Text Congzi Shun|Programmer Instructions, How to Write High-Quality Code

High-quality code is a vital part of software development. High-quality code can not only improve the maintainability and reusability of software, but also enhance the security and stability of software. At the same time, it can reduce software maintenance costs, improve development efficiency, and provide users with a better experience.

Writing high-quality code is the ultimate goal pursued by every programmer.

Software Engineering Methodology

Before introducing how to write high-quality code, let's talk about the mature software engineering methodology - a series of specifications and standards designed to ensure the quality and maintainability of the software development process. Software engineering methodology is an important prerequisite for ensuring high-quality code. Here are some common software engineering methodologies:

1. Object-Oriented Design (OOD): is an approach to developing software by dividing a problem into objects and classes. By using OOD, the code can be modularized, making it easier to maintain and extend the code;
2. Test-driven development (TDD): It is a development method that writes test code first, and then writes implementation code. This ensures that the code has good test coverage, which leads to better code design;
3. Agile development: is a rapid iterative development method to meet customer needs by delivering usable software as early as possible. Agile development encourages teamwork and constant feedback to ensure software meets user needs.

Characteristics of high-quality code

High-quality code usually has the following characteristics:

1. Readability: Code should be easy to read and understand. Code readability can be improved by following naming conventions, commenting, and documenting code;
2. Maintainability: Code should be easy to maintain and modify. Code maintainability can be improved by using a consistent coding style and format, following best practices, and using modular design;
3. Reliability: Code should perform well in a variety of environments and conditions. The stability of the system can be ensured through reliable algorithms and data structures, appropriate exception handling and error detection mechanisms;
4. Testability: Code should be easy to test. You can improve the testability of your code by writing testable code and following the SOLID principles .

To sum up, high-quality code should be easy to read, maintain and modify, and have good reliability and security.

High-quality code programming practice skills

1. Follow coding standards and best practices: coding standards and best practices are guidelines for writing high-quality code;
2. Follow programming principles: Programming principles are the basis for writing high-quality code. The principles of single responsibility principle, open and closed principle, Liskov substitution principle, dependency inversion principle, and interface isolation principle are all very important. When writing code, these principles should be followed;
3. Code comments: Comments should be clear, concise, and should explain the intent of the code. Good comments explain the intent of the code, design decisions, and potential problems;
4. Unit testing: Unit testing is an important way to ensure code quality. Writing test cases can help you find errors in the code and ensure the correctness of the code;
5. Version control: manage and track code changes to ensure code traceability and recoverability;
6. Error handling: is an important part of writing high-quality code. Consider the various errors that can occur and write code to handle them. Good error handling can enhance the reliability and robustness of your code.

Writing high-quality code requires a series of practical skills. Practical skills such as following coding conventions and best practices, following programming principles, writing good comments, writing unit tests, using version control, etc. are very important. By adopting these practical tips, you can write better code and improve the maintainability and scalability of your code.

example

/**
 * 计算一组数字的平均值
 *
 * @param {Array} numbers - 数字数组
 * @returns {number} 平均值
 * @throws {Error} 如果数组为空，将抛出错误
 */
function calculateAverage(numbers) {
    
    
  // 检查数字数组是否为空
  if (!numbers.length) {
    
    
    throw new Error('数字数组为空，无法计算平均值。');
  }

  // 计算数字数组的总和
  const total = numbers.reduce((acc, cur) => acc + cur, 0);

  // 计算数字数组的平均值
  const average = total / numbers.length;

  return average;
}

Test case:

describe('calculateAverage', () => {
    
    
  it('should return the correct average for a non-empty array', () => {
    
    
    const numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
    const result = calculateAverage(numbers);
    expect(result).toBe(3);
  });

  it('should throw an error for an empty array', () => {
    
    
    const numbers = [];
    expect(() => calculateAverage(numbers)).toThrowError('数字数组为空，无法计算平均值。');
  });
});

serial number	in principle	illustrate
1	Coding Guidelines and Best Practices	Use meaningful function names, clear variable names, and type annotations to better describe function inputs and outputs
2	programming principles	Following the principle of single responsibility, a function is only responsible for handling one thing
3	code comment	Comments are provided for the function
4	unit test	Provides non-empty array, empty array test cases
5	version control	unable to reflect
6	error handling	The input to the function is type checked and an error is thrown if it is inappropriate