Python is a high-level programming language for general-purpose programming, first released in 1991 by Guido van Rossum. Python was designed with a focus on code readability.
Python has a very large standard library and has a dynamic type system, it also has automatic memory management and supports multiple programming paradigms. These include:
● object-oriented
● Imperative
● Functional
● Programmatic
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
GUI is a human-computer interaction interface. In other words, it is a method for humans to interact with computers. It uses windows, icons and menus, and can also be operated with the mouse and keyboard.
GUI library
A GUI library is a library needed for a graphical user interface (GUI) when writing software. When building a program's GUI, a cascading approach is usually used, where graphical control elements are directly superimposed on top of each other.
Python GUI
When you write an application in python, you have to use a GUI. There are many options for Python GUIs. Currently, the Python GUI library has more than 30 cross-platform frameworks. Here's a list of what I consider the best 13:
- Tkinter
It is a lightweight cross-platform graphical user interface (GUI) development tool and a standard Python interface of the Tk graphical user interface toolkit. It can currently run on most Unix platforms, Windows and Macintosh systems (Tkinter tutorial page: http ://python-textbok.readthedocs.io/en/1.0/Introduction_to_GUI_Programming.html)
- Flexx
Many Python GUI libraries are based on libraries written in other languages, such as wxWidgets and libavg in C++. But Flexx is built in Python, using web technologies, and because of that Flexx is cross-platform. All you need is Python and a browser to run. (Tutorial address: http://flexx.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)
- CEF Python
The framework is based on Google Chromium and is oriented to Windows, MAC OS and Linux. It is mainly used for the use of embedded browsers in third-party applications. (Project address: https://github.com/cztomczak/cefpython)
- Dabo
Dabo is a cross-platform application development framework based on wxpython's repackaging library. It provides database access, business logic and user interface. (Project address: https://dabodev.com/)
- Desperate
Kivy is based on OpenGL ES 2, which enables programs created with the same source code to run across platforms. This framework is event-driven and based on the main loop, which is very suitable for developing games. (Project address: https://kivy.org/#home)
- Pyforms
Pyforms is a Python 2.7/3.x cross-environment runtime framework for developing GUI applications. (Project address: https://pyforms.readthedocs.io/en/v3.0/)
- PyGObject
With PyGObject, you can write Python applications for GNOME projects, and you can also write Python applications using GTK+. (Project address: http://pygobject.readthedocs.io/en/latest/getting_started.html)
- PyQt
Qt is a cross-platform framework. It is written in C++. This is a very comprehensive library. It contains many tools and APIs. It is widely used in many industries. It covers a lot of platforms. PyQt is the Python version of the Qt library. PyQt3 supports Qt1 to Qt3. PyQt4 supports Qt4. (Project address: https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/pyqt/download5)
- PySide
Qt (cute) is an application/user interface (UI) framework written in "C++" language. "PySide" is a wrapper for "Qt". The difference with PySide is that PyQt is commercially available. (Project address: https://wiki.qt.io/Category:LanguageBindings::PySide::Downloads)
- PyGUI
One of the main purposes of PyGUI is to minimize the amount of code between the Python application and the underlying GUI of the platform, for Unix, Macintosh and Windows platforms (project address: http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/greg.ewing/python_gui /)
- libvg
This is a third-party library, written in C++. It has the following properties:
● display elements as Python variables
● Event handling system
● timer
● Log support (project address: https://www.libavg.de/site/)
- PyGTK
The "GTK+" commonly used in Linux is the "GTK+" package of "PyGTK". Compared with Kivy and PyQt, it can run stably on various operating systems without modification, such as Linux, Windows, MacOS, etc. (project address: https://github.com/GNOME/pygtk)
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- wxPython
wxPython is an excellent GUI graphics library for Python language, allowing Python programmers to easily create a complete GUI user interface with full function keys. (Project address: https://wxpython.org/)
The GUI frameworks introduced above cover the needs of most developers. You can choose the GUI library that suits you according to your own needs.