Container lifecycle management commands

Table of contents

exec

grammar

example

create

grammar

example

pause/unpause

grammar

example

rm

grammar

example

kill

grammar

example

start/stop/restart

grammar

example

run

grammar

example

---

exec

docker exec : execute a command in a running container

grammar

docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

Description of OPTIONS:

• -d : detached mode: run in background
• -i : keep STDIN open even if not attached
• -t : allocate a pseudo terminal

example

Execute the /root/runoob.sh script in the container in interactive mode in the container mynginx:

runoob@runoob:~$ docker exec -it mynginx /bin/sh /root/runoob.sh
http://www.runoob.com/

Open a terminal in interactive mode in the container mynginx:

runoob@runoob:~$ docker exec -i -t  mynginx /bin/bash
root@b1a0703e41e7:/#

You can also use the docker ps -a command to view the running container, and then use the container ID to enter the container.

View the container IDs that are already running:

# docker ps -a 
...
9df70f9a0714        openjdk             "/usercode/script.sh…" 
...

9df70f9a0714 in the first column is the container ID.

Execute bash on the specified container through the exec command:

# docker exec -it 9df70f9a0714 /bin/bash

create

docker create : create a new container without starting it

The usage is the same as  docker run

grammar

docker create [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

Description of OPTIONS:

• -a stdin:  Specifies the standard input and output content type, optional STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR three items;
• -d:  Run the container in the background and return the container ID;
• -i:  Run the container in interactive mode, usually used together with -t;
• -P:  Random port mapping, the internal port of the container is randomly mapped to the port of the host
• -p:  Specify port mapping in the format: host (host) port: container port
• -t:  Reassign a pseudo-input terminal for the container, usually used together with -i;
• --name="nginx-lb":  Specify a name for the container;
• --dns 8.8.8.8:  Specify the DNS server used by the container, which is the same as the host by default;
• --dns-search example.com:  Specifies the container DNS search domain name, which is the same as the host by default;
• -h "mars":  specify the hostname of the container;
• -e username="ritchie":  set environment variables;
• --env-file=[]:  read environment variables from the specified file;
• --cpuset="0-2" or --cpuset="0,1,2":  Bind the container to the specified CPU to run;
• -m : Set the maximum amount of memory used by the container;
• --net="bridge":  Specify the network connection type of the container, support bridge/host/none/container: four types;
• --link=[]:  add a link to another container;
• --expose=[]:  open a port or a group of ports;
• --volume , -v:  bind a volume

example

Create a container using the docker image nginx:latest and name the container myrunoob

runoob@runoob:~$ docker create  --name myrunoob  nginx:latest      
09b93464c2f75b7b69f83d56a9cfc23ceb50a48a9db7652ee4c27e3e2cb1961f

pause/unpause

• docker pause  : Pauses all processes in the container.
• docker unpause  : Resume all processes in the container.

grammar

docker pause CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

docker unpause CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

example

Suspend the service of database container db01.

docker pause db01

The recovery database container db01 is serviced.

docker unpause db01

rm

docker rm : Remove one or more containers.

grammar

docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Description of OPTIONS:

• -f : Forcefully kill a running container via the SIGKILL signal.
• -l : Remove the network connection between containers, not the container itself.
• -v : Delete the volume associated with the container.

example

Forcibly delete containers db01, db02:

docker rm -f db01 db02

Remove the connection of container nginx01 to container db01, the connection name is db:

docker rm -l db 

Delete the container nginx01, and delete the data volume mounted on the container:

docker rm -v nginx01

Remove all stopped containers:

docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)

kill

docker kill  : kills a running container.

grammar

docker kill [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Description of OPTIONS:

• -s : send a signal to the container

example

Kill the running container mynginx

runoob@runoob:~$ docker kill -s KILL mynginx
mynginx

start/stop/restart

• docker start  : Start one or more containers that have been stopped
• docker stop  : Stop a running container
• docker restart  : restart the container

grammar

docker start [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

docker stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

docker restart [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

example

Start the stopped container myrunoob

docker start myrunoob

Stop the running container myrunoob

docker stop myrunoob

Restart the container myrunoob

docker restart myrunoob

run

docker run : create a new container and run a command

grammar

docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

Description of OPTIONS:

• -a stdin:  Specifies the standard input and output content type, optional STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR three items;
• -d:  Run the container in the background and return the container ID;
• -i:  Run the container in interactive mode, usually used together with -t;
• -P:  Random port mapping, the internal port of the container is randomly mapped to the port of the host
• -p:  Specify port mapping in the format: host (host) port: container port
• -t:  Reassign a pseudo-input terminal for the container, usually used together with -i;
• --name="nginx-lb":  Specify a name for the container;
• --dns 8.8.8.8:  Specify the DNS server used by the container, which is the same as the host by default;
• --dns-search example.com:  Specifies the container DNS search domain name, which is the same as the host by default;
• -h "mars":  specify the hostname of the container;
• -e username="ritchie":  set environment variables;
• --env-file=[]:  read environment variables from the specified file;
• --cpuset="0-2" or --cpuset="0,1,2":  Bind the container to the specified CPU to run;
• -m : Set the maximum amount of memory used by the container;
• --net="bridge":  Specify the network connection type of the container, support bridge/host/none/container: four types;
• --link=[]:  add a link to another container;
• --expose=[]:  open a port or a group of ports;
• --volume , -v:  bind a volume

example

Use the docker image nginx:latest to start a container in background mode, and name the container mynginx.

docker run --name mynginx -d nginx:latest

Use the image nginx:latest to start a container in background mode, and map port 80 of the container to a random port on the host.

docker run -P -d nginx:latest

Use the mirror nginx:latest to start a container in background mode, map port 80 of the container to port 80 of the host, and map the directory /data of the host to /data of the container.

docker run -p 80:80 -v /data:/data -d nginx:latest

Bind port 8080 of the container and map it to port 80 of the local host 127.0.0.1.

$ docker run -p 127.0.0.1:80:8080/tcp ubuntu bash

Use the image nginx:latest to start a container in interactive mode, and execute the /bin/bash command in the container. /bin/bash : After the image name is the command, here we hope to have an interactive shell, so /bin/bash is used.

runoob@runoob:~$ docker run -it nginx:latest /bin/bash
root@b8573233d675:/# 

To exit the terminal, type  exit directly :

root@ed09e4490c57:/# exit