Abstract: How to get the same network coverage as Tmall and Taobao? How to correctly make equipment selection? How to pick up Alibaba Cloud's wool? This article has the answer.
Hello everyone, I am Qiuguang from Alibaba Cloud. Today, I am very happy to share with you about Alibaba Cloud's public network products and how to save money using Alibaba Cloud's public network.
First of all, let me ask you a question. Do you all know what the three major components of data center infrastructure are?
The three major items refer to the network, computing and storage. Among these three items, the network is an element that particularly affects the user experience. Because most data centers need to provide external services so that users can access the business systems deployed on the server. If the quality of the public network is relatively poor, the service provided externally will bring a poor user experience.
A few years ago, there was a popular saying on the Internet called "The furthest distance in the world is not the South Pole and the North Pole, but you and I are connected by telecommunications". But in the past two years, this catchphrase has become "the farthest distance in the world, I am by your side, but you are playing with your phone". Seemingly two very unrelated things are actually two separate entities communicating and communicating poorly. For engineers, they prefer to solve technical problems. Then let's take a look at the interoperability between China Unicom and China Telecom. Among the three major domestic operators, the networks are all super large and cover the whole country. However, the interoperability between the direct fixed networks of the three major operators is only possible at three points, which are located in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. These three points are called IXP nodes. On the one hand, the communication bandwidth is limited. On the other hand, there are only three points through which the data of the whole country communicates with each other. These three points are under a lot of pressure and are likely to cause packet loss. Therefore, if the network line of the server is Unicom single line, the access of telecom and mobile users will be very slow and stuck.
So how to solve this problem?
The answer is to use multi-wire BGP. The so-called multi-line BGP means that I connect the network lines of multiple operators to the server, so that users under different operators can directly access my server without detours, so the access and use experience will be very good. smooth. It seems that everyone should understand that. Now let's talk about BGP. BGP is a dynamic routing protocol that broadcasts and advertises a public IP to multiple lines of different operators. In this way, the server can use multiple different lines to provide external services through a public network IP. Moreover, if the line of one operator is down on Alibaba Cloud, because the dynamic routing protocol is used, the operator's route convergence will go to another operator and then to Alibaba Cloud. The experience is a little worse, but No business interruption.
Therefore, multi-line BGP can not only provide user access and use experience, but also enhance the robustness and reliability of the system.
One more question for everyone. When you go to Taobao, do you feel stuck and unsmooth when browsing products on Tmall?
I actually have a very profound experience. I worked in Moscow, Russia for a period of time before I came to Ali. I found that it was very slow for me to log in to my famous domestic mailbox. As a network operator, I know that this must be a serious congestion on cross-border lines. This leads to a high probability of packet loss and retransmission. One day, a Russian female colleague asked me to help, and let me tell him how to get and use the vouchers from Taobao stores. I gave her some guidance. I found out magically that she was visiting the domestic Taobao website, and the network speed was very fast and the use was very smooth. I asked her, what proxy are you using? What does she call an agent? I don't know what an agent is, so I just visit it directly? I tried it on my computer, and it was really fast, and many items were displayed at once. At this time, I thought to myself, Taobao is really awesome. In the first half of this year, according to the Russian state media Russian News Agency, in 2017, more than 400 million parcels were purchased online in Russia, a year-on-year increase of nearly 40%. After coming to Alibaba, I can see a lot of data that I couldn't see before. I looked at the overseas routes purchased by Alibaba Cloud. One is Rosetelecom, which is the largest operator in Russia, and basically covers about 70% of the fixed line. web users. At this time, I completely understood why Taobao’s visit experience abroad is so good.
Now everyone should know the importance of multi-line BGP. No matter how good your product is, if it cannot be accessed and used smoothly by users. Then it will lose its vitality.
那么，如何获得和淘宝，天猫一样的国际化的网络能力呢？自建数据中心明显是不靠谱的，投资太大。想想如果投资小，国内某著名邮箱海外邮箱的访问体验也不会那么慢。答案是，直接用阿里云的BGP公网就OK了，直接获得和淘宝，天猫一样的网络能力。因为你们用的网络都是一样的。一样的线路，一样的优先级。
阿里云现在在国内有46线，海外有43线。这个数据是17上半年的数据，现在线路还在不断的增加。我们每个数据中心基本上都在10线左右，基本上可以对全球的用户提供超级流畅的网络使用体验。
下面是我们的数据中心的分布，亚洲，欧洲，北美洲，大洋洲（澳大利亚）这些互联网用户多的洲基本上都已经覆盖了。另外还告诉大家，印度和马来西亚阿里云的数据中心也正在建设。这其实是一件很让人激动的事情，阿里云的云计算技术会让越来越多的人能享受云计算带来的技术普惠，从亚太发力，后面肯定会做到覆盖七大洲四大洋。
云计算里面很核心的一个技术是虚拟化，我们可以把服务器集群虚拟化处理多个互相隔离的虚机并分配给不同的用户使用，使用的用户越多资源利用率也就越高，规模效应也就越明显。那么刚才上面提到的网络是不是也可以虚拟化，让每个用户都能公平的享受阿里云的多线BGP网络，而且将每个用户的网络资源都隔离开互不影响。答案是当然可以。这种网络虚拟化的最终结果是以阿里云公网产品实现的。阿里云公网产品分为功能型网络产品和计费型网络产品两大类。其中功能型的网络产品是EIP，负载均衡SLB，公网网关NAT，VPN网关。这几个产品的功能大家应该都比较熟悉了，我再这里就不详细介绍了。这几个产品使用的时候需要付功能实例费。
There are also separate billing products, called traffic packages and shared bandwidth. These two products are actually two billing modes corresponding to the Alibaba Cloud public network, one is billing by traffic, and the other is billing by bandwidth. The traffic package corresponds to metered billing, and the traffic package can deduct the traffic generated by the metered cloud product. Shared bandwidth corresponds to billing by bandwidth. Without this product, if there are 5 ECSs and each ECS has an optional 10Mbps bandwidth, then you need to pay 50Mbps. After you have shared bandwidth, you can buy only one 10Mbps bandwidth, and then share it with 5 ECSs.
Another core key feature in cloud computing is on-demand use and pay-per-use. This is essentially a payment model. This is the post-payment model we are talking about here. This model is especially suitable for the initial stage of cloud migration, because it is generally difficult to estimate the amount of usage. You can use the payment model of first use and then payment. I want to insert a case of a barber shop here. Generally, we go to the barber shop to get a haircut, and most of the barbers will find a way to let you apply for a card. If you don't apply for a card, you will get 50 haircuts, and if you apply for a card and save 300, you will get 10 free times. Under normal circumstances, if the barber's cut is not too bad, then you feel that the barber shop will not run away or close down in the short term, and in most cases, you will choose to apply for a card. The main reason is because it is a win-win business, we save money, and the barber shop increases user stickiness. The same goes back to cloud computing. Generally, most customers will consider Alibaba Cloud's prepaid products after they migrate to the cloud. On the one hand, they feel that Alibaba Cloud will not run away or go bankrupt in the short term, and on the other hand, they also feel that they will pay for the annual subscription. The monthly prepayment model does save a lot of money compared to postpayment. Therefore, everyone should have learned the first way to save money using Alibaba Cloud, and choose prepaid products reasonably.
As mentioned earlier, Alibaba Cloud's network products include functional network products, and most of these functional products have specifications. Such as small, medium, large, exclusive or shared. So how to choose? Choosing a model is actually a relatively painful thing. Choosing a small one affects the business, and choosing a large one costs money. Generally, when selecting traditional equipment, it is often chosen to be higher, leaving some margin. This is actually one of the main reasons for cost waste. If you use Alibaba Cloud, the selection is actually not that complicated. We will talk about how to choose a model later. Second, Alibaba Cloud provides billing by traffic and billing by bandwidth. How should I choose between billing by traffic and by bandwidth? Is it cheaper to charge by traffic? We will give you a detailed analysis of this in a while.
首先，是规格选型的问题。初期的时候，如果对业务情况难以估计，可以先选小规格的实例类型，然后可以结合云监控的指标实时的监控相关的数据。以NAT网关为例，NAT是通过总连接数来区分规格的，那么可以先选一个小规格的NAT网关，然后在云监控上设置一个连接数告警规则。比如小型NAT的并发连接总数是1万，那么可以在云监控设置连接数监控阈值为8千，超8千后会发送告警邮件和短信。那么把NAT的规格升级到中型即可。这种规格的升级，大部分产品都不会对业务有任何影响。
然后，我们说一下按流量和按带宽计费模式的选择。首先给先告诉大家结论，并不是所有情况都是按流量计费省钱。按流量在带宽利用率高的场景下，费用是按带宽的很多倍。首先需要先解释一下带宽利用率，带宽利用其实一个是个平均值的概念，反映的是在一条具体的线路上带宽的平均使用率。举个简单的例子，你家里面买了一个10Mbps的宽带，然后你每天都在家里面用电脑下载美国大片。那么这个10Mbps的宽带线路上面一直在跑数据和流量，那么这个线路的带宽利用率可能接近90%，如果你不喜欢看美国大片，只是用这个10Mbps的宽带线路浏览浏览新闻网页，那么这个利用率就比较低，估计在10%左右，那么这种情况我建议你把宽带撤掉，直接用手机开热点走流量吧。
上面说的是移动，联通，电信这种传统运营商的计费模式，手机都是按流量计费的，宽带是按带宽计费的。如果你经常下片，你肯定不会用手机开热点的，因为贵。如果你只是在家看看网页，其实也没必要拉一个宽带，现在手机开热点完全可以满足需求。
我给大家做了两张图，因为阿里云的按带宽计费分为两个区间，1-5Mbps和大于5Mbps，两个区间价格不一样，5Mbps以下价格便宜一些。然后我再不同带宽利用率的情况下分析了一下成本。第一种图是带宽2Mbps，在不同带宽利用率情况下按流量计费的价格和按带宽计费的价格。第二张图是50Mbps的带宽，不同带宽利用率情况下按流量计费的价格和按带宽计费的价格。
It can be concluded that if the bandwidth utilization rate is below 5Mbps, if the bandwidth utilization rate is lower than 10%, choose to charge by traffic, if it is greater than 10%, choose to charge by bandwidth. Above 5 Mbps, if the bandwidth utilization rate is lower than 35%, you will be billed by traffic, and if it is greater than 35%, you will be billed by bandwidth.
With that in mind, let's take a mathematical look at why shared bandwidth is particularly popular with customers. If we use shared bandwidth, it is equivalent to multiplexing a bandwidth for multiple ECSs, then basically there is always data and traffic running on this bandwidth. Then the bandwidth utilization rate will definitely not be low. After some users use the shared bandwidth, the bandwidth utilization of the shared bandwidth can reach 70% or higher on an average day. In this case, it must save a lot of money, which is more than the original metered billing.
Then if it was originally billed by bandwidth, if there are three servers, the server needs to purchase bandwidth separately every day, for example, 30Mbps, 40Mbps, and 50Mbps of bandwidth need to be purchased respectively, and if shared bandwidth is used, only 75Mbps needs to be purchased to meet business needs. . In addition, each server can reach the peak of shared bandwidth, which saves 37.5% of the cost compared to the previous independent procurement of bandwidth.
The second way to save money, everyone should learn it. Reasonably choose billing by traffic and by bandwidth, and if the business traffic is large, try to choose the shared bandwidth method.
Finally, an artifact is introduced, the free time traffic package. This is a special traffic package, it can only be used from 0:00-08:00. The biggest feature is that the price of traffic is much lower than the previous traffic price, which is basically a 50% to 60% discount. Discounts are especially great. It is suitable for users who can control the traffic on the cloud, such as customers who regularly synchronize data offline.
Original link: https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/214750?spm=5176.100244.teamhomeleft.1.GkWsqI