1 Introduction
7z, full name 7-Zip, is an open source software. It is currently recognized as the compression and decompression software with the largest compression ratio.
Homepage: http://www.7-zip.org/
Chinese homepage: http://7z.sparanoid.com/
Command line version download: http://7z.sparanoid.com/download.html
For Windows, go to the official website to download the installation package and install
linux using the command: sudo apt install p7zip-full
Note:
The difference between p7zip, p7zip-full and p7zip-rar: The difference
between p7zip and p7zip-full is that p7zip is a lighter version and only supports .7z , while the full version supports more 7z compression algorithms (for audio files, etc.).
The p7zip-rar package provides support for 7z RAR files, and installing p7zip-full should be sufficient in most cases.
The usage format of the 7z command line: 7z <command> [<switch>...] <base_archive_name> [<arguments>...]
here are two parameters that are required, command and base_archive_name, corresponding to the operation and the path of the generated compressed file (or decompressed file)
Main features:
# The new LZMA algorithm increases the compression ratio of the 7z format
# Supported formats:
* Compression/decompression: 7z, XZ, BZIP2, GZIP, TAR, ZIP
* Only compression: ARJ, CAB, CHM, CPIO, DEB, DMG, FAT, HFS, ISO, LZH, LZMA, MBR, MSI, NSIS, NTFS, RAR, RPM, UDF, VHD, WIM, XAR, Z
2) exit code
0 : normal, no errors;
1 : warning, no fatal errors, such as some files are in use, not compressed;
2 : fatal error;
7: command line error;
8: Not enough memory;
255: The user stopped the operation;
3) Use the syntax
7z <command line> [<options>...] <base file name> [<parameter variables>...]
Expressions enclosed in square brackets (characters between "[" and "]") are optional.
The expressions inside the book title (characters between "<" and ">") are expressions that must be replaced (and the parentheses must be removed).
7-Zip supports wildcards similar to Windows:
"*" can use an asterisk instead of zero or more characters.
"?" can replace a single character in the name with a question mark.
If only * is used, 7-Zip will treat it as all files of any extension.
4) Commands and examples
a Add files to archive.
7z a archive1.zip subdir\ : Add all files and subfolders under the subdir folder to archive1.zip, and the file names in archived1.zip include the subdir\ prefix.
7z a archive2.zip .\subdir\* : Add all files and subfolders under the subdir folder to archive1.zip, and the file names in archived2.zip do not contain the subdir\ prefix.
cd /D c:\dir1\
7z ac:\archive3.zip dir2\dir3\ : Filenames in archive3.zip will contain the dir2\dir3\ prefix, but not the c:\dir1 prefix.
7z a Files.7z *.txt -r: Add all txt files in the current folder and its subfolders to Files.7z.
b Test CPU speed and check memory errors.
d deletes files from the archive.
7z d archive.zip *.bak -r : Delete all bak files from archive.zip.
e Extract the files from the compressed archive into the current directory. Or to the specified output folder. The output folder setting can be changed with the -o (set output folder) option. This command will put all the extracted files into a folder. If you want to extract the file using the full path, you must use the x (extract full path) command.
7z e archive.zip : extracts all files from the compressed archive archive.zip to the current folder.
7z e archive.zip -oc:\soft *.cpp : extracts *.cpp files from archive.zip to c:\soft folder.
l List the compressed archive contents.
7z l archive.zip: List the contents of the archive archive.zip.
t Tests the integrity of compressed archive files.
7z t archive.zip *.doc : Test the integrity of the *.doc files in the compressed archive archive.zip.
u Replace older files with newer files in compressed archives.
7z u archive.zip *.doc : Update *.doc files in the compressed archive archive.zip.
x Use the full path to extract the file from the archive in the current directory. Or to the specified output folder.
7z x archive.zip : Extracts all files from the compressed archive archive.zip to the current folder.
7z x archive.zip -oc:\soft *.cpp : extracts *.cpp files from archive.zip to c:\soft folder.
5) More options
-- In the command line, the option switch "-" after "--" is invalid. This allows files whose filenames start with "-" to be used on the command line.
7z t -- -ArchiveName.7z : Test the -ArchiveName.7z compressed archive.
-i Specifies to attach a file or a class of files when compressing. This option can add multiple types of attachments.
i[<recurse_type>]<file_ref> where <recurse_type> can be r[- | 0] (see -r later for the -r option), and <file_ref> can be @{listfile} | !{wildcard}.
7z a -tzip src.zip *.txt -ir!DIR1\*.cpp : Add *.txt files from the current directory, and *.cpp files in the DIR1 directory and its subdirectories to the src.zip archive.
-x Specifies that a file or class of files be excluded from the operation. This option excludes multiple types at the same time.
x[<recurse_type>]<file_ref> where <recurse_type> can be r[- | 0] (see -r later for the specific -r option), and <file_ref> can be @{listfile} | !{wildcard}.
7z a -tzip archive.zip *.txt -x!temp.* : Add all *.txt files except temp.* files to archive.zip.
-o Specifies the output folder for the extracted files. This option can only be used with release command.
7z x archive.zip -oc:\Doc : Extracts all files from archive.zip archive to c:\Doc folder.
-r Recurse subdirectories option.
-r Turn on recursive subdirectories. This option is used by default for e (extract), l (list), t (test), x (full path extract) commands that operate on archives.
-r- Turn off recursive subdirectories. For a (add), d (delete), u (update) and all commands that need to scan disk files, this option will be used by default.
-r0 Turn on recursive subdirectories. But only for wildcards.
7z l archive.zip -r- *.doc : List *.doc files in the root directory of the archive.zip archive.
7z a -tzip archive.zip -r src\*.cpp src\*.h : Add *.cpp and *.h files in the src directory and its subdirectories to the archive.zip archive.
-t Specifies the compressed archive format. Specifies the archive format. They can be in: zip, 7z, rar, cab, gzip, bzip2, tar or other formats. The default is the 7z format.
7z a -tzip archive.zip *.txt : Add all *.txt files from the current directory to the compressed archive archive.zip in zip format.
-y Disables most prompts from 7-Zip when executing commands. You can use this option to suppress prompts for file overwrites in the e (extract) and x (extract full path) commands.
7z x src.zip -y : Extract all files from src.zip. All overwrite prompts will be blocked and all files with the same filename will be overwritten.
-v specifies the volume size.
{Size}[b | k | m | g]
Specify the volume size, you can use bytes, KB (1 KB = 1024 bytes), MB (1 MB = 1024 KB) or GB (1 GB = 1024 MB). If you specify only {Size}, 7-zip will treat it as word.
7z a a.7z *.txt -v10k -v15k -v2m : Create a.7z sub-volume compressed archive. The first volume is 10 KB, the second is 15 KB, and the rest are all 2 MB.
-p specifies the password.
7z x archive.zip -psecret : unpack all files in archive.zip with password "secret".
-ao Specifies how to overwrite existing files of the same name on hard disk during release.
Syntax: -ao[a | s | u]
-aoa directly overwrites existing files without any prompt.
-aos Skip existing files, they will not be overwritten.
-aou Automatically rename the freed file if a file with the same filename already exists. For example, the file file.txt will be automatically renamed to file_1.txt.
-aot If a file with the same filename already exists, automatically rename the existing file. For example, the file file.txt will be automatically renamed to file_1.txt.
7z x test.zip -aoa : extracts all files from archive test.zip and overwrites existing files without prompting.
-an Do not parse the archive_name field on the command line. This option must be used with the -i (append file) switch. For example if you use listing files for archives, you need to specify the -ai option, so you need to disable parsing of the archive_name field on the command line.
For examples, see the following -ai and -ax.
-ai Specifies additional files, including archive filenames and wildcards. This option allows multiple types to be attached at the same time.
ai[<recurse_type>]<file_ref> where <recurse_type> can be r[- | 0] (see -r later for the specific -r option), and <file_ref> can be @{listfile} | !{wildcard}.
7z t -an -air!*.7z : Test *.7z compressed files in the current directory and subdirectories.
-ax Specifies archives that must be excluded from the operation. This option excludes multiple types at the same time.
ax[<recurse_type>]<file_ref> where <recurse_type> can be r[- | 0] (see -r later for the specific -r option), and <file_ref> can be @{listfile} | !{wildcard}.
7z t -an -ai!*.7z -ax!a*.7z : test *.7z archives except a*.7z.
For more uncommon options, you can check the help.
For example: -m sets the compression algorithm;
-scs set the character set of the list file of files to be compressed;
-seml email zip file;
-sfx creates a self-release file;
-si reads data from standard input,
-so from output to standard output;
-slp set large memory mode;
-slt display technical information;
-ssc setting is case sensitive;
-ssw compresses the file being written;
-u update option.
a test.zip ./test/* -mx0
Function: Compress all files in the test folder into zip format files in storage compression mode, and the compressed file is test.zip
Parameter Description:
a is to add option
-tZip for compressed format (-t7z...)
The specific parameters of the compression rate are as follows:
-mx0 only store without compression ----------------- the fastest, no compression, zip size is equal to the original folder
-mx1 extreme compression
-mx3 fast compression
-mx5 standard compression
-mx7 maximum compression
-mx9 extreme compression
Mandatory parameters: the most commonly used commands are a (compression) and x (decompression). Other commands, such as delete and decompression without retaining the directory structure, are generally not used.
Optional parameters: the most commonly used is -t{Type}
The default value of Type is 7z, and there are others such as:
Type Format Example filename
-t7z 7Z archive.7z (default)
-tgzip GZIP archive.gzip，archive.gz
-tzip ZIP archive.zip (compatible)
-tbzip2 BZIP2 archive.bzip2
-ttar TAR tarball.tar (Unix/Linux)
-tiso ISO image.iso (may not be supported)
-tudf UDF disk.udf
The commonly used ones are -t{Type} and -r, -o, -y
For example
7z.exe e -tgzip *.gz
7z.exe and E:\Report\Process\Decote\*.zip -o E:\Report\Process\Decote\
Decompression command: 7z x -tzip -y xx-13.zip (unzip to the current directory, if you need to change the output directory, you need to use -o)
Compression command: 7z a -tzip -r xx.zip a\* b\*
Compress directory a and directory b into one xx.zip
For more details about parameters, please refer to here: http://www.dotnetperls.com/7-zip-examples
Under the Windows 64-bit operating system, in addition to 7z.exe, 7z.dll is also required. I package them into a zip file, otherwise you may encounter the above error when executing the command.