Python has a useful set of standard libraries that are installed on your computer along with the Python interpreter. It is an integral part of Python and can be called directly without additional installation. These standard libraries are the tools that Python has prepared for you, which can make programming more efficient.
200 built-in standard libraries have been classified and arranged, which can be easily searched when needed in development.
text
string: generic string operations
re: regular expression operation
difflib: Difference calculation tool
textwrap: text padding
unicodedata: Unicode character database
stringprep: Internet String Preparation Tool
readline: GNU line-by-line read interface
rlcompleter: GNU implementation of line-by-line read
struct: parses bytes into packed binary data
codecs: Codecs for registry and base classes
type of data
datetime: based on date and time tools
calendar: Generic month function
collections: container data type
collections.abc: container virtual base class
heapq: heap queue algorithm
bisect: Array Bisection Algorithm
array: efficient numeric array
weakref: weak reference
types: Dynamic creation and naming of built-in types
copy: shallow copy and deep copy
reprlib: alternate repr() implementation
math
numbers: virtual base class for numbers
math: mathematical function
cmath: Mathematical function for complex numbers
decimal: Fixed-point and floating-point calculations
fractions: rational numbers
random: generate pseudo-random numbers
functional programming
itertools: Generate iterators for efficient loops
functools: Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects
operator: standard operations on functions
files and directories.
os.path: Generic pathname control
fileinput: iterate over lines from multiple input streams
stat: Interpret the result of stat()
filecmp: file and directory comparison function
tempfile: Generate temporary files and directories
glob: extension to Unix-style pathname format
fnmatch: Unix-style pathname format matching
linecache: random storage of text lines
shutil: advanced file operations
macpath: MacOS 9 path control functions
Endurance
pickle: Python object serialization
copyreg: the support function of the registration machine for pickle
shelve: Python object persistence
marshal: Internal Python object serialization
dbm: Unix "database" interface
sqlite3: API2.0 for SQLite database
compression
zlib: gzip-compatible compression
gzip: support for gzip files
bz2: support for bzip2 compression
lzma: Compression using the LZMA algorithm
zipfile: Manipulate ZIP archives
tarfile: read and write tar archive files
encryption
hashlib: secure hashing and message digests
hmac: key hash for message authentication
OS tools
os: multifaceted operating system interface
io: Stream core tool
time: query and conversion of time
argparser: a parser for command-line options, arguments, and subcommands
optparser: command line option parser
getopt: C-style command-line options parser
logging: Python logging tool
logging.config: logging configuration
logging.handlers: log handlers
getpass: Simple password input
curses: terminal handling of character display
curses.textpad: text input field for curses programs
curses.ascii: ASCII character set tool
curses.panel: control stack extension for curses
platform: access the underlying platform authentication data
errno: standard error token
ctypes: Python foreign function library
Concurrency
threading: thread-based parallelism
multiprocessing: process-based parallelism
concurrent: concurrent package
concurrent.futures: start parallel tasks
subprocess: subprocess management
sched: event scheduling
queue: synchronous queue
select: wait for I/O to complete
dummy_threading: Alternative to threading module (when _thread is not available)
_thread: The underlying thread API (threading is based on)
_dummy_thread: Alternative to _thread module (when _thread is not available)
interprocess communication
socket: the underlying network interface
ssl: TLS/SSL filler for socket objects
asyncore: asynchronous socket handler
asynchat: asynchronous socket command/response handler
signal: asynchronous transaction signal handler
mmap: memory mapped file support
the Internet
email: Mail and MIME processing package
json: JSON encoding and decoding
mailcap: mailcap file handling
mailbox: Control mailboxes in multiple formats
mimetypes: filename to MIME type mapping
base64: RFC3548: Base16, Base32, Base64 encoding
binhex: binhex4 file encoding and decoding
binascii: conversion between binary code and ASCII code
quopri: MIMEquoted - Encoding and decoding of printable data
uu: Encoding and decoding of uuencode files
Internet Protocol and Support
webbrowser: Simple Web Browser Controller
cgi: CGI support
cgitb: CGI script backtracking manager
wsgiref: WSGI tool and reference implementation
urllib: URL processing module
urllib.request: Extension library for opening URL connections
urllib.response: the response class of the urllib module
urllib.parse: Parse URLs into components
urllib.error: exception class raised by urllib.request
urllib.robotparser: Parser for robots.txt
http：HTTP模块
http.client: HTTP protocol client
ftplib: FTP protocol client
poplib: POP protocol client
imaplib: IMAP4 protocol client
nntplib: NNTP protocol client
smtplib: SMTP protocol client
smtpd: SMTP server
telnetlib: Telnet client
uuid: UUID object of RFC4122
socketserver: web server framework
http.server: HTTP server
http.cookies: HTTPCookie state manager
http.cookiejar: Cookie handling for HTTP clients
xmlrpc: XML - RPC server and client module
xmlrpc.client: XML - RPC client access
xmlrpc.server: XML - RPC server basics
ipaddress: IPv4/IPv6 control library
multimedia
audioop: process raw audio data
aifc: Read and write AIFF and AIFC files
sunau: Photograph Sun AU
wave: read and write WAV files
chunk: read IFF large files
colorsys: conversion between color systems
imghdr: Specifies the image type
sndhdr: Specifies the sound file type
ossaudiodev: Access OSS compatible audio devices
globalization
gettext: multilingual internationalization service
locale: internationalization service
programming framework
turtle: Turtle graphics library
cmd: line-based command interpreter support
shlex: Simple Lexicon Analysis
Tk Graphical User Interface
tkinter: Tcl/Tk interface
tkinter.ttk: Tk themed controls
tkinter.tix: Tk extension controls
tkinter.scrolledtext: scrolled text control
development tools
pydoc: documentation generator and online help system
doctest: Interactive Python Example
unittest: unit testing framework
unittest.mock: mock object library
test: Python regression testing package
test.support: Python test tool suite
venv: virtual environment setup
debugging
bdb: debugging framework
faulthandler: Python backtracking library
pdb: Python debugger
timeit: measure the execution time of a small piece of code
trace: Python execution state trace
Runtime
sys: system-related parameters and functions
sysconfig: Access Python configuration information
builtins: built-in objects
main: the top-level scripting environment
warnings: warning controls
contextlib: a context tool for the with state
abc: virtual base class
atexit: export handler
traceback: print or read a stack traceback
future: future state definition
gc: garbage collection interface
inspect: inspect live objects
site: address-related configuration hooks (hook)
fpectl: floating point exception control
distutils: Generate and install Python modules
interpreter
code: base class interpreter
codeop: Compile Python code
import module
imp: access to the internals of the import module
zipimport: import modules from ZIP archives
pkgutil: package extension tool
modulefinder: find modules by script
runpy: locate and execute Python modules
importlib: an implementation of import
Python language
parser: Access the Python parse tree
ast: abstract syntax tree
symtable: access compiler symbol table
symbol: constant in the Python parse tree
token: constant in the Python parse tree
keyword: Python keyword test
tokenize: Python source file tokenization
tabnany: fuzzy indent detection
pyclbr: Python class browsing support
py_compile: Compile Python source files
compileall: Compile Python libraries byte-by-byte
dis: Disassembler for Python bytecode
pickletools: Serialization Development Tools
other
formatter: Generic formatted output
Windows related
msilib: Read and write Windows Installer files
msvcrt: useful program for MS VC++ Runtime
winreg: Windows Registry Access
winsound: Windows sound playback interface
Unix related
posix: most commonly used POSIX calls
pwd: password database
spwd: shadow password database
grp: group database
crypt: Unix password authentication
termios: POSIX-style tty control
tty: terminal control function
pty: pseudo terminal tool
fcntl: system calls fcntl() and ioctl()
pipes: shell pipe interface
resource: resource availability information
nis: Sun's NIS interface
syslog: Unix logging service
The above is a brief summary of Python's built-in modules, which will be retrieved later when doing projects.