1. Export DLL operations through third-party tools such as toad and plsql develop. The advantage of this method is that the operation is simple and convenient, but it needs to be installed. The following briefly introduces the operation of using these two tools to obtain DLL statements.
1. Toad tool (can be downloaded from www.quest.com website)
a. Start toad, connect to the target database
b. Click DBA->Generate Schema Script, select the corresponding Schema through the operation interface, of course, you can pass several other Select the corresponding conditions on the tab page and click the Execute button.
2. plsql develop tool
a, start plsql develop, connect to the target database
b, click Tools->Export Tables, select the corresponding content, and then click the Export button, in fact, these tools are just calling Oracle's Exp tool, if you do not specify the file directory , the file will appear in the installation directory of the plsql develop software.
Second, through the EXP/IMP tool
Oracle provides the most primitive and practical import and export tool, we can generally divide it into three ways to export DDL.
1. Specify the indexfile parameter through imp, but this method is uncomfortable because there will be REM
exp userid=... tables=emp rows=n file=emp.dmp
imp userid=... file=emp.dmp indexfile before each row =emp.sql
2. Specify show=y through imp, and specify log parameters at the same time, and the format is not very good
exp userid=... tables=emp rows=n file= emp.dmp
imp userid=... file= emp.dmp show=y log=emp.sql
3. Use the strings command under unix ( this method is rather barbaric ):
exp userid=... tables=tab1 rows=n file=tab1.dmp
strings emp.dmp >emp.sql
There are DLL statements in emp.sql 3. The DLL statements
obtained through the DBMS_METADATA package of 9i are
basically used The syntax is as follows:
set echo off
set feedback off
set heading off
set verify off
set newpage none
set linesize 999
set pagesize 0
set term off
set trims off
set trimspool on
set trimout off
set timing off
spool DEPT.sql
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','DEPT','SCOTT') from dual;
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('INDEX','DEPT_IDX',' SCOTT') from dual;
spool off;
2. Get all the syntax for building tables and indexes under a SCHEMA, take scott as an example:
spool scott_schema.sql
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE',table_name) FROM USER_TABLES;
SELECT DBMS_METADATA .GET_DDL('INDEX',index_name) FROM USER_INDEXES;
spool off;
3. Get the syntax for building all stored procedures of a SCHEMA
spool procedures.sql
select DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('PROCEDURE',object_name) from user_objects where object_type = 'PROCEDURE ' AND status='VALID';
spool off;
spool procedures.sql
select DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('VIEW',object_name) from user_objects
where object_type = 'VIEW' AND status='VALID';
spool off;
as follows:
a. Get a single table and index syntax
set heading off;
set echo off;
Set pages 999;
set long 90000;
spool DEPT.sql
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','DEPT','SCOTT') from dual;
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('INDEX','DEPT_IDX','SCOTT') from dual;
spool off;
b. Get a SCHEMA All table and index building syntax, take scott as an example:
set pagesize 0
set long 90000
set feedback off
set echo off
spool scott_schema.sql
connect scott/tiger;
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE',u.table_name) FROM USER_TABLES u;
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('INDEX',u.index_name) FROM USER_INDEXES u;
spool off;
c. 获取某个SCHEMA的建全部存储过程的语法
connect brucelau /brucelau;
spool procedures.sql
select DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('PROCEDURE',u.object_name) from user_objects u where object_type = 'PROCEDURE';
spool off;
另：dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','TAB1','USER1')
三个参数中，第一个指定导出DDL定义的对象类型（此例中为表类型），第二个是对象名（此例中即表名），第三个是对象所在的用户名。
ORACLE获取DML(Insert into)的方法
from: 把Oracle表里的数据导成insert语句
有些时候我们需要把oracle里的数据导入其他数据库里。生成insert into 表名 .... 是一种很简单直接的方法。
今年六月份从www.arikaplan.com/oracle.html看到一个可以生成insert into 表名 ....语句的存储过程genins_output。按中文习惯的时间格式YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS改了改，并新写了一个存储过程genins_file.sql。
它可以把小于16383条记录表里的数据导成(insert into 表名 ....)OS下文件。
调用它之前，DBA要看看数据库的初始化参数 UTL_FILE_DIR 是否已经正确地设置:
SQL> show parameters utl_file_dir;
可以看到该参数的当前设置。
如果没有值，必须修改数据库的initsid.ora文件，将utl_file_dir 指向一个你想用PL/SQL file I/O 的路径。重新启动数据库。此参数才生效。
调用它，可以把表里的数据生成(insert into 表名 ....)OS下文件的过程genins_file方法:
SQL>exec genins_file('emp','/oracle/logs','insert_emp.sql');
| | |
表名，可变 | 生成OS下文件名,可变
|
utl_file_dir路径名,不变(我设置的是/oracle/logs)
可以在OS目录/oracle/logs下看到insert_emp.sql文件。
注意事项: 生成(insert into 表名 ....)OS下文件最多32767行。因为我一条insert分成两行,所以最多处理16383条记录的表。
附：genins_file.sql
code:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE genins_file(
p_table IN varchar2,
p_output_folder IN VARCHAR2,
p_output_file IN VARCHAR2)
IS
--
l_column_list VARCHAR2(32767);
l_value_list VARCHAR2(32767);
l_query VARCHAR2(32767);
l_cursor NUMBER;
ignore NUMBER;
l_insertline1 varchar2(32767);
l_insertline2 varchar2(32767);
cmn_file_handle UTL_FILE.file_type;
--
FUNCTION get_cols(p_table VARCHAR2)
RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
l_cols VARCHAR2(32767);
CURSOR l_col_cur(c_table VARCHAR2) IS
SELECT column_name
FROM user_tab_columns
WHERE table_name = upper(c_table)
ORDER BY column_id;
BEGIN
l_cols := null;
FOR rec IN l_col_cur(p_table)
LOOP
l_cols := l_cols || rec.column_name || ',';
END LOOP;
RETURN substr(l_cols,1,length(l_cols)-1);
END;
--
FUNCTION get_query(p_table IN VARCHAR2)
RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
l_query VARCHAR2(32767);
CURSOR l_query_cur(c_table VARCHAR2) IS
SELECT 'decode('||column_name||',null,''null'','||
decode(data_type,'VARCHAR2','''''''''||'||column_name ||'||'''''''''
,'DATE','''''''''||to_char('||column_name||',''YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'')||'''''''''
,column_name
) || ')' column_query
FROM user_tab_columns
WHERE table_name = upper(c_table)
ORDER BY column_id;
BEGIN
l_query := 'SELECT ';
FOR rec IN l_query_cur(p_table)
LOOP
l_query := l_query || rec.column_query || '||'',''||';
END LOOP;
l_query := substr(l_query,1,length(l_query)-7);
RETURN l_query || ' FROM ' || p_table;
END;
--
BEGIN
l_column_list := get_cols(p_table);
l_query := get_query(p_table);
l_cursor := dbms_sql.open_cursor;
DBMS_SQL.PARSE(l_cursor, l_query, DBMS_SQL.native);
DBMS_SQL.DEFINE_COLUMN(l_cursor, 1, l_value_list, 32767);
ignore := DBMS_SQL.EXECUTE(l_cursor);
--
IF NOT UTL_FILE.IS_OPEN(cmn_file_handle) THEN
cmn_file_handle := UTL_FILE.FOPEN (p_output_folder, p_output_file, 'a',32767);
END IF;
LOOP
IF DBMS_SQL.FETCH_ROWS(l_cursor)>0 THEN
DBMS_SQL.COLUMN_VALUE(l_cursor, 1, l_value_list);
l_insertline1:='INSERT INTO '||p_table||' ('||l_column_list||')';
l_insertline2:=' VALUES ('||l_value_list||');';
UTL_FILE.put_line (cmn_file_handle, l_insertline1);
UTL_FILE.put_line (cmn_file_handle, l_insertline2);
ELSE
EXIT;
END IF;
END LOOP;
IF NOT UTL_FILE.IS_OPEN(cmn_file_handle) THEN
UTL_FILE.FCLOSE (cmn_file_handle);
END IF;
END;
/
dbms_metadata.get_ddl
[@more@]
dbms_metadata.get_ddl
1.得到一个表或索引的ddl语句
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE','DEPT','SCOTT') FROM DUAL;
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('INDEX','PK_DEPT','SCOTT') from dual;
2.得到一个用户下的所有表，索引，存储过程的ddl
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL(U.OBJECT_TYPE, u.object_name)
FROM USER_OBJECTS u
where U.OBJECT_TYPE IN ('TABLE','INDEX','PROCEDURE');
3.得到所有表空间的ddl语句
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLESPACE', TS.tablespace_name)
FROM DBA_TABLESPACES TS;
4.得到所有创建用户的ddl
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('USER',U.username)
FROM DBA_USERS U;
应用:
a. 获取单个的建表、视图和建索引的语法
set pagesize 0
set long 90000
set feedback off
set echo off
spool DEPT.sql
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','TAB_NAME','SCOTT') from dual;
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('VIEW','VIEW_NAME','SCOTT') from dual;
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('INDEX','IDX_NAME','SCOTT') from dual;
spool off;
b.获取一个SCHEMA下的所有建表、视图和建索引的语法，以scott为例：
set pagesize 0
set long 90000
set feedback off
set echo off
spool schema.sql
connect scott/tiger;
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE',u.table_name) FROM USER_TABLES u;
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('VIEW',u.VIEW_name) FROM USER_VIEWS u;
SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('INDEX',u.index_name) FROM USER_INDEXES u;
spool off;
c. 获取某个SCHEMA的建全部存储过程的语法
set pagesize 0
set long 90000
set feedback off
set echo off
spool procedures.sql
select DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('PROCEDURE',u.object_name) from user_objects u where object_type = 'PROCEDURE';
spool off;
d. 获取某个SCHEMA的建全部函数的语法
set pagesize 0
set long 90000
set feedback off
set echo off
spool function.sql
select DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('FUNCTION',u.object_name) from user_objects u where object_type = 'FUNCTION';
spool off;
获取某个用户的所有索引的DDL
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('INDEX',index_name,owner) from dba_indexes a where a.owner='SCOTT';
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('INDEX',index_name,owner) from dba_indexes a where a.owner not like '%SYS%'