1. Screenshots of the system (if you need a demo video, you can chat privately)
The traditional method of managing student information firstly takes a lot of time, secondly, the data error rate is relatively high, and it is also difficult to change the wrong data, and finally, it is laborious to retrieve the data. Therefore, installing the student information management system software on the computer to play its role in efficient information processing can standardize the student information management process and make the management work systematic and procedural. At the same time, the effective use of the student information management system can help management People process information accurately and quickly.
The student information management system is also very careful in the selection of development tools. In order to facilitate development and implementation, the selected development tool is Eclipse, and the selected database tool is Mysql. In this way, a development environment is built to realize the functions of the student information management system. Among them, the administrator manages the relationship between classes and courses, manages reward and punishment types, courses and professional information. Teachers are responsible for the management of student grades and student rewards and punishment information, and query courses. Students mainly check grades, check rewards and punishment information, and check classes and class courses.
The student information management system is an application system designed and realized by using software development technology. It can achieve fast goals in information processing. Whether it is for data addition, data maintenance and statistics, or data query processing requirements, the student information management system can Can be easily dealt with.
Keywords : student information management system; student achievement; reward and punishment information; class curriculum
directory
1.1 Motivation for topic selection
1.3 Arrangement of paper structure
Chapter 2 Development Environment and Technology
3.1.1 Operation Feasibility Analysis
3.1.2 Economic Feasibility Analysis
3.1.3 Technical Feasibility Analysis
3.3 System performance analysis
4.1 Interface Design Principles
4.2 Functional structure design
4.3.1 Database conceptual design
4.3.2 Database physical design
Chapter 5 System Implementation
5.1 Administrator function realization
5.1.1 Class and course relationship management
5.1.3 Reward and punishment type management
5.2 Realization of teacher function
5.2.2 Student Reward and Punishment Management
5.3 Student function realization
Chapter 1 Introduction _
1.1 Motivation for topic selection
The current network technology and software technology all have a mature theoretical basis, and there are also software developed by various technologies on the market. These software are used in various fields, including the fields of life and work. With the widespread use of computers and notebooks, as well as the improvement and upgrading of various computer hardware, the performance of computers and notebooks on the market has been improved, and the software that can be supported has gradually increased. The role of geoinformation processing is very popular among people. For student information, manual processing is inappropriate when faced with a huge amount of information. First, it takes a lot of time, and second, the data error rate is relatively high, and it is relatively difficult to change the wrong data. Difficulty, and finally, retrieving data is laborious. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to establish a student information management system to standardize the student information management process, so that the management work can be systematized and programmed. At the same time, the effective use of the student information management system can help managers process information accurately and quickly .
1.2 Purpose and significance
The student information management system can centrally manage student information, and can truly avoid the defects of traditional management. The student information management system is an application system designed and realized by using software development technology. It can achieve fast goals in information processing. Whether it is for data addition, data maintenance and statistics, or data query processing requirements, the student information management system can Can be easily dealt with. Therefore, the application of student information management system is the best way to upgrade student information management. It can meet the convenience requirements of information processing, and can also standardize the process of information processing, making transaction processing a simple matter in the hands of managers, rather than the difficult thing that was previously handled manually. Although the student information management system has relatively complete functions, it is also necessary for managers to use their spare time to improve their own quality and personal ability. When operating the student information management system, they can maximize the use of the functions provided by the student information management system, so that the system can meet high requirements. While processing data efficiently, it can also run stably at all times, and can also ensure the reliability of data and the quality of data processing.
1.3 Arrangement of paper structure
This article is divided into 6 chapters in total, and each chapter describes different contents of the system. Next, the research content of this paper is described.
Chapter 1: This chapter is the introduction part of the thesis. Explain the system to be developed from the perspective of the background and significance of the topic.
Chapter 2: This chapter is the technical introduction part. Elaborate the system from the point of view of the technical knowledge that the system needs to use.
Chapter 3: This chapter is the system analysis part. Elaborate the system from the perspectives of system feasibility analysis, system function and performance analysis.
Chapter 4: This chapter is the system design part. The system is expounded from the perspective of system function structure and database design.
Chapter 5: This chapter is the system implementation part. The system is described from the perspective of the operating effect of the system function modules.
Chapter 6: This chapter is the system testing part. The system is described from the perspective of testing system functions and system testing methods.
Chapter 2 Development Environment and Technology
The development of the student information management system needs to build a programming environment, and also needs to conduct investigations, analyze various related technologies, and select technologies and tools suitable for the development of this system.
2.1 MYSQL database
After the topic is determined to be an application program, the design and analysis will begin step by step. This topic requires the database as a data management tool and data carrier. From program function analysis to data analysis, choosing an appropriate relational database is an important part of the current choice. There are not many options for relational databases. There are two from Oracle, two from Microsoft, and one from IBM, that is, these five. Functions and differences do not affect the choice of databases, because these databases can implement applications. If the function is required, then we can only comprehensively consider which database is more suitable from other aspects. As far as the computer hardware used for development is concerned, I bought it when I was a freshman. I didn’t have much money to buy a better computer. It was just for learning. So after so many years of use, the computer has aged and its performance has declined. It is quite powerful, and there are still a lot of learning materials that need to be used. I am facing graduation, and choosing a school computer room is not a long-term plan. It is the most important to choose an old laptop with a suitable database for learning and developing current applications. The result of comprehensive consideration is to choose the MySQL database as the application database, because the MySQL database is small in size and occupies a small amount of memory, does not affect the operation of other software on the computer, and does not need to reinstall the system because of the installation and maintenance of the MySQL database. MySQL database.
2. 2 Introduction to Tomcat
When I first started learning the Java language, I didn't know that Tomcat was still there. Various grammars and various outputs were output on the console. When the Java website was developed, it was inevitable to learn the Tomcat server. To be precise, Tomcat is not a server. It can be said to be a JSP engine or a container. These are more appropriate academically or in principle, but in actual work, Tomcat is used as a web server, because it can realize the website. Publish and run. Because of the working principle, Tomcat generally exists as a lightweight server for small and medium-sized enterprises and the concurrency is not prominent. For example, application systems in certain industries do not have many clients and do not require many connections. , generally use Tomcat. Multiple websites can be configured in Tomcat, and the suffix of the configuration file is config, which is similar to the structure of XML and is relatively clear. Whenever a new version of Java is released, Tomcat will also be upgraded to match the version of Java. The current version of Tomcat has reached version 10. The Tomcat logo is a little yellow cat. When the Tomcat configuration is successful and the general test can see this kitten, it is considered successful, and the next step of configuration can be performed. The Tomcat server is quite suitable for Java website development.
2.3 JSP technology
JSP technology allows beginners to start writing dynamic websites as soon as possible. It does not need to become an advanced Java programmer to write code, which greatly improves the efficiency of learning and writing. It makes it possible to focus on web page developers and focus on back-end logic development for separate and cooperative development, which reduces learning costs. If you don’t need to consider the program running, interpreting and compiling stages, the JSP web page itself can be understood as an ordinary Servlet. The JSP structure is mainly divided into two aspects, one is the exclusive JSP engine, in layman's terms, it is a thing that can implement JSP compilation and run interpretation, and the other is the web server. JSP running and compiling requires the cooperation and mutual cooperation between the JSP engine and the web server. Of course, their division of labor is also very clear, so that they can really run. The JSP container and engine have Tomcat. This Tomcat actually also has Apache’s static code interpretation part. Although it looks like the running effect is similar, it is actually two completely different tools, and the directories in the file system are also different. Of course, if there is Special requirements can also be configured in a special way, and the configuration is relatively flexible. Although Tomcat can run web pages for customers to visit after deploying the website, Tomcat is only a JSP engine rather than a web server. For example, both JRUN and Resin are considered as JSP engines, and the responsibility of the web server is relatively simple, which is to process client requests and return to the client to display the processed data of the request. The JSP engine can run websites written in pure HTML, and can also run dynamic websites written in JSP. It is only more efficient than a simple web server. It is much more powerful, and it is nothing to improve a little efficiency. For the functions that must be realized, JSP technology is chosen.
Chapter 3 System Analysis
The needs of users and other systems similar to this system that exist in the market can be used as reference materials in system analysis. Analysts can determine the functions of this system and analyze the performance of this system based on these information.
3.1 Feasibility analysis
Although the system is produced according to the user's requirements, it is necessary to analyze its feasibility before confirming the production.
3.1.1 Operation Feasibility Analysis
I am familiar with the tools needed to develop this system, so I can use these tools to fully develop the student information management system. In addition, in terms of functions, the student information management system basically completes the processing of information, covering addition, modification, deletion, etc., and what the operator faces is the operation interface of each function, not the coding background, so ordinary users Information processing can be easily completed through the operation interface. Therefore, the system operation is feasible.
3.1.2 Economic Feasibility Analysis
To develop this system, there is no investment in purchasing development tools. Because the development tools used are all downloaded and installed on my computer from Baidu in advance, with the maturity of software development technology, the coding of system function realization is also modularized, which is easy to obtain through major software development websites, and through A small part of code changes is applied to this system, which does not require capital investment. At the same time, the structure of this system development uses B/S, and the cost can be ignored.
3.1.3 Technical Feasibility Analysis
The software required by this system includes Eclipse, Tomcat, Mysql, etc. These tools have been used and used. As for JAVA, B/S, Jsp, Html and other technologies, there are corresponding books in the library for reference and study. These techniques are explained in the small programming projects I learned. In addition, I also exercised my programming skills from the course design assignments. So technically, the programming development of the student information management system can be completed.
Through the above analysis, it has been determined that the system is economically feasible, the system is technically feasible, and the system is operationally feasible. From this, it can be concluded that under the current conditions, the design and implementation of the student information management system can go on.
3.2 System flow analysis
When the system processes data, its internal operation logic also needs to be displayed using corresponding tools.
On the data entry page of this system, there are corresponding inspection rules for each piece of data provided by the operator. For example, the data information cannot have illegal characters, or the data that should be Chinese characters cannot be replaced by letters, and there are restrictions on the data content. The length, etc. are standardized, and such inspection rules that can ensure the accuracy of the data are written in advance when coding. The process of adding data is shown in the figure below. If the data has been saved into the database, it means that the content and format of the data provided by the operator meet the requirements.
Figure 3.1 Add information flow chart
Many times, in the face of a large amount of data in the system, it is inevitable that some errors will be found, so it is necessary to correct the errors in time. This system also provides the function of modifying the data in the later stage. The process is shown in the figure below. But the updated data also needs to pass the data validity check. If it can be finally written into the database, it means that the modified data meets the requirements.
Figure 3.2 Modify information flow chart
Faced with a large amount of data in the database, in the foreground of the system, if you want to quickly obtain the required information, you need to use the query function. Its process is shown in the figure below. This function requires the operator to input keywords in advance. When the background database of the system saves the data matching the keywords, it will be displayed in time, and the whole process takes a very short time.
Figure 3.3 Query information flow chart
3.3 System performance analysis
The performance requirements of the student information management system are mainly analyzed from the following five angles, which are system practicability, system adaptability, system ease of operation, system security and system ease of maintenance.
Performance requirement 1: The practicability of the system. This system mainly allows managers to centrally process relevant information, and can provide convenient and quick operations such as adding information and editing information. While improving the work efficiency of information managers, it can also reduce management costs and greatly reduce the daily tedious workload of managers.
Performance requirement two: system adaptability, this system does not have high requirements for the operating environment, and can be widely used in daily life. Because users can run this system as long as they build an operating environment on their daily computers or portable notebooks, and the basic functions provided by the system, including adding and modifying, can be operated at any time.
Performance requirement three: the ease of operation of the system. The functions provided by this system are the same as those of the same type of system. It also has simple addition, deletion and modification operations. The logic of the operation process is also in line with the needs of users. Users will use this system to manage data. Very smooth.
Performance requirement 4: System security. The safety factor of the system must meet the standard in data storage and management. In the design and coding stage, through the allocation of user rights, the functions of the system are allocated according to the roles of different users. When developing the system, guide different users to enter different operation interfaces by writing safety-verified code modules. It is also possible to encrypt and save basic user information including login account passwords, etc., which can be realized by using the mature MD5 encryption technology commonly used today.
Performance requirement five: easy maintenance of the system. In the later operation of the system, a lot of data information will be generated according to the user's operation. In order to facilitate maintenance, it is required that these data can be exported from the database through tools. For some stages Data can be deleted in batches to achieve the goal of light-load data processing, making the system lighter.
3.4 System function analysis
To complete this part of the content, designers need to make preparations in advance, including conducting research on the actual users of the system to obtain their functional requirements for the system. It is also necessary to obtain the functions of similar systems by referring to and analyzing a large number of documents. Get the function of this system.
The administrator is a role of this system, and its use case is shown in the figure below. The administrator manages the relationship between classes and courses, manages reward and punishment types, courses and professional information.
Figure 3.4 Administrator use case diagram
The teacher is a role of this system, and its use case is shown in the figure below. Teachers are responsible for the management of student grades and student rewards and punishment information, and query courses.
Figure 3.5 Teacher use case diagram
A student is a role of this system, and its use case is shown in the figure below. Students mainly check grades, check rewards and punishment information, and check classes and class courses.
Figure 3.6 Student use case diagram
Chapter 4 System Design
The well-designed systems on the market have a common feature, that is, the theme is clear and prominent. Through the concise and clear layout of the page, the content of the page, including text language, or video pictures and other elements, can clearly express the theme of the system. So that visiting users do not need to spend too much energy and time looking for the content they need.
4.1 Interface Design Principles
Generally speaking, most users use the system, some want to obtain the required information from the system, and some use the services provided by the system. Therefore, in order to improve the user experience and increase the utilization rate of the system, the following principles should be followed when designing the system interface.
The first point is to analyze the users, understand the purpose and way of using the system, consider the reading habits of most users, and design a Z-shaped or F-shaped structure to facilitate users to obtain information.
The second point: design effective navigation, which includes the display of navigation bars on each page, and sometimes the navigation bar can be designed at the bottom of the page. When the user enters a specific page, it is necessary to design a corresponding location prompt, in the page For a special location, you need to design a return link, which can return to the previous page or the home page, etc.
The third point: use a unified design scheme for the entire system, including the consistency of the color scheme, the similarity of the page templates, etc., and the description of the same operations and technical terms should also be consistent throughout the system.
The fourth point: the designed interface should ensure that the conveyed content is clear and accurate. It is necessary to avoid designing a lot of content on the same page. In addition, the system content can be accurately classified, and the position where the user's vision is concentrated on the page can be used to display important information.
As a beginner, I don't have that much design experience, but I can use the interface design principles mentioned above to design a better system, which can give users a good experience.
4.2 Functional structure design
In order to make the coding of the system go smoothly, the functions of this system are subdivided and designed. After the functions of the administrator are subdivided, the designed functional structure is shown in the figure below. The administrator manages the relationship between classes and courses, manages reward and punishment types, courses and professional information.
Figure 4.1 Administrator function structure diagram
After the teacher's function is subdivided, the designed functional structure is shown in the figure below. Teachers are responsible for the management of student grades and student rewards and punishment information, and query courses.
Figure 4.2 Teacher function structure diagram
After the student's functions are subdivided, the designed functional structure is shown in the figure below. Students mainly check grades, check rewards and punishment information, and check classes and class courses.
Figure 4.3 Student function structure diagram
4.3 Database design
Generally speaking, to investigate users and understand their needs is mainly to complete functional analysis and design. As everyone knows, when designing functions, the design of the database must also be displayed. The database serves the program, and it can save the data of the program according to the set rules. Therefore, it can also be said that the database is a collection of program-related data. In order to ensure the high quality of the program, the data storage service provided by the database also needs to respond quickly, and at the same time, the data information must be safe, legal and reliable. Therefore, the task of designing a database also needs to be highly valued, and it takes time and effort to complete it. After all, this affects the development and use of later programs. Just imagine, if you design a bad database, you will encounter the following problems: First, in the face of information processing, there will be cumbersome business logic, which will prolong the transaction processing time. Second: During program coding, more code will be generated to complete the data processing function, resulting in a large amount of data redundancy, and it is not convenient to comment code, and it will take up more storage space. In summary, how important it is to design a reasonable database.
4.3.1 Database concept design
To complete this part, you need to show the final database conceptual model through design, because this is the key in database design. And this conceptual model is also an essential ER model in database design. The reason why the ER model is used to display the content of the conceptual design is mainly because the ER model can more conveniently display entities and the relationship between entities, and the ER model can more conveniently express the meaning of data. This will help in the design of the database.
The establishment of the ER model also requires the use of corresponding software. At present, Visio, one of the members of Microsoft, is frequently used in the market. Of course, the domestic Edraw software can also draw the ER model. No matter which drawing software is used, it is necessary to draw the ER diagram well, or to grasp the meaning of each symbol in the ER diagram. For example, rectangles are often used to represent entities, and ellipse symbols are used to represent the characteristics of entities. Symbols such as diamonds are placed between two rectangles, representing the relationship between entities, and straight line symbols are symbols such as rectangles, ellipses, and rhombuses. to connect. Next, the ER diagram of the system will be displayed.
(1) The attributes of the designed student entity are shown in the figure below.
Figure 4.4 Student entity attribute graph
(2) The attributes of the designed grade entity are shown in the figure below.
Figure 4.5 Grade Entity Attributes Graph
(3) The attributes of the designed teacher entity are shown in the figure below.
Figure 4.6 Teacher entity attribute diagram
- The attributes of the designed student reward and punishment entity are shown in the figure below.
Figure 4.7 Student Rewards and Punishment Entity Attribute Map
- The relationship between the above-mentioned entities designed is shown in the figure below.
Figure 4.8 ER diagram of relationship between entities
4.3.2 Database physical design
As the support of the program background, this database also needs to design the structure of data storage. The design of the data storage structure includes the design and creation of the data table structure. The previously designed ER model will also be used here to build the data table structure.
The data table structure includes information such as fields, data types, and field value ranges. The entity in the ER model is a table, and the characteristics of the entity can be used as fields in the table. According to the information storage requirements of this program, the required type of each field and the value range of the field are designed. Whenever a data table is designed, it needs to be saved in the database in time, and the designed data table should be accurately named. It is required that the name of the data table should not be in Chinese as much as possible, and should be easy to remember. Because in the program coding stage, the data in the program can be written into each data table through SQL statements, and this link needs to use the name of the data table. If the name of the data table is in Chinese, it may be garbled and affect the operation of the program. The results of the design are shown below in tabular form.
Table 4.1 Class information table
| field |
type |
null |
default |
note |
| id (primary key) |
int(11) |
no |
primary key |
|
| zhuanye_types |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
major |
| bunji_name |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
class name |
| create_time |
timestamp |
yes |
NULL |
creation time |
Table 4.2 Student Information Form
| field |
type |
null |
default |
note |
| id (primary key) |
int(11) |
no |
primary key |
|
| username |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
account |
| password |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
password |
| name |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
Name |
| phone |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
Phone number |
| id_number |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
ID number |
| sex_types |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
gender |
| my_photo |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
photo |
| nation |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
nationality |
| politics_types |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
political status |
| birthplace |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
native place |
| wupin_types |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
Have you received the item |
| banji_id |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
class |
| yonghu_types |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
student status |
| create_time |
timestamp |
yes |
NULL |
creation time |
Table 4.3 Score Information Table
| field |
type |
null |
default |
note |
| id (primary key) |
int(11) |
no |
primary key |
|
| yonghu_id |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
student |
| exam_name |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
Exam name |
| kecheng_id |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
course |
| fraction |
decimal(10,4) |
yes |
NULL |
Fraction |
| create_time |
timestamp |
yes |
NULL |
creation time |
Table 4.4 Student Rewards and Punishment Information Form
| field |
type |
null |
default |
note |
| id (primary key) |
int(11) |
no |
primary key |
|
| yonghu_id |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
student id |
| jiangcheng_name |
varchar(200) |
yes |
NULL |
Reward and punishment name |
| jiangcheng_types |
int(11) |
yes |
NULL |
奖惩类型 |
| jiangcheng_content |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
奖惩详情 |
| insert_time |
timestamp |
是 |
NULL |
奖惩时间 |
| create_time |
timestamp |
是 |
NULL |
创建时间 |
表4.5 课程信息表
| 字段 |
类型 |
空 |
默认 |
注释 |
| id (主键) |
int(11) |
否 |
主键 |
|
| laoshi_id |
int(11) |
是 |
NULL |
老师 |
| kecheng_name |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
课程名称 |
| kecheng_content |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
课程内容 |
| create_time |
timestamp |
是 |
NULL |
创建时间 |
表4.6 老师信息表
| 字段 |
类型 |
空 |
默认 |
注释 |
| id (主键) |
int(11) |
否 |
主键 |
|
| username |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
账户 |
| password |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
密码 |
| name |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
老师姓名 |
| phone |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
老师手机号 |
| id_number |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
老师身份证号 |
| sex_types |
int(11) |
是 |
NULL |
老师性别 |
| my_photo |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
照片 |
| nation |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
民族 |
| politics_types |
int(11) |
是 |
NULL |
政治面貌 |
| birthplace |
varchar(200) |
是 |
NULL |
籍贯 |
| create_time |
timestamp |
是 |
NULL |
创建时间 |
第5章 系统实现
这个环节需要使用前面的设计方案，包括对系统模块的设计，还有对程序后台的数据支持的数据库的设计等。不过这部分内容还是强调系统编码人员的开发能力，要把前面设计的内容通过编码的形式以一个完整的，可以运行的系统呈现出来。
5.1管理员功能实现
5.1.1班级和课程关系管理
管理员管理班级和课程关系，其运行效果见下图。在本页面，每个班级对应的课程以及任课老师信息都会清楚的展示，管理员可修改，也能删除。
图5.1 班级和课程关系管理页面
5.1.2老师管理
管理员管理老师。其运行效果见下图。老师是本系统中的一个角色，其信息需要管理员管理。
图5.2 老师管理页面
5.1.3奖惩类型管理
管理员可以管理奖惩类型，其运行效果见下图。管理员修改奖惩类型名称，提交奖惩类型名字获取对应信息。
图5.3 奖惩类型管理页面
5.2 老师功能实现
5.2.1成绩管理
老师管理成绩。其运行效果见下图。老师登记各个学生的课程学习分数，可以根据分数段查询学生成绩。
图5.4 成绩管理页面
5.2.2学生奖惩管理
老师管理学生奖惩，其运行效果见下图。学生的奖励和惩罚信息需要教师添加和管理。
图5.5 学生奖惩管理页面
5.2.3课程管理
老师管理课程，其运行效果见下图。老师在当前页面查看课程，也能根据老师姓名查询对应课程信息。
图5.6 课程管理页面
5.3 学生功能实现
5.3.1班级管理
学生管理班级。其运行效果见下图。学生除了可以查询班级信息之外，还可以查看该班级的课程信息。
图5.7 班级管理页面
5.3.2查询成绩
学生查询成绩，其运行效果见下图。学生在本人后台就能查询成绩。根据课程名称，或者是分数段信息就能查询成绩。
图5.8 查询成绩页面
5.3.3修改密码
学生修改密码。其运行效果见下图。学生在本页面设置新密码，密码设置成功之后，需要重新登录。
图5.9 修改密码页面
第6章 系统测试
尽管系统在编码过程中，程序的编制人员也会对编程的功能模块进行逐个测试，但还是避免不了已经组合完成的系统整体没有错误。很多时候，面对功能繁多，逻辑复杂的系统时，系统的测试就需要不同人来测试，并设计一些故障来检验系统的应对能力，以及发现很多系统内部的潜在问题。并通过寻求解决办法去完善系统，确保系统质量。
6.1 系统测试方法
根据系统的测试流程，划分的系统测试方法有单元测试，集成测试，系统测试，验收测试。接下来就开始描述这些内容。
单元测试：这个测试环节在编码中用得最多，主要是编程人员进行的，通常对编码实现的各个子模块当成一个单元完成测试，主要基于代码的层面去发现问题，所以它也是白盒测试中的一种。
集成测试：这个环节进行的前提是，已经把系统的各个子模块进行了组合，然后把组合的完整系统进行测试，检验组成目标系统的各个子模块是否具备兼容性，还有目标系统是否根据预期目标正常运行。
系统测试：这个环节用到了黑盒测试，主要是检验系统的功能。并确定目标系统的各个功能是否运行正常。
验收测试：这个环节需要用户参与，让用户在系统操作界面上通过对不同数据的输入，检测系统的输出结果，以此检验目标系统与用户需求之间存在的差异程度。存在的差异越小，就代表着越符合用户的期望。
6.2 功能测试
学生信息管理系统的目标用户最终面向的是系统的功能，所以检验本系统的功能也是一项重要任务，只有该系统的功能都能保证正常使用，才会吸引更多的用户来使用。
6.2.1 登录功能测试
本系统在编码时，提前在登录模块编写了安全验证规则，通过判断访问者提供的数据，引导符合要求的用户进入指定页面。测试表如下。错误的数据输入，在本系统中会得到及时的反馈提示。
表6.1 登录功能测试表
| 录入的数据 |
预期结果 |
实际结果 |
结论 |
|
| 管理员登录 |
用户名：空 |
提示请填写用户名 |
通过测试 |
|
| 管理员登录 |
用户名：guanliyuan 密码：空 |
提示请填写密码 |
通过测试 |
|
| 管理员登录 |
用户名：guanliyuan |
提示用户名密码不匹配 |
提示用户名密码不匹配 |
通过测试 |
| 管理员登录 |
用户名：guanliyuan |
提示登录成功，并跳转到功能操作区 |
提示登录成功，并跳转到功能操作区 |
通过测试 |
6.2.2 查询课程功能测试
在庞大的数据中，通过信息检索功能，可以帮助操作人员快速找到信息，节省操作时间。测试表如下。检索数据需要提取正确的关键词，一旦信息不匹配，就不容易找到信息。
表6.2 查询课程功能测试表
| 功能 |
录入的数据 |
预期结果 |
实际结果 |
结论 |
| 查询课程 |
提示信息不能为空 |
提示信息不能为空 |
通过测试 |
|
| 查询课程 |
课程名称：%&* |
提示无效的数据 |
提示无效的数据 |
通过测试 |
| 查询课程 |
课程名称：数学 |
查询出信息并显示 |
查询出信息并显示 |
通过测试 |
6.3 测试结果分析
通过测试，可以发现学生信息管理系统具备完善的功能，同时具备易操作性和易维护性的特点，在系统安全性上也有比较健全的数据保护机制。至此，学生信息管理系统可以投入使用。
结 论
之前在课本上学习过软件开发的知识，包括开发流程的了解，开发技术的学习，还有如何进行系统需求分析与设计，老师也选取了比较有代表性的管理系统在课堂上进行讲解，并在课后布置作业让我们练习，期间老师也让我们也对系统实现与测试进行了了解。所以面对本次学生信息管理系统的开发制作，我的脑海里还是有比较清晰的思路。在系统制作中，以及配套文档的编写中，我都是按照软件开发流程一步步开展我的工作。
从系统的角度讲，学生信息管理系统制作中，它的难点在于功能的确定，对系统结构的设计，还有设计性能优良的数据库，以及采用成熟的技术实现系统功能等，这些是我面临的困难。针对这些难点，我采取了一定的措施。在不知道系统的功能时，我在网上寻找了很多相似系统，并把这些系统的大致功能进行了记载，把对本系统有用的功能部分进行了采用，另外，我也从网上获取了大量关于系统设计方面的知识，包括系统模块划分，设计原则，数据库表的设计与创建等知识，也从软件开发类博客中，获取了程序编码的技术知识，包括数据增删改代码模块的编写与使用。在本系统编码完成其对应功能后，我对系统的所有功能进行了耐心的测试，最后发现我开发的系统是合格的，可以进行验收。因为本系统除了具备简洁美观的界面外，在功能上可以满足使用者对于数据操作的需求，并且本系统的功能与系统分析设计的功能保持高度一致，而且系统运行稳定，面对用户的误操作，也建立了报错反馈机制，系统的质量可靠。唯一不足的就是系统数据表的设计在字段考虑上并不全面，为字段匹配的数据类型也不精确，还有系统代码部分，有很多地方还没有进行注释，代码编写不够简洁等。
从文档的角度来讲，在完成学生信息管理系统制作后，对其制作过程需要进行描述，包括如何进行的需求分析，如何完成系统的设计，以及实现的系统功能的运行效果等都要进行描述。这期间我也花费了将近一个月时间来完成，为了达到学院要求的文档排版标准，我也多次在导师建议下，学习办公软件的使用，还有排版技巧。功夫不负有心人，我编写的文档在面临多次编写修改后终于完成了。
总而言之，制作毕设虽然经历了很多环节，但是认真对待这个事情，我们将会在各个环节获取很多知识，也会在各个环节的实际操作中，锻炼我们的实践能力。通过本项目制作，我开始明白，很多知识并不只是来源于书本，来源于老师课堂上讲解的知识，也需要来源于各大学习网站以及生活实践等。至此，我还是会继续努力，保持新知识的主动学习习惯。
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致 谢
虽然项目制作已经完成，但是回想近段时间所经历的事情，内心还是感触良多。自从进入校园后，我对知识的学习就没有那么刻苦了，也不会想着去主动学习，日常课程虽然不缺席，但是对待课后作业也是比较马虎。但是这次毕业设计，却真正唤醒了我。让我开始努力去做一件事。
说到毕业设计，心中比较敬重和感恩的人是导师，导师让我明白，知识不足可以通过后期学习进行弥补，他让我看到了希望，虽然我一直怀疑自己不可能独自完成系统开发，但是在得到导师的帮助后，我做了很多改变自己看法的事情。我竟然可以一步步根据开发流程，完成系统的制作，真的很开心，同时也对导师表示感谢！
还有一群最容易被忽视的人们，就是我身边的同学。他们无论是在课堂上还是在课下，始终陪伴着我。也就是无论学习还是生活，我的身边都有他们，所以大家互相帮助是在所难免的，但是因为这样的陪伴，也充实了我的校园生活。要毕业了，我想说，谢谢你们，我的同学们！
那些给我们上课的老师们也是值得感恩的，他们也是我校园生活中不可缺少的一部分，而且也是教会我知识，让我明白许多生活的道理的老师们，他们一直像蜜蜂一样辛勤的工作，不厌其烦的教授一批又一批校园学子。所以他们值得我们尊敬和感谢！
大学校园的环境是最美的，我也很庆幸来到这里上学，感谢我的学校，愿我的母校越来越好！