PostgreSQL database common commands
1. Login
| psql -U username psql -U username dbname psql -U username -h 172.28.18.51 dbname |
Example: psql -U postgres
Enter the password for user postgres : postgres
2. Create a database
| create database dbname; |
例子：create database testdb;
3. List the database
| \l or \list |
example:
4. Select the database
| \c dbname \c dbname username serverIP port |
Example: \c testdb
5. Create the data table
| create table tablename (field1 fieldType, field2 fieldType); |
example:
| create table person ( id integer, name varchar(20), departmentId integer, cityId integer, constraint zhongwc_pid_pk primary key(id), constraint fk_xi9cjtmjwt0fhfd5ks69gbaw foreign key (departmentId) references department(id), constraint fk_xi9cjtmjwt0fhfd5ks69gbax foreign key (cityId) references city(id) );
create table department ( id integer, name varchar(20), constraint department_did_pk primary key(id) );
create table city ( id integer, name varchar(20), constraint city_cid_pk primary key(id) ); |
6.显示表结构
| \d tablename |
7.插入表数据
| insert into tablename values (field1 fieldType, field2 fieldType); |
例子：
| insert into department values (1, '销售部'); insert into department values (2, '技术部'); insert into department values (3, '运维部');
insert into city values (1, '北京'); insert into city values (2, '上海'); insert into city values (3, '广州');
insert into person values (1, 'zhangsan', 1, 1); insert into person values (2, 'lisi', 2, 1); |
8.数据导入导出
| 导出库：pg_dump -U username dbname > f:\a.sql 导入库：psql -U username dbname < f:\a.sql
进入数据库： 导出表：COPY tablename TO 'f:\d.sql'; 导入表：COPY tablename FROM 'f:\d.sql'; |
例子：
| pg_dump -U postgres testdb > f:\a.sql psql -U postgres testdb < f:\a.sql
COPY city TO 'f:\city.sql'; COPY city FROM 'f:\city.sql'; |
9.显示字符集
| \encoding |
10.退出psgl
| \q |
11.查看角色
| \du |
12.用户
| 1.创建普通用户 create role username login password '123456' createdb valid until 'infinity';
2.创建超级用户 create role username login password '123456' superuser valid until 'infinity';
3.创建组角色 create role username1 inherit; -- 继承除“超级用户权限”外的所有权限
grant username1 to username; |