foreword
First of all, in my opinion, whether you are doing operation and maintenance or back-end development, cloud computing, etc. in the future. As long as it works with the backend, Linux is a must-have basic knowledge. So Linux is a particularly important knowledge that accompanies our work.
However, when many students were learning Linux for the first time, they were still at a loss, and found that the more they learned, the more confused they became. In the end nothing happened.
In my opinion, the learning methods and learning process of these students are blind, without goals, without purpose, just flipping through some documents and notes casually, without making their own study plans. So much so that the basics themselves have not been fully learned, and the basic knowledge and basic principles have not been thoroughly understood, so they start to try some services or cloud computing. In the end, it seems that I have learned everything, but in fact I have learned everything, let alone mastered or even mastered it.
Next, I will combine my several years of personal Linux operation and maintenance and development experience to talk about Linux learning methods and some things that should be paid attention to during learning.
How to lay the foundation
In my opinion, all advanced knowledge is just an evolution and abstraction from basic knowledge. So everyone must first solidify their basic knowledge before talking. Without basic knowledge as a foundation, the advanced advanced knowledge behind is simply impossible to talk about.
First of all, if you want to learn Linux, you must have the heart to toss. And don't be afraid to toss. Don't be afraid when you encounter problems, and don't give up easily. Now there are so many materials on the Internet, and all kinds of communication are so developed. There must be a way to solve your problem.
At the level of learning the basics, the first thing I want to recommend to you is a book. When I first learned Linux, I read this book to get started.
That is the book "This is how Linux should be learned (Second Edition" ), and now the second edition has been released. Compared with the first edition, the knowledge is more comprehensive, and it is based on the RHEL 8 system, keeping up with the trend.
In my opinion, the typesetting order of this book is very suitable for beginners. You can follow this book from front to back, learn the previous basic commands first, practice these basic commands repeatedly, and know what each command does, and What does each parameter and each option behind these commands do. These commands must be memorized by rote.
Let me recommend a book "Linux Command Line Encyclopedia" for learning basic Linux commands.
This book provides a very comprehensive introduction and practice for the knowledge of Linux commands and shell programming. The book's knowledge points are step-by-step, and the key points and difficulties are highlighted. It is very suitable for Linux beginners to learn and use.
How to advance
Then the following is to introduce the construction and use of some services from the shallower to the deeper. Such as ssh, apache, sambda services and so on. These services are essential in the enterprise, and we must master them.
The process of learning service building can actually be a comprehensive practice and review of the commands learned in the past. The commands learned before are not related to each other, and the knowledge is also very scattered. When you use these basic commands to complete the construction of a service, you will know how to combine these basic commands to do a "big thing". At this time, you can grasp these commands as a whole.
When you have read all the knowledge in these two books, congratulations, you have completely started Linux. You have mastered the basic knowledge of Linux. Now you can continue to learn advanced and advanced knowledge of Linux.
Now you have to learn some computer network knowledge, such as iptables service and selinux knowledge. To master system troubleshooting methods and be familiar with system tuning strategies. And learn shell scripting. This scripting language running on Linux can make you get twice the result with half the effort in your future study and work.
For learning shell scripting, I personally recommend a book.
This book contains a lot of shell programming skills. Learning these skills will make you more comfortable using shell programming at work.
If time permits or if you personally want to, I also strongly recommend that you learn some python knowledge.
Go to advanced section
Next, comes the advanced part. In my opinion, this part is a comprehensive practice of the above knowledge, which is the most difficult, so it will take more time.
At this time, you need to learn some distributed and cluster architecture knowledge.
Such as LVS, Keepalived, etc., familiar with big data, cloud computing, automated operation and maintenance, etc. Each of these knowledge is enough to study for a long time.
When you start to learn this knowledge, then you must already have a very high level of operation and maintenance of Linux. So at this time, you need to explore by yourself and take the initiative to learn this knowledge. But here, based on my personal experience, I still recommend some books to everyone, so that everyone can learn selectively and in a targeted manner.
First of all, the first book is "Best Practices of Large-Scale Linux Cluster Architecture".
This book is based on the daily work of the Activision Blizzard China operation and maintenance team. The knowledge points are very comprehensive and complete, including Linux system, network knowledge, server security, server monitoring and other knowledge points. The book does not focus on explaining the principles, but explains it through a lot of practical operations.
The second book is "Exposure Linux Enterprise Operation and Maintenance Actual Combat".
This book also pays great attention to practice, which contains a large number of problems and solutions encountered in work practice.
epilogue
Having said so much, the knowledge of Linux is worth studying for a lifetime, and it involves all aspects of knowledge. And now that various new technologies are emerging in an endless stream, we should keep up with the trend, keep learning and practice.