1. Introduction
shutil is an advanced file, folder, and compressed package processing module
2. Use
1. Copy the contents of the file to another file [shutil.copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst[, length])]
import shutil
f1 = open("E:\python-project\\f1.txt",'r',encoding='utf-8')
f2 = open("E:\python-project\\f2.txt",'w',encoding='utf-8')
shutil.copyfileobj(f1,f2)
2. Copy files (copy files) [shutil.copyfile(src, dst)]
import shutil
shutil.copyfile('E:\python-project\\f1.txt','E:\python-project\\f3.txt')
3. Only copy permissions, content, group, and user are unchanged [shutil.copymode(src, dst)]
import shutil
shutil.copymode("E:\python-project\\f1.txt",'E:\python-project\\f3.txt')
4. Only copy status information, including: mode bits, atime, mtime, flags [shutil.copystat(src, dst)]
import shutil
shutil.copystat("E:\python-project\\f1.txt",'E:\python-project\\f3.txt')
5. Copy files and permissions [shutil.copy(src, dst)]
import shutil
shutil.copy("E:\python-project\\f1.txt",'E:\python-project\\f4.txt')
6. Copy files and status information [shutil.copy2(src, dst)]
import shutil
shutil.copy2("E:\python-project\\f1.txt",'E:\python-project\\f5.txt')
7. Recursively copy the folder [shutil.copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None)]
import shutil
shutil.copytree("E:\python-project\Atm",'E:\python-project\\a')
8. Delete files recursively [shutil.rmtree(path[, ignore_errors[, onerror]])]
import shutil
shutil.rmtree('E:\python-project\\a')
9. Recursively move files, similar to the mv command, but actually rename [shutil.move(src, dst)]
import shutil
shutil.move('E:\python-project\\f5.txt','E:\python-project\\f6.txt')
10. Processing of compressed packages [shutil.make_archive(base_name, format,...)]
Create a compressed package and return the file path, such as: zip, tar
base_name: The file name of the compressed package, or the path of the compressed package. If it is only the file name, it will be saved to the current directory, otherwise it will be saved to the specified path.
Such as: www => save to the current path
Such as: /Users/wupeiqi/www => save to /Users/wupeiqi/
format: the type of compressed package, "zip", "tar", "bztar", "gztar"
root_dir: Folder path to be compressed (default current directory)
owner: user, default current user
group: group, default current group
logger: used to record logs, usually a logging.Logger object
Example: Package the Atm directory under E:\python-project as ff.zip and put it in the E:\python-project directory
import shutil
shutil.make_archive ('E: \ python-project \\ ff', 'zip', 'E: \ python-project \ Atm')
11. The processing of compressed packages by shutil is carried out by calling two modules: ZipFile and TarFile
(1) zipfile compression and decompression (compresses the specified file)
Pack:
import zipfile
z= zipfile.ZipFile('E:\python-project\\a.zip','w')
z.write('E:\python-project\\f6.txt')
z.write('E:\python-project\\f1.txt')
z.close()
Unzip:
z = zipfile.ZipFile('E:\python-project\\a.zip','r')
z.extractall()
z.close()
(2) tarfile compression and decompression
Pack:
import tarfile
tar = tarfile.open('E:\python-project\\b.zip','w')
tar.add('E:\python-project\\f4.txt')
tar.add('E:\python-project\\f2.txt')
tar.close()
Unzip:
tar = tarfile.open('E:\python-project\\b.zip','r')
tar.extractall()
tar.close()