https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ua4y1V7Db
Table of contents
Step 1: Import the Selenium library
Step 2: Create a WebDriver object
Step 4: Simulate user operations
Summary:
With the rapid development of web applications, more and more enterprises and developers begin to use automated testing tools to improve software quality and development efficiency. This article will introduce a commonly used web automation testing college tool - Selenium, and combine it with Python language to write code, and explain its use in detail.
What is Selenium
Selenium is a free and open source automated testing tool originally created for web application testing. It can simulate user behavior in the browser, such as clicking, filling out forms, submitting data, etc., and handling various situations such as JavaScript pop-up boxes and dialog boxes. Selenium supports multiple programming languages, such as Java, Python, C#, etc., and also supports multiple browsers, including Chrome, Firefox, IE, etc.
Install Selenium
First you need to install the Selenium library:
pip install seleniumAt the same time, you also need to download the corresponding browser version of WebDriver, which is used to connect Selenium and the browser driver. You can download it from the official website or install it through the following link:
After downloading, you need to place the WebDriver.exe file in the directory specified by the system environment variable PATH.
Write automated test scripts
Next, we will write a piece of Python code to demonstrate how to use Selenium for automated testing. Suppose we want to test a website login function, the following are the implementation steps:
Step 1: Import the Selenium library
from selenium import webdriverStep 2: Create a WebDriver object
Select browser type and launch:
driver = webdriver.Chrome() # 使用Chrome浏览器Step 3: Open the test page
url = "https://www.example.com/login.html"
driver.get(url)
Step 4: Simulate user operations
Get the input box through the element ID and fill in the username and password:
username_input = driver.find_element_by_id("username")
password_input = driver.find_element_by_id("password")
username_input.send_keys("my_username")
password_input.send_keys("my_password")
Click the login button:
login_button = driver.find_element_by_id("login-button")
login_button.click()
Step 5: Assert test results
Determine whether the login is successful, for example, if you see the welcome message, it is considered successful:
welcome_msg = driver.find_element_by_id("welcome-msg").text
assert "Welcome" in welcome_msg
Step 6: Close the browser
driver.quit()
So far, we have completed a simple automated test case. The complete code is as follows:
from selenium import webdriver
# 创建WebDriver对象
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# 打开测试页面
url = "https://www.example.com/login.html"
driver.get(url)
# 模拟用户操作
username_input = driver.find_element_by_id("username")
password_input = driver.find_element_by_id("password")
username_input.send_keys("my_username")
password_input.send_keys("my_password")
login_button = driver.find_element_by_id("login-button")
login_button.click()
# 断言测试结果
welcome_msg = driver.find_element_by_id("welcome-msg").text
assert "Welcome" in welcome_msg
# 关闭浏览器
driver.quit()
Summarize
This article introduces how to use Selenium, a web automation testing university tool, and demonstrates how to implement a simple login function automation test in combination with Python writing code. As a commonly used automated testing tool, Selenium is widely used in enterprises and developers to help them improve software quality and development efficiency. In addition to the login function, Selenium can also be used to test various other Web application scenarios, such as registration, shopping process, search, etc., and also supports multiple browsers and operating systems.
Of course, automated testing is not a panacea, and it also has some limitations, such as the inability to test human-computer interaction parts such as verification codes. In addition, automated testing requires writing and maintaining test scripts, and in some cases, false positives or false negatives may occur. Therefore, in actual use, it is necessary to choose whether to use automated testing according to the specific situation, and to carry out reasonable test design and execution for specific scenarios.
In short, Selenium, as a common web automation testing tool, has the advantages of being easy to use, free and open source, and supporting multiple languages, which can help companies and developers improve software quality and development efficiency.
Structural diagram of automated test learning steps:
Automated testing benefits:
