1. When do testers need to participate in demand analysis?
If the conditions are sequential, in principle, the earlier you intervene in the requirements analysis, the better, because the deeper the testers understand the requirements, the more beneficial it is for the development of the test work. You can determine the test ideas as early as possible to reduce the interaction with the developers and reduce the deviation in understanding the requirements.
2. The relationship between software testing and debugging
The test conditions are known, the procedures can be defined, and the results can be predicted
The test can be planned and the process can be controlled
Testing is inspection, debugging is reasoning process
Tests show program fails, debug shows correct
Tests don't need to know design details
Testing is done by non-designers
The test has a theoretical basis
Tests can be automated
3. Compare the differences and connections between black box testing, white box testing, unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing
Black-box testing: The test object is regarded as a black box, and the tester does not consider the logical structure and internal characteristics at all, and only checks whether the function of the program meets its function description according to the requirement specification of the program. White-box testing: Treat the test object as a transparent box, allowing testers to use the internal logical structure and related information of the program to design or select test cases to test all logical paths of the program. Unit testing: A type of white box testing that tests unit modules in software design. Integration test: Based on unit test, test the connection and assembly between unit modules. System Testing: The system is tested with all things considered. Acceptance testing: Testing performed by a third party to confirm that the software satisfies the requirements.
4. What is compatibility testing? What aspects does compatibility testing focus on?
Compatibility testing is mainly to check whether the software can run normally on different hardware platforms and software platforms, which is commonly referred to as software portability.
Compatible types, if subdivided, include platform compatibility, network compatibility, database compatibility, and data format compatibility.
The focus of the compatibility test is the analysis of the compatible environment. Usually, compatibility is only required when the environment in which the software is running is not very certain. According to the needs of software operation, or according to the requirements document, it is generally possible to obtain the environment in which the user will use the software, organize these environments into a form, and then obtain the compatible environment for compatibility testing.
The difference between compatibility and configuration testing is that configuration testing is usually not done under Clean OS, while compatibility testing is mostly done under Clean OS environment.
5. Can all software defects be fixed? Do all software bugs have to be fixed?
Technically, all software defects can be repaired, but it is not necessary to fix all software defects. What testers have to do is to be able to correctly judge when they cannot pursue the perfection of the software. For the entire project team, what has to be done is to make trade-offs for each software defect, and decide which defects need to be repaired according to the risk. The main reasons for this phenomenon are as follows:
- Insufficient time resources. In any project, there are usually not enough developers and testers, and there is not enough regression testing time budgeted in the project. In addition, modifying defects may introduce new defects, so the strong pressure on delivery deadlines In this case, certain deficiencies must be waived.
- Some bugs only appear in special cases. This kind of bug is considered in commercial interests and can be repaired in future upgrades.
-Not a defect of a defect. We often encounter some functional issues that are treated as defects, which can be considered and dealt with later when there is time.
The last thing to say is that software testers, project managers, and programmers should discuss whether to fix the defect or not. People with different roles think from different angles to make the right decision.
6. Briefly describe the life cycle of defects?
Reference answer: Submit -> Confirm -> Assign -> Fix -> Validate -> Close
7. If a defect is submitted, the developer thinks it is not a problem, how to deal with it?
1. First, submit the problem to the defect management library for filing.
2. Then, to obtain the basis and standards for judgment:
(1) According to the requirements specification, product description, design documents, etc., confirm whether the actual results are inconsistent with the plan, and provide a direct basis for confirming whether the defect is confirmed;
(2) If there is no document basis, you can explain whether there is any inconsistency based on the general characteristics of similar software to confirm whether it is a defect;
(3) According to the user's general usage habits, to confirm whether it is a defect;
(4) Discuss with relevant personnel such as designers, developers and customer representatives to confirm whether it is a defect;
3. Make a reasonable discussion, explain the reasons for your judgment to the test manager, pay attention to objectivity, rigor, and do not mix personal emotions.
4. Wait for the test manager to make a final decision. If there are still disputes, you can report to the superior through the channels provided by the company policy, and the superior will make a decision.
8. If a defect is submitted, the developer thinks it is not a problem, how to deal with it?
1. First, submit the problem to the defect management library for filing.
2. Then, to obtain the basis and standards for judgment:
(1) According to the requirements specification, product description, design documents, etc., confirm whether the actual results are inconsistent with the plan, and provide a direct basis for confirming whether the defect is confirmed;
(2) If there is no document basis, you can explain whether there is any inconsistency based on the general characteristics of similar software to confirm whether it is a defect;
(3) According to the user's general usage habits, to confirm whether it is a defect;
(4) Discuss with relevant personnel such as designers, developers and customer representatives to confirm whether it is a defect;
3. Make a reasonable discussion, explain the reasons for your judgment to the test manager, pay attention to objectivity, rigor, and do not mix personal emotions.
4. Wait for the test manager to make a final decision. If there are still disputes, you can report to the superior through the channels provided by the company policy, and the superior will make a decision.
9. What is a relational database, what are the primary key, foreign key, and index?
A relational database is a database composed of multiple two-dimensional row-column tables that can be connected to each other
The primary key is one or more fields in the table whose value is used to uniquely identify a record in the table
A foreign key represents a related link between two relationships. A table with a foreign key of another relationship as its primary key is called a primary table, and a table with a foreign key is called a secondary table of the primary table. foreign key
In a relational database, an index is a separate, physical storage structure that sorts the values of one or more columns in a database table. A list of logical pointers to the data pages in which these values are physically identified.
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1. What are the stages in the software life cycle? What are the common software life cycle models?
2. What is version control, and what are the commonly used version control systems?
3. What are the three major database paradigms?
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5. How many input formats does MySQL binlog have? What are the differences?
6. Storage engine selection?
7. What is an index?
8. What are the advantages and disadvantages of indexes?
…
1. What command is used to switch directories?
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4. Which command is used to delete files?
5. Statistics on the content of the file? (line number, word count, byte count)
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…
1. Please write down which label elements will be included under the table label?
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5. Which attribute defines the request type on the form tag? Which attribute defines the request address?
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7. What is the difference between before and ::before?
8. How to center a div. up, down, left, and right?
…
1. What is the focus of automation tool selection?
2. What are the commonly used automated testing tools for mobile applications?
3. What is automated testing?
4. What are the advantages of automated testing?
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Jmeter?
…
1. What is the type of processor in JMeter?
2. Explain what is a preprocessor element? List some preprocessor elements?
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