Author's Foreword

Welcome little cuties to come and learn from my gtiee Qin Boss (qin-laoda) - Gitee.com

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sudo

whoami

who

exit

reboot、shutdown

Software Installation

editor vim

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author small nonsense

After the simple learning of the previous LInux commands, the cuties with a good memory have already memorized them, and the cuties with a bad memory should not be discouraged. This is how learning works. Learn the new by reviewing the old. I myself don’t remember a lot, but as long as I can find it, I can learn it well, let it be,

Immediately after the previous article, I have briefly introduced some commonly used commands of linux. In this article, I will introduce the last few and end the simple commands of linux.

Interstitial knowledge

1. When compressing all files and directories, you can use "*" to

sudo

sudo vim  文件名称

Temporarily has administrator privileges

When we modify a read-only file, we cannot modify it. For example:

this cannot be modified

If we apply to the administrator for permission, we can modify it

Run here to enter the password, the password here is your password to log in to the virtual machine

Here may be a little cute and you will think what is the difference between sudo and chmod

Sudo is equivalent to our leader leader can manage all things in our work scope. When a colleague creates a file and uses chmod to give us a read-only permission, sudo (leader) has full permission. When we want to modify this file when:

1. Ask permission from the creator of the file

2. Ask the administrator for permission (borrow it)

sudo -s

sudo -s

Switch to an administrator account

It can be seen that tisugou has become root

Switch to an administrator account. Because general tourist permissions cannot write or execute files on Linux , so when you do not have permission, you can execute this command to write to the administrator account of the server, but you must know the password.

whoami

view current account

whoami

Generally, if you use this command on your own computer, all the root administrator privileges appear . However, when logging in on the company server, the authority of guest visitors may appear. So combined with sudo -s , you can change permissions

who

who

View all logged in users. The login user here does not include the root administrator. Therefore, it will not be displayed when checking in general. Simply put, it is to check all the accounts in your group

Because this group only has my account, so only one account information is displayed

exit

Sign out of your account. The graphical interface is to exit the current terminal; if you use ssh to log in remotely, log out of the login account; if you log in after switching

If you log out, you will return to the last login account.

Prominent writing in the root account

exit；

Log out from personal account

exit ；或者exit

reboot、shutdown

reboot reboot

shutdown shut down

This command will not be demonstrated. Because the general server does not require you to shut down and restart (you must not do this

Do). There are many running programs and services on the company's server, so a hasty shutdown and restart may affect other businesses, so the taboo level of this command is second only to the execution of rm -rf .

And most of the current server usage is displayed in the form of a window interface, such as the virtual machine we use to demonstrate Linux code. If you need to shut down or restart, just operate it directly on the graphical interface.

Software Installation

sudo apt-get update 更新源

Download the installation package from the update source with administrator privileges. The update source here is a URL, which means to make a request to this URL and download the software package on the URL

sudo apt-get install package 安装包

Install this package with administrator privileges. The installation package is the one downloaded from above.

sudo apt-get remove package 安装包

Delete this installation package with administrator privileges.

apt-get is an installation command, there are many installation commands in linux, here is just one of them

editor vim

This is the editor that comes with Linux , which is used to edit text or code inside Linux . Enter vim directly to enter directly

editor. In the shell environment ( like Python , it is also a scripting language. The prompt at the beginning is $ ), and entering vi can also enter this editor. The Linux environment we use is a direct shell environment. If vim cannot be entered, vi is used .

The simple understanding is that vim==vi

vim has three modes:

command mode

At any time, just press the ESC key to enter the command line mode. The editor command at this time is used to complete the corresponding

action. If the command is correct, it will be executed. If it is incorrect, it will be marked in red at the bottom, telling you that the command does not exist or is incorrect. In vim 's command mode, be sure to pay attention to the case of the command.

edit mode

In the command mode, input lowercase letters i , a , o , c , r , s will enter the edit mode, although their command operation results are not

same. In this mode, you can edit text.

last row pattern

In the command mode, enter the English colon : , and you can see the colon at the bottom of the window, which also means that the last line mode has been executed.

Entering the last line mode, we use the most to exit the file.

To say so much is to make us clear that there are three modes: command mode, edit mode, and last line mode

Vim basic operation

sentence, any input operation will not edit the text content. The command mode is equivalent to a transfer station. For example, we can enter the edit mode through the command i or : enter the last line mode, but we cannot directly jump between the edit mode and the last line mode. We must first use the esc key to enter the command mode , to enter another mode during operation.

picture demo