1. The concept of data envelopment analysis method
1.1 Theoretical background
We often need to evaluate departments or units of the same type (called decision-making units). The evaluation is based on the "input" data and "output" data of the decision-making unit. Some amount of consumption, such as the total amount of funds invested, the total number of labors invested, the area occupied, etc.; the output data is the amount of information that shows the effectiveness of the activity produced by the decision-making unit after a certain input, such as different types of The quantity of products, the quality of products, economic benefits and so on.
In the economy, society and life, every activity of people involves the input and output of resources. People always expect to use the minimum resource input to obtain the maximum output, and use input and output to measure various tasks or Engineering or projects have also become an important way to evaluate efficiency and results. However, in real development, the input and output of any job are rarely one-sided, and are often accompanied by a variety of inputs and multi-faceted outputs. For example, when evaluating the business performance of a bank, it is easiest to use a single-input-single-output analysis, introducing the number of employees as an input indicator and bank deposits as an output indicator; Multi-output analysis, introducing labor costs and rent costs as input factors, and bank deposits and loans as output factors. Based on such analysis dilemma, the emergence of data envelopment analysis provides a new analysis tool for organizational performance evaluation.
1.2 Method overview
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a new interdisciplinary research field among operations research, management science and mathematical economics. Its methods and models have been widely used in different industries and departments since they were proposed by the famous American operations research scientists A. Charnes and WW Cooper in 1978. Commonly used and important analysis tools and research methods. This method is based on multiple