Table of contents
Start the console: the output results are displayed directly
Problem: An error password or unlock appears
Problem: An invalid sender error occurs, maybe your gensis.json is missing something
win10 metamask connect localhost 8584
Win10 uses metamask to connect to the private chain in the virtual machine ubuntu
Problem: Error raised by --dev: Failed to unlock developer account
问题：the method net_version does not exist/is not available
Method 1: Query by transaction id
Method 2: Query according to the block id
geth console control
Host win10, use geth to create a private chain in Ubuntu
Start the console: the output results are displayed directly
At the end of the private chain code, add console to start the console when starting the private chain
/geth --datadir ~/桌面/geth-project/myChain --networkid 15 consoleStart the console: the console output is written to the output.log file, but MetaMask cannot be connected
Of course, writing in this way will directly write the information of Info to the console, a lot, it looks very uncomfortable
The console output can be written to the output.log file
geth --datadir ~/桌面/geth-project/myChain --networkid 15 console 2>~/桌面/geth-project/myChain/output.logView output so far
cat ~/桌面/geth-project/myChain/output.logView output results in real time
tail -f ~/桌面/geth-project/myChain/output.logexit console
ctrl + d or console input exit
Geth Console is an interactive JavaScript execution environment, which has some built-in JavaScript objects used to operate Ethereum. We can directly call these objects to obtain relevant information on the blockchain.
Common commands
The objects mainly include:
- admin: mainly contains methods related to management nodes
- eth: mainly includes methods related to accessing and interacting with the blockchain
- personal: contains methods for account management
- txpool: contains the method of viewing the transaction memory pool
- miner: mainly includes some methods related to mining
- net: mainly includes methods to view p2p network status
- web3: Contains all the above objects, and also contains some common methods
Commonly used commands are:
- personal.newAccount([password]): Create an account
- personal.unlockAccount(account id): unlock account
- eth.accounts: list accounts in the system
- eth.getBalance(account id): Check the account balance, the unit of return value is Wei
- eth.blockNumber: list the current block height
- eth.getTransaction(transaction id): get transaction information
- eth.sendTransaction({from: account id1, to: account id2, value: money, data:'hexadecimal information'}): transfer
- eth.estimateGas({from: account id1, to: account id2, value: money, data: 'hexadecimal information'}): can be used to estimate gas before transfer
- eth.getBlock (block id is blockNumber): get block information
- eth.getBlockTransactionCount (block id is blockNumber): query the number of transactions in this block
- miner.start(): start mining
- miner.stop(): stop mining
- miner.setEtherbase: which account should mine Ethereum
- web3.fromWei(money): Convert Wei to Ether
- web3.toWei(): Convert Ethereum to Wei
- txpool.status: status in the transaction pool
The ether in eth.accounts[0] is mined
start mining
miner.start(1)Even if it returns true or null, it is already mining
It is a normal phenomenon to mine Generating DAG in progress for the first time. It takes a long time to initialize, so be patient
So that's the start of mining
stop mining
miner.stop()Solution: broadcast the transfer message , that is, re-mining, just stop mining for a while
miner.start(1)
miner.stop()transfer
eth.sendTransaction({from:eth.accounts[0], to:"0x1E17ECE93b3", value:web3.toWei(500, 'ether')})
Problem: An error password or unlock appears
Solution: Unlock your account
personal.unlockAccount(你的账户)personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0])
retransfer later
Transfer unit: wei
eth.sendTransaction({from:eth.accounts[0], to:"0x1E17ECE93b3", value:500})
Transfer unit: ether
eth.sendTransaction({from:eth.accounts[0], to:"0x1E17ECE93b3", value:web3.toWei(15, 'ether')})
Problem: An invalid sender error occurs , maybe your gensis.json is missing something
Solution: Check the latest official version or use the following version, then delete the original genesis block and re-initialize the new genesis block
{
"config": {
"chainId": 15,
"homesteadBlock": 0,
"eip150Block": 0,
"eip155Block": 0,
"eip158Block": 0,
"byzantiumBlock": 0,
"constantinopleBlock": 0,
"petersburgBlock": 0,
"istanbulBlock": 0
},
"alloc": {
"0x1E17ECE93b3c72277E4B22a58B87934C9F654089":{"balance":"900000000000000000000"}},
"coinbase": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"difficulty": "0x200",
"extraData": "",
"gasLimit": "0x2fefd8",
"nonce": "0x0000000000000042",
"mixhash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"timestamp": "0x00"
}Question: Check the account and find that the transfer has not been successful, and the account amount has not changed
Solution: broadcast the transfer message , that is, re-mining, just stop mining for a while
miner.start(1)
miner.stop()
The transfer is completed here
Because of mining, accounts[0] may have more money
External Connection MetaMask
Win10 metamask connects to localhost 8584
Solution: You only need to add --http or --rpc , the default port is 8545; you only need to add --rpcport to modify the specified port
geth --datadir ~/桌面/geth-project/myChain --networkid 15 --http console 2>~/桌面/geth-project/myChain/output.logWin10 uses metamask to connect to the private chain in the virtual machine ubuntu
Solution:
1. Add --rpc --rpcaddr "0.0.0.0" --rpcport 8545 parameters to geth console.
2. Then add the network ip address to MetaMask, which is the ip address of your virtual machine ubuntu
geth --datadir ~/桌面/geth-project/myChain --networkid 15 --rpc --rpcaddr "0.0.0.0" --rpcport 8545 console 2>~/桌面/geth-project/myChain/output.log# Pay attention to setting the startup parameter --rpcaddr 127.0.0.1, the browser metamask in the host cannot connect to the chain
geth --rpccorsdomain "*" 允许跨域请求的域名列表
加了这个参数反而连不上geth
Then add the network ip address to MetaMask is the ip address of your virtual machine ubuntu
At this time, the host MetaMask can be accessed
Problem: Error raised by --dev: Failed to unlock developer account
error code
geth --datadir . --networkid 15 --dev报错：Failed to unlock developer account：could not decrypt key with given passphrase
Solution: --dev means to enable the developer account , and because you specified the networkid , and the --dev developer mode is to help you create a new private chain , not based on your original creation, you don't need to add those parameters, as follows
geth --datadir . --devProblem: Using the latest version of geth, when executing personal.unlockAccount() or calling the personal_unlockAccount interface in the program, an exception will appear: account unlock with HTTP access is forbidden
报错：GoError: Error: account unlock with HTTP access is forbidden at web3.js:6347:37(47)
Reason: In the new version of geth, for security reasons, the HTTP channel is disabled by default to unlock the account
Solution: Add parameters to the startup command
--allow-insecure-unlock示例：geth --rpc --rpcapi eth,web3,personal --allow-insecure-unloc
geth --datadir ~/桌面/geth-project/myChain --networkid 15 --rpc --rpcaddr "0.0.0.0" --rpcport 8545 --rpcapi eth,web3,personal --allow-insecure-unlock console 2>~/桌面/geth-project/myChain/output.log问题：the method net_version does not exist/is not available
Solution: Include "net" when setting rpcapi in the rpc parameter when geth starts
示例：geth --rpc --rpcapi eth,web3,personal,net --allow-insecure-unloc
geth --datadir ~/桌面/geth-project/myChain --networkid 15 --rpc --rpcaddr "0.0.0.0" --rpcport 8545 --rpcapi eth,web3,personal,net --allow-insecure-unlock console 2>~/桌面/geth-project/myChain/output.log View transaction history
Method 1: Query by transaction id
Note that this is not the id of your account, but the id of the transaction
eth.getTransaction(transactionHash [, callback])eth.getTransaction("0x21003fc7a543bc89a467510b6ab978bc638dc09619d1fba0288bdb3907830e4b")# Note that this is not the id of your account, but the id of the transaction
- hash 32 Bytes - String: Hash value of the transaction
- nonce - Number: The number of transactions that the transaction sender generated before this transaction
- blockHash 32 Bytes - String: The hash value of the block where the transaction is located. If the transaction is pending, the value is null
- blockNumber - Number: The block number of the transaction, if the transaction is pending, the value is null
- transactionIndex - Number: The index position of the transaction in the block, if the transaction is pending, the value is null
- from - String: The address of the sender of the transaction
- to - String: The address of the recipient of the transaction. For transactions that create contracts, the value is null
- value - String: transfer amount in wei
- gasPrice - String: The gas price promised by the sender, in wei
- gas - Number: The gas usage provided by the sender
- input - String: the data to send with the transaction
- r, s, v: signature
Method 2: Query according to the block id
# Query the number of transactions in the block
eth.getBlockTransactionCount(blockNumber)eth.getBlockTransactionCount(36)
# Query block information
eth.getBlock(blockNumber)eth.getBlock(36)