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Reposted from: Python column
In our daily work, we will encounter the operation of excel, so today I will write an article on how to operate excel through python. Of course, there are many libraries for python to operate excel, such as pandas, xlwt/xlrd, openpyxl, etc. Each library has different differences. Let’s take a look at the specific differences~
xlwt/xlrd
xlrd is for reading Excel, and xlrd operates excel in xls/xlxs format
xlwt reads Excel, and xlwt operates excel in xls format
Install
xlrd is a third-party library of python, which needs to be installed through pip
pip install xlrd1. Import the xlrd module
2. Open Excel to complete the instantiation
3. Obtain the corresponding table through the subscript (you can obtain it through the table name)
4. Get the data of the table by column, row or coordinate
Install
xlwt belongs to the third-party library of python and needs to be installed through pip
pip install xlwtWrite Excel data
1. First import the xlwt third-party library
2. Create a workbook module, which is equivalent to creating an xlwt file
3. Create a table through add_sheet
4. Use the write function to complete the write operation on the table
5. Import the written data into Excel
openpyxl
OpenPyXl is a Python module that can be used to process excel tables
Install:
xlrd is a third-party library of python, which needs to be installed through pip
pip install openpyxlWhen using from openpyxl import Workbook or from openpyxl import load_workbook in the code
The difference is that the former does not need to have an excel file, while the latter needs to pass in an excel file
The former can generate one out of thin air, the latter cannot.
Write Excel data using openpyxl
1. Get workbook
2. Get the worksheet
3. Then get the cell to operate
4. Save the file
pandas
Write data in Excel except xlwt and openpyxl. Pandas can also achieve this function.
It incorporates a large number of libraries and some standard data models, provides the tools needed to efficiently operate large data sets, and enables us to process data quickly and easily. Next, let's take a look at how to read and write excel with pandas.
1. Read excel
Reading excel is mainly implemented through the read_excel function. In addition to pandas, a third-party library xlrd needs to be installed.
2. Write to excel
Writing to excel is mainly achieved by constructing a DataFrame through pandas and calling the to_excel method.
The data we are going to read today is some data from the Guazi second-hand car website crawled before. Some of the data are shown as follows:
What we are going to show today is to use the three methods introduced above to write the data of the txt file into excel.
# 标题列表
columns = []
# 数据列表
datas = []
with open('二手车.txt', encoding='utf-8') as fin:
# 首行判断
is_first_line = True
for line in fin:
line = line[:-1]
if is_first_line:
is_first_line = False
columns = line.split('\t')
continue
datas.append(line.split('\t'))
ic(columns)
ic(datas)The read line list and data list data are displayed as follows:
The data is successfully read, and then we use three methods to write it into excel
Use xlwt to generate an excel file of xls
# 使用xlwt生成xls的excel文件
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
sheet = workbook.add_sheet('瓜子二手车')
for col, column in enumerate(columns):
sheet.write(0, col, column)
for row, data in enumerate(datas):
for col, column_data in enumerate(data):
sheet.write(row+1, col, column_data)
workbook.save('瓜子二手车1.xls')
Use openpyxl to generate an excel file of xlsx
# 使用openpyxl生成xlsx的excel文件
from openpyxl import Workbook
workbook = Workbook()
sheet = workbook.active
sheet.title = '默认title'
sheet.append(columns)
for data in datas:
sheet.append(data)
workbook.save('瓜子二手车2.xlsx')
Use pandas to generate excel files of xlsx
# 使用pandas生成xlsx的excel文件
import pandas as pd
rcv_data = pd.read_csv('二手车.txt', sep='\t')
rcv_data.head()
ic(rcv_data)
rcv_data.to_excel('瓜子二手车3.xlsx', index = False)
The above are the three methods of writing data into excel that I will introduce to you today. This writing method is still in high demand in actual work, and interested friends can operate it.
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