category:
1. try/except #Catch exceptions and recover, slightly different from languages such as java
2. try/finally # Regardless of whether an exception occurs, the finally statement is executed, even if try and except contain return
3.raise #Manually trigger an exception in the code
4.assert #Conditionally trigger an exception in the program, which can be regarded as a conditional raise statement
5.with/as #implement environment manager
6. try/except/else #Execute except when an exception occurs, and execute else when it does not occur