charged subscription or membership fees for these special features or services.
Data sales and authorization : Some DApps may collect data, analyze and process it, and then sell the data to interested companies or institutions. In addition, DApp can also earn income by authorizing other companies or institutions to use their data.
As the underlying technology of DApp applications, blockchain can be classified according to its structure and characteristics. Three common classifications of the following blockchains:
Public chain: "Completely decentralized", anyone can participate in it, view and verify the transaction records on the blockchain . Public chains usually have the characteristics of decentralization, and nodes around the world jointly maintain and verify the security and consistency of the blockchain. Bitcoin and Ethereum are common examples of public chains. The advantage of the public chain is that it has a high degree of transparency and security , but due to the large number of participants, there may be problems with network congestion and transaction delays .
Private chain: A private chain is a restricted blockchain network in which only specific institutions or organizations can participate. Private chains typically consist of a set of known and trusted nodes that collectively verify and record transactions. Compared with the public chain, the private chain has higher performance and scalability, and can achieve higher privacy protection. Private chains are usually used in enterprise-internal application scenarios, such as supply chain management and data sharing.
Consortium chain: Consortium chain is a blockchain network jointly managed and maintained by multiple organizations or institutions. A consortium chain usually consists of a known set of nodes that verify and record transactions through a consensus mechanism. The characteristic of the alliance chain is that a trust relationship has been established between participants, and it has a certain authority management mechanism. Consortium chains can be used for cooperation and data sharing between multiple organizations, such as inter-bank payment settlement and cross-border trade.
Reference: What is the most popular DApp recently? _make_transaction_blocks