The main directories in the Linux system, some of which may be different in different Linux distributions.
| directory name | effect |
|---|---|
| bin | Store common commands |
| boot | Store boot system related files |
| dev | Store device files |
| etc | Store system configuration files |
| home | Store the user's home directory |
| lib | storage system shared library |
| lib64 | Storage system shared library for 64-bit systems |
| lost+found | Used to recover files and directories from abnormal system shutdown or file system corruption |
| media | Automatically identify device mount points |
| mnt | Manually mount the device |
| opt | Store third-party software |
| proc | Virtual file system, providing system kernel and process information |
| root | The home directory of the superuser (root) |
| run | Store runtime data, such as process ID and socket file, etc. |
| sbin | Store system commands used by administrators |
| srv | Store data provided by local services, such as files of services such as HTTP and FTP |
| sys | Virtual file system, providing information related to system hardware |
| tmp | Store temporary files and automatically clear them after restarting the system |
| usr | Store system applications and files, such as commands, libraries, documents, etc. |
| was | Store variable data such as logs, caches, and temporary files generated by system files and applications |
Under the Linux terminal, lsthe directory output by the command will be displayed in different colors, and the meanings of the different colors are as follows:
| color | type |
|---|---|
| blue | Table of contents |
| green | executable file |
| red | Archives and Compressed Files |
| magenta | image file |
| orange | Other files |
| black | plain text file |
| light blue | link file |
| grey | system file or directory |
This way of distinguishing different types of files or directories helps to quickly identify file types and improve work efficiency.