---------View Linux server CPU details---------------
#View CPU information
[root@host ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
#Check the number of physical CPUs
[root@host /]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l
#View the number of cores per physical CPU
[root@host /]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cpu cores" | uniq
#Number of logical CPUs (logical CPU = number of physical CPUs * number of cores)
[root@host /]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l
---------Check the memory of the Linux server---------------
#View memory usage
[root@host ~]# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 372 256 115 0 17 158 -/+ buffers/cache: 81 290 Swap: 509 0 509
>total: total memory
>user: the number of memory used
>free: number of free memory
>shared: the number of shared memory for multiple processes
>buffers: the number of buffer memory
>cached: the number of cache memory
available memory = free+buffers+cached
used memory = used-buffers-cached
swap number of swap memory, this item can judge whether the memory is sufficient
---------View Linux server hard disk usage-------------
#View hard disk and partition information
[root@host ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux /dev/sda2 14 78 522112+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 79 1305 9855877+ 83 Linux
#Check the disk space usage of the file system
[root@host ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 9.2G 6.4G 2.3G 74% / /dev/sda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot tmpfs 187M 0 187M 0% /dev/shm /dev/hdc 4.1G 4.1G 0 100% /mnt
#查看硬盘的I/O性能
[root@host /]# iostat -d -x -k 1 5 #iostaat是含在套装systat中，在CentOs5.5用命令yum -y install sysstat来安装
#查看指定目录的大小
[root@host /]# du -sh /bin/ 7.8M /bin/
#查看当前目录下的文件占用率
[root@host /]# du -cks * | sort -rn |head -n 10 10953077 total 4442100 var 4289198 mnt 1790236 usr 152848 etc 132080 lib 65604 swapfile 34184 sbin 20804 lib64 9840 tftpboot
#将指定的输入文件复制到指定的输出文件中
#利用dd命令可以制作交换文件
[root@host /]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/sampfile bs=1024 count=65536 65536+0 records in 65536+0 records out 67108864 bytes (67 MB) copied, 1.04575 seconds, 64.2 MB/s
#制作ISO
[root@host /]# dd if=/dev/cdrom of=/root/cd1.iso
---------查看Linux服务器的平均负载--------------
[root@host /]# uptime 12:39:12 up 2:50, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.03, 0.00
[root@host /]# w 12:39:59 up 2:50, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.03, 0.00 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT root tty1 - 09:53 32:17 0.36s 0.36s -bash root pts/0 192.168.1.102 10:23 1:54m 0.03s 0.03s -bash root pts/1 192.168.1.105 12:16 0.00s 0.09s 0.02s w
---------监控Linux服务器的整体性能--------------
[root@host /]# vmstat 1 4 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 0 0 0 50464 50096 101356 0 0 21 13 925 183 0 0 99 1 0 0 0 0 50464 50096 101380 0 0 0 0 830 18 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 50464 50096 101380 0 0 0 0 833 27 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 50464 50104 101372 0 0 0 32 822 27 0 0 99 1 0
#proces r:等待运行的进程数 b:非中断睡眠状态的进程数 w:被交换出去的可运行进程数
#memory swpd:虚拟内存使用情况 fres:空闲的内存 buff:用作缓存的内存数（单位:KB）
#swap si:从磁盘交换到内存的交换页数量 so:从内存交换到磁盘的交换页数量（单位:kb/秒）
#io bi:发送到块设备的块数 bo:从块设备接收到的块数（单位:块/秒）
#system in:每秒的中断数，包括时钟中断 cs:每秒的环境（上下文）切换数
#cpu us:CPU使用时间 sy:CPU系统使用时间 id:闲置时间（单位:百分比）
标准情况下:r小于5,b约为0
如果user + sys 小于70 表示系统性能较好；如果大于等于85以上，表示性能比较糟糕
---------查看Linux服务器的其他参数--------------
查看系统内核的版本号
[root@host /]# uname -a Linux host.domain.com 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Fri Apr 2 14:58:14 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@host /]# uname -r 2.6.18-194.el5
查看系统32位还是64位
[root@host /]# ls -1F / |grep /$ 查找是否有/lib64,有则系统为64位 另一种查看系统32位还是64位 [root@host /]# file /sbin/init /sbin/init: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, AMD x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, stripped
查看服务器使用的Linux发行版的相关信息
[root@host /]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch Distributor ID: CentOS Description: CentOS release 5.5 (Final) Release: 5.5 Codename: Final
查看系统已载入的相关模块
[root@host /]# lsmod |grep ip ipv6 435361 24 xfrm_nalgo 43333 1 ipv6 dm_multipath 56920 0 scsi_dh 42177 1 dm_multipath dm_mod 101649 4 dm_mirror,dm_multipath,dm_raid45,dm_log
在linux下查看PCI设置，lspci命令能列出机器中的PCI信息，比如声卡、显卡、Modem
[root@host /]# lspci | grep Ether 02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 01)