Web Automation Testing: Test Case Assertions

When running a test case, it is necessary to judge whether the test case is executed successfully. At this time, we need to have a result we expect to verify. In unittest here, if an error is reported during the execution of a case, or our judgment result does not meet expectations, it will be judged that the execution of this use case has failed. The judgment condition is mainly realized based on assertions. This section mainly learns the use of assertions.

1. The method of assertion

1.1 Some assertion methods in the TestCase class

Judging whether the condition is established

assert_(expr,msg)

• expr: Judgment condition, return Boolean value
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Determine whether two data values ​​are the same

assertEqual(first,second,msg)

• first: the first data
• second: the second data
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Determine whether the values ​​of two data are different

assertEqual(first,second,msg)

• first: the first data
• second: the second data
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Determine whether the condition is true

assertTrue(expr,msg)

• expr: judgment condition
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Check if the condition is false

assertFalse(expr,msg)

• expr: judgment condition
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Determine whether two data are the same

assertIs(first,second,msg)

• first: the first data
• second: the second data
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Determine whether two data are different

assertIsNot(first,second,msg)

• first: the first data
• second: the second data
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Determine whether the data exists

assertIsNone(obj,msg)

• obj: the transmitted data
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Determine whether the data does not exist

assertIsNotNone(obj,msg)

• obj: the transmitted data
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Determine whether data a is contained in data b

assertIn(a,b,msg)

• a: data a
• b: data b
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

Determine whether data a is not included in data b

assertNotIn(a,b,msg)

• a: data a
• b: data b
• msg: the message displayed after the judgment fails

1.2 Directly use assert assertion

Get used to directly using the assert assertion in python instead of the assertion method in unittest.TestCase:

Specifically, you can use it directly:

assert a == b

assert a != b

assert a in b

assert a not in b

assert a in None

assert a in not None

2. Use assertions in the framework

Since each class inherits unittest.TestCase when using unittest, when using it, use self directly in the method to call the assertion method.

import unittest
 
class Demo(unittest.TestCase):
 
    def test_01(self):
        self.assertEqual("demo","demo","两者不相等")

If you use assert assertion directly, you can call it directly.

import unittest
 
class Demo(unittest.TestCase):
 
    def test_01(self):
        assert "demo" == "demo"

3. Example demonstration

Here is an example of Baidu Tieba. The first case is to open a new page, and then judge whether the title of the new page is what we expect. The second case is that we deliberately judge a wrong title, which makes the assertion fail. These two cases Also use the above two assertion methods separately.

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
import unittest
from time import sleep
 
 
class PcLogin(unittest.TestCase):
 
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        print("所有测试开始")
 
    def setUp(self):
        print("测试开始")
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(30)
        self.driver.set_page_load_timeout(30)
        self.driver.get("https://tieba.baidu.com/")
 
    def test_01_demo(self):
        """打开新页签"""
        self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector("a[title = '娱乐明星']").click()
        all = self.driver.window_handles
        self.driver.switch_to.window(all[1])
        sleep(5)
        assert self.driver.title == "娱乐明星_百度贴吧", "断言失败，当前页面title是%s " % self.driver.title
 
    def test_02_demo2(self):
        """判断首页标题"""
        # 这个例子会断言失败
        self.assertEqual(self.driver.title, "娱乐明星_百度贴吧")
 
    def tearDown(self):
        print("测试完成")
        self.driver.close()
 
    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        print("所有测试结束")
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

Running results: (two use cases were run, one of which failed; in line with our expected results)

所有测试开始
测试开始
测试完成
.测试开始
测试完成
F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_02_demo2 (__main__.PcLogin)
判断首页标题
所有测试结束
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:/1git/uitest/test_case/demo.py", line 30, in test_02_demo2
    self.assertEqual(self.driver.title, "娱乐明星_百度贴吧")
AssertionError: '百度贴吧——全球最大的中文社区' != '娱乐明星_百度贴吧'
- 百度贴吧——全球最大的中文社区
+ 娱乐明星_百度贴吧
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 35.273s
 
FAILED (failures=1)
 
Process finished with exit code 1

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