Front-end bloggers are keen on all kinds of front-end oriented operations. They often write wherever they think of. If you are interested in technology and front-end effects, you can leave a message. After seeing it, the blogger will replace everyone’s stepping on the pit. Homepage:
oliver Yin Motto on the homepage
: If you fall down, get up~
I. Introduction
The content of this article comes from "State of Frontend 2022" , which is a report on the front end of 2022 at home and abroad. This report was actually published before. When chatting with our company's friends recently, I found that some friends are interested but I haven't seen it, so I want to share a part of it briefly, have fun watching it!
Read it patiently, maybe you will gain something~
2. Text content
This survey report is divided into 13 subsections . This article is a summary of 1-5. The report shares some of the current status of the front-end ecosystem in 2022 from different angles. Some are expected and some are beyond expectations;
2.1 01 Intro
The first section is a brief overview of the research objects, regions and overall content, and explains the background of the report. This report comes from 3,703 developers in 125 countries, and there are 19 front-end experts ;
And the report also said that compared with the rapid changes in the front-end in previous years, the front-end in 2022 will gradually become mature and stable. New frameworks are indeed being introduced continuously, but the implementation of these new frameworks in some fields has not been so smooth ( PS: After all, React and Vue are very mature)
Then there are some thanks and promotions, not that important~skip~
2.2 02 Developers & work conditions
The second section is a statistics on developers and working environment ~ as follows:
The first is the working conditions. Among the respondents, as many as 56% of the developers said they worked remotely, and only 5% said they worked in the office . The proportion of remote developers is so high, and this working concept is very novel So much so that this point is not counted in the 2020 report...
Whether this kind of working conditions can continue this year is an unknown state. After all, the disadvantages of this working mode are obvious, and the communication cost will be greatly increased. Compared with the pure remote office, the mixed mode may be more suitable for the actual situation , that is, part of the time at home, part time in the office;
Then there is the statistics of developers working on the front end. The statistics show that those who do the front end are not necessarily front-end engineers , and there are many other people who are doing front-end work part-time! (PS: Haha... But we must be vigilant, which shows that the front-end technology is easy to get started and the competition is more intense)
Then there are statistics on the working years. 28.4% of the developers have worked for 5 to 10 years, and 24.1% of the developers said that they have worked for more than 10 years ... (PS: It is also a good thing, which shows that the front-end industry is deeply cultivated. conditions);
Among them, more than half of them have become intermediate and senior positions, 28.9% are intermediate, 28.6% are senior, and there are chief technology officers, technical leaders, etc. (PS: From the statistical point of view, promotion to the core of the team, Leaders and chief technology officers are all possible . Of course, proficiency in the front end at this level is one aspect. In addition to excellent vision, the front and back ends, and various technology stacks must be well understood. I have never heard of relying on the front end alone. Or just rely on the back end to reach the CTO's)
In addition, it is worth noting that about 18% of the respondents in this report are from non-technology companies . To some extent, this report has certain credibility; (PS: Of course, it is only is somewhat believable)
2.3 03 Frameworks
从这一节开始就是关于技术的了，开发者会为项目选择一个好的框架～并且会遵循一些社区上关于使用的最佳实践～
在过去的一年中最受欢迎的框架前三名分别是：React，Next.js，Vue.js;（PS：最受欢迎的框架依然还是React，但是翻看一下国内的招聘软件，中小型公司的前端技术栈更偏向于Vue，中大型企业更倾向于React，具体还得看项目组）
过去一年中最不受欢迎的框架前三名是：Angular，React，Gatsby;（PS：Angular真的是时代的眼泪了.....翻看了多个招聘软件，对于Angular的需求真的是少之又少，基本就是老旧项目的维护，个人不建议投入过多精力去深入了解～有这个精力大把的新框架，新库可以去学习）
在将来最想学习的框架，前三名分别是：Svelte，Remix，Next.js；（PS：Svelte确实可以，但是想要撼动React或者Vue的地位很难...又要到了高呼学不动了，学不动了的时候了，不过国内要求Svelte的比较少，翻了下招聘软件，甚至比Angular还少，对于一般的开发者而言，还是精通React或者Vue来的价值高，这两者绝对是领头地位）
2.4 04 Libraries
过去一年中哪个库是经常用并且最喜欢的，前三名分别是：Axios，Lodash，Redux；（PS：Axios的使用率是真的高，超过60%了，Axios与其说是一个库，某种程度上可以说它是一种标准了！）
接着报告说到Redux，Redux很难但是真的很有用，它可以很好的处理大型项目的状态管理，但是，Redux的入门难度非常高，初期对于Redux可能很难接受，但尽管难，也要学习，因为它可以给简历增色；（PS：Redux虽然说是单独的一个库，但我翻看了一下招聘软件，发现用到Redux几乎都是React，在Vue为主的相关的岗位里更多的要求是针对VueX的，要不要学，看个人，我建议初学者可以不考虑，前端的生态圈很庞大，Redux的优先级并没有特别高）；
过去一年中，最不喜欢的库，前三名分别是：Redux，Moment，Lodash；
Redux的高难度成为第一名完全可以理解，重点是第二名Monent，这个库官方自己都已经不再维护，并且推荐其他库了，仍然有超过40%的人使用了它....
在未来有哪个库是希望学习的，前三名分别是：Apollo，RxJS，Relay;（PS：好家伙，直接好家伙，讲真的，这三个库之前都没有听说过，看来还得继续去了解了解啊～）
在过去的一年中，关于组件库 或者说UI框架这一块最喜欢的是：
将近30%的人喜欢自己自定义，这也是正常的，类似于AntDesign这种其实更适合于admin类型的后台管理系统，如果是直接面向用户的，那么必然还是要跟着设计师走的；
至于CSS的工具中，SCSS占据了半壁江山，报告中直接说到
Having nearly half of respondents say they don’t only use SASS but it’s the favorite is incredible to me, and I happen to agree since it’s a favorite of mine as well
（PS：在现代框架中，SCSS，Less等CSS辅助工具已然是非常重要的一环，如果小伙伴对这一块还没有来得及学习，我建议认真看一下，它的优先级我觉得仅仅在框架之后，还是非常有必要的）
另外，值得注意的是 Tailwind，它的排名能有这么高是着实没有想到的，在结合框架的情况下使用这种编写方式可能真的对工作效率提升巨大吧；
关于开发工具，统计的结果前三名如下：Eslint，Prettier，Webpack；
关于这三者，基本现代项目大多会用到，Eslint不用说，多人协同开发下Eslint确实很有效，不管是语法上还是格式上，与之对应的TSLint是针对TypeScript的，不过以我个人所知道的来说貌似很多团队即使装Eslint，也没有启用，原因很简单，对于不熟悉的来说它极其影响开发效率，以快速交付的团队来说，进度大于质量，为了赶进度，可以适当抛弃一些质量，同理这个原因也适用于TypeScript；
Prettier，格式化工具，使用率非常高，确实好用，也可以配合Eslint进行代码编写规范上的约束；
至于webpack，不能说不好用，只是说它在设计架构上天然弱于Vite，Vite在未来确实可能会替代Webpack；
2.5 05 Typescript
这一个小节讲的全部是关于Typescript，Typescript终于出息了～
过去一年中使用过Typescript的比例高达84%；
这个比例说明Typescript确实已经成为新项目开发的主流，它受到了开发人员的普遍欢迎，报告甚至说到
TS made web development way less frustrating than it was before
它的语法确实可以大大提高程序的可靠性，能在开发阶段就可以帮助我们排查出许多语法问题；它使得前端代码更加可控；不仅如此，在微软的推动下Typescript也许在某一天会成为行业标准！
在现代项目中，很少还会有商业项目会完全不是用TS，如果对这些不是用TS的项目进行调查，那么会发现绝大多数是属于政府类的，科技型的公司已然基本接受Typescript了
关于Typescript的未来，跟前两年的预测相比发生了很大的变化，放在前两年几乎没人敢确定未来是属于JavaScript还是Typescript，毕竟就前端的发展速度来看，一切皆有可能，但今年结果不同了
支持Typescript逐渐变多，虽然还没有到50%，但结果已经出现了一定程度的倾斜；Typescript是否会取代Javascript目前还依然是一个疑问，可以继续往后观察；
三、小结
篇幅的原因，关于报告的内容先分享到这～到这不难发现，说是技术趋于稳定，但前端的发展依然很快，框架依然不断推新中，只不过在React和Vue的统治下很难再出现前几年那种颠覆性的改革；
就现在的前端而言，如果有初学的小伙伴问哪些是前端必须要学的，通过报告的统计以下这几个处于第一梯队，是要优先去学习了解的；
框架：React/Vue，二选一；
前端库：axios，lodash，任意一个类似于ant-design的组件库；
辅助工具：Eslint，Prettier，Webpack；
CSS工具：Scss；
Typescript；