【Selenium】Debian+Selenium+ChromeDriver

Test Release Notes

Debian 9.0 64位
Selenium 3.4.0
chrome 63
ChromeDriver 2.34
Java 1.8.0

install chrome

Chrome browser needs to be installed on the server:

wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get -f install 
dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

If it prompts an error:

dpkg: error processing package google-chrome-stable (--install):

Please execute:

sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install
dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

After that, no error will be reported. If the installation is successful, you can view the installation path and installed version:
write picture description here

download chromedriver

To download the driver driver version according to the version of the chrome browser:
Download address: http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html

chromedriver version	Supported Chrome Versions
v2.34	v61-63
v2.33	v60-62
v2.32	v59-61
v2.31	v58-60
v2.30	v58-60
v2.29	v56-58
v2.28	v55-57
v2.27	v54-56
v2.26	v53-55
v2.25	v53-55
v2.24	v52-54
v2.23	v51-53
v2.22	v49-52
v2.21	v46-50
v2.20	v43-48
v2.19	v43-47

Install Xvfb

sudo apt-get install xvfb

After installation, execute:
Xvfb -ac :7 -screen 0 1280x1024x8 -extension RANDR -nolisten inet6 &
export DISPLAY=:7 （和上一步的number号相同）

Because it is too troublesome to start xvfb every time before running the program, so directly write a boot-up self-starting script, so that the program can be directly executed next time. We need to write the script in the /etc/rc.local path. After booting, the script in the /etc/rc.local file will be executed. Add the following before exit 0:

#! /bin/bash
case "$1" in
start)
  /usr/bin/Xvfb :7 -ac -screen 0 1280x1024x8 -extension RANDR -nolisten inet6 &
  export DISPLAY=:7
;;
stop)
  killall Xvfb
;;
esac

Regarding the error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally

I encountered this error twice. The first time I only needed to install Xvfb and it was solved successfully. But the second time I have installed Xvfb and opened it normally, it still prompted such an error, because it needs to be added to the code. Here's the content (critical!):

//        禁用扩展
        chromeOptions.addArguments("--disable-extensions");
//        使用无头模式运行
        chromeOptions.addArguments("--headless");
//        禁用GPU
        chromeOptions.addArguments("--display-gpu");
//        启动无沙盒模式运行
        chromeOptions.addArguments("--no-sandbox");

It may be because chrome occupies too much memory and the screen is stuck, making chrome unable to open normally
and remember to set the permissions of chromedriver to executable:

chmod -R 777 chromedriver

References:
unkown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
chrome installation error solution
chromedriver and chrome version mapping table
chrome in linux
chrome command line Daquan
2 ways to add startup items