Python
Python is a high-level programming language. It is used for general programming. The Python language was created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991. Python's design philosophy focuses on code readability. So whitespace has significant meaning in Python.
Python offers a design philosophy that allows programming at both small and large scale, and has a very large standard library. Python uses a dynamic type system and has automatic memory management.
Python supports several programming paradigms, including:
- object oriented
- imperative
- functional
- procedural
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
GUI is a human-computer interface, in other words, it is a way for humans to interact with computers. GUIs mainly use windows, icons and menus, but can also be operated by mouse and keyboard.
GUI library
GUI library contains widgets. A widget is a collection of graphical control elements. When building GUI programs, the cascade method is usually used. Numerous graphical control elements are directly superimposed.
Python GUI library
When writing an application in python, you have to use a GUI library to do it. You have a lot of options for Python GUI libraries. Currently, there are more than 30 cross-platform frameworks for the Python GUI library. Now list a dozen of them and describe them briefly:
1. Tkinter
Tkinter is a GUI toolkit built using the Python language. Allows you to execute your Python scripts in a GUI.
The title Tkinter's hyperlink links to its tutorial page.
http://python-textbok.readthedocs.io/en/1.0/Introduction_to_GUI_Programming.html
2. Flexx
Many Python GUI libraries are based on libraries written in other languages, such as the "wxWidgets" and "libavg" libraries for "C++". Flexx is a library created in Python, using web technologies, that works anywhere as long as you have Python and a browser installed.
3. CEF Python
The framework targets Windows, MAC OS and Linux. It is based on Google Chromium. It is mainly used for the use of embedded browsers in third-party applications.
4. Dabo
The underlying framework of the framework is WxPython. This is a three-tier framework. Overall, Dabo is a cross-platform application development framework.
5. Kivy
Kivy is based on OpenGL ES 2. It provides native multi-touch capabilities for each platform. The framework is event driven and is based on the main loop. Kivy is great for developing games.
6. Pyforms
Pyforms is a Python 2.7/3.x multi-runtime environment framework for developing GUI applications. The framework encourages code reusability.
7. PyGObject
With PyGObject, you can write Python applications for GNOME projects, and you can also use GTK+ to write Python applications.
8. PyQt
Qt is a cross-platform framework, written in C++. This is a very comprehensive library. It contains many tools and APIs, is widely used in many industries, and covers many platforms.
9. PySide
Qt (cute) is an application/user interface (UI) framework written in the "C++" language. "PySide" is a wrapper for "Qt". The difference with PySide is that PyQt is commercially available.
10. PyGUI
PyGUI targets Unix, Macintosh and Windows platforms. The point of this MVC framework is to integrate into the Python ecosystem as easily as possible.
11. libavg
This is a third-party library, written in C++. Scripting in Python is now possible. It has the following characteristics:
- Display elements in Python language built-in variable types
- event handling system
- timer
- Support log
12. PyGTK | PyGObject
The commonly used "GTK+" in Linux is the "GTK+" wrapper for "PyGTK". Compared to Kivy and PyQt, PyGUI is fairly easy to use on Unix, Macintosh and Windows platforms. The MVC framework developed by Dr Greg Ewing at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand focuses on fitting into the Python ecosystem as easily as possible.
13. wxPython
"wxWidgets" is a cross-platform GUI toolkit written in "C++", and wxPython is its binding.
Download address: https://wxpython.org/pages/downloads/
Summarize
Many GUI frameworks have been discussed above, covering most of the developer's needs. You can choose a suitable GUI library according to your own needs.