In this issue, the editor will bring you the basic knowledge of automated testing. Students who are studying and will improve their learning automation can refer to it by themselves. I hope everyone can get promoted and raise their salary as soon as possible!
Let's follow the editor to learn about the automated testing framework and its principles!
automated testing framework
The automated testing framework needs to be implemented based on specific programming languages and testing tools, and is mainly used to support automated test execution and management.
Its components have the following aspects: test script library, test engine, test report. Among them, the test report needs to present the test results clearly and simply, and give corresponding analysis and suggestions.
Automated test framework design principles
01. Code specification
With the continuous advancement of the business, secondary development of the code will inevitably be involved. Therefore, the writing of the code should conform to the general specification, the naming of the code should also conform to the industry standard, and the code level should be clear. Good code specifications are especially important in large-scale projects and multi-person collaborative projects. If the code style of the entire framework is mixed and obscure, subsequent maintenance will be difficult.
02. The module is clear and clear
Modularization is to logically divide the test framework into several different modules. Its advantage is that it can be reused and is easy to replace and modify. Of course, if the test framework is not modularized and the test report is coupled in the framework code, it will cause a series of problems that the test report cannot be switched or the switching cost is too high, and it will be difficult to change it.
03. Strong versatility
The test framework can be used in different operating systems. It is not only applicable to the Windows operating system, but also to the MacOS and Linux systems. The more general the test framework, the more audience it will have. It can solve the same general problem. For example, the test framework has an underlying method for operating pop-up boxes. Whether it is an Alert box, a confirmation box, or an interactive box that allows user input, the test framework should be able to recognize and operate it.
04. Maintainable and scalable
(1) Maintainability: The test framework needs to be easy to maintain, conform to certain code specifications, have clear modules, and the code style of the entire test framework must be unified, easy to read, and easy to understand. It needs to be easy to locate and modify when there is a problem with the framework, and when multiple people cooperate with the framework, the framework code should appear to be from the same hand.
(2) Scalability: It means that the framework is easy to expand when the requirements change. If the test framework cannot be expanded and cannot solve new problems brought about by business development, the life of the test framework will be very short.
05. Error handling mechanism
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During the test run, it is inevitable that there will be various running errors, so the test framework must have the ability to handle errors efficiently. Error handling mechanisms can generally be divided into stop operation and error recovery.
06. The system log is clear and convenient
The operation log of the system can also quickly troubleshoot the root cause of the problem, so the log must be clear and detailed, preferably with context, so as to facilitate effective debugging based on the log and quickly locate the cause of the error.
07. Support test environment switching
The test environments that a product needs to go through from development to launch include dev environment, integrated test environment, pre-production environment, and production environment. Therefore, the test framework should satisfy a set of scripts that can run in multiple environments, support environment switching, and be able to automatically configure according to the environment.
08. Support external data drive
The test framework will parse the test cases with the same steps and operations into multiple different independent test cases at runtime, and display them in the test report one by one after the test runs. According to the external input data, dynamically switch the running use cases.
09. Support sequential and concurrent remote operation
When there are thousands or even tens of thousands of test cases, sequential testing will take a lot of time. In order to get test results quickly, the test framework should support sequential, concurrent, and remote execution, which can shorten the overall execution time of test cases.
10. The report is complete and detailed
The test report is an important part of the QA work, and is usually issued at the end of a project or the end of a sprint. A complete and detailed test report can not only know what work QA has done, but also can see whether the life cycle of the entire project is running smoothly or not, and the quality of the software.
11. Solve current unsolved problems
From a functional point of view, frameworks are recognized as either solving problems that are currently unsolvable, or that the solution is better than the current one. Therefore, whether a framework can be recognized depends on whether it has unique functional characteristics.
12. Version control, retrospective review
In fact, version control is to bring the code under the management of the version control system. With version control, different versions of test code can appear in different branches, otherwise, only one version of the code can be maintained at a time, which is very inconvenient. It not only makes collaborative development and version switching very easy, but users can also understand the development of the framework by viewing the changes between versions.
13. Continuous integration, starting from the overall situation
"Continuous integration" starts from the entire company's business and needs to be completed in cooperation with the entire development team. The test framework should be easily integrated into the company's continuous integration system, and the test should be triggered through the continuous integration system.
Finally a tutorial to help you!
This information should be the most comprehensive and complete preparation information for [software testing] friends. In order to better organize each module, I also refer to many high-quality blog posts and projects on the Internet, and try not to miss every single one. Knowledge points, these materials also accompanied me through the most difficult road, I hope it can help you too! ! !
